Microbial regulation of feedbacks to ecosystem change

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(1), С. 68 - 78

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Microbes are key biodiversity components of all ecosystems and control vital ecosystem functions. Although we have just begun to unravel the scales factors that regulate microbial communities, their role in mediating stability response disturbances remains underexplored. Here, review evidence how, when, where microbes or drive disturbance feedbacks. Negative feedbacks dampen impacts disturbance, which maintain stability, whereas positive instead erode by amplifying disturbance. Here describe processes underlying responses using a hierarchy functional traits, exemplify how these may biogeochemical We suggest feedback potential traits at different hierarchical levels is contingent on complexity heterogeneity environment. Microbial functioning intrinsically linked resistance resilience ecosystems. impact stability. Functional from delineated genotypes community-wide mediate intensity direction Feedbacks can be (amplifying) negative (dampening) emerge altered cycling related responses. Generalizable frameworks for adapt time space needed increase understanding predictability temporal

Язык: Английский

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Pelagic tunicate grazing on marine microbes revealed by integrative approaches

Limnology and Oceanography, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 67(1), С. 102 - 121

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2021

Abstract Marine microorganisms comprise a large fraction of ocean carbon and are central players in global biogeochemical cycling. Significant gaps remain, however, our understanding processes that determine the fate, distribution, community structure microbial communities. Protists viruses accepted as being part loop source mortality. However, pelagic tunicates (salps, doliolods, pyrosomes, appendicularians), which abundant oceanic coastal environments consume with higher individual grazing rates than other common grazers, remain underappreciated their role controlling communities, distributions, flux through ecosystems. In spite sampling challenges owing to fragile nature patchy recent developments methodology have deepened selectivity these ubiquitous grazers. Next‐generation sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, high‐resolution videography, improved microscopy, biomarkers, situ approaches transforming knowledge on determining fate function Here, we review research tunicate focus newer methodologies application across taxa. Synthesis studies points major for control marine Comparisons between taxa indicate important differences prey selectivity, will impact how grazers incorporated into models. Application integration methods produce continued insights ultimate goal illuminating unique biological pump.

Язык: Английский

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Selective and differential feeding on marine prokaryotes by mucous mesh feeders

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(4), С. 880 - 893

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2023

Microbial mortality impacts the structure of food webs, carbon flow, and interactions that create dynamic patterns abundance across gradients in space time diverse ecosystems. In oceans, estimates microbial by viruses, protists, small zooplankton do not account fully for observations loss, suggesting existence underappreciated sources. We examined how ubiquitous mucous mesh feeders (i.e. gelatinous zooplankton) could contribute to open ocean. coupled capture live animals blue-water diving sequence-based approaches measure enrichment selectivity feeding two coexisting grazer taxa (pteropods salps) on numerically dominant marine prokaryotes. show grazers consume a variety prokaryotes select between lineages similar cell sizes. Prochlorococcus may evade filtration more than other cells planktonic archaea are consumed macrozooplanktonic grazers. Discovery these relationships identifies new source Earth's microbes alters our understanding top-down processes shape community function.

Язык: Английский

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Planktonic microbial signatures of sinking particle export in the open ocean’s interior

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2023

Abstract A considerable amount of particulate carbon produced by oceanic photosynthesis is exported to the deep-sea “gravitational pump” (~6.8 7.7 Pg C/year), sequestering it from atmosphere for centuries. How organic (POC) transformed during export deep sea however not well understood. Here, we report that dominant suspended prokaryotes also found in sinking particles serve as informative tracers particle processes. In a three-year time series oceanographic campaigns Pacific Ocean, upper water column relative abundances entrained decreased exponentially depths 75 250 m, conforming known depth-attenuation patterns carbon, energy, and mass fluxes epipelagic zone. Below ~250 m however, abundance increased with depth. These results indicate microbial entrainment, colonization, formation are elevated at mesopelagic bathypelagic depths. Comparison particle-associated microbes provides information about depth-variability POC biotic processes, evident biogeochemical data alone.

Язык: Английский

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Diverse microbial prey in the guts of gelatinous grazers revealed by microscopy

Marine Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 172(4)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A global review of pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean's elusive gelatinous “fire‐bodies”

Limnology and Oceanography Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(6), С. 812 - 829

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2023

Abstract Pyrosomes are colonial tunicates that form gelatinous tubes and occasionally produce bioluminescent swarms. The rapid “bloom‐bust” dynamics of pyrosomes have the potential to outcompete other zooplankton, restructure marine food webs, enhance carbon export, interfere with human activities. been recorded for at least two centuries, yet much remains unknown about their physiology, bloom mechanisms, ecosystem impacts. Recent reports prompt question whether frequencies or densities increasing, population changes caused by ocean change. This review clarifies current information on pyrosome biology ecology explores apparent contradictions in habitat preferences diel vertical migration (DVM). We posit dominant species, Pyrosoma atlanticum , may preferentially inhabit waters below 18°C alter its DVM activity maintain overall body temperature near this threshold. Expanding our knowledge is needed facilitate inclusion models forecasts future distributions.

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of plankton community structure in intermittent and continuous coastal upwelling systems–from microbes and microscale in-situ imaging to large scale patterns

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2023

Eastern Boundary Systems support major fisheries whose early life stages depend on upwelling production. Upwelling can be highly variable at the regional scale, with substantial repercussions for new productivity and microbial loop activity. Studies that integrate classic trophic web based production are rare due to range in body forms sizes of taxa. Underwater imaging overcome this limitation, machine learning, enables fine resolution studies spanning large spatial scales. We used In-situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS) investigate drivers plankton community structure northern California Current, sampled along Newport Hydrographic (NH) Trinidad Head (TR) lines, OR CA, respectively. The non-invasive particles over 1644km winters summers 2018 2019 yielded 1.194 billion classified images. Combining nutrient analysis, flow cytometry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing mesoplankton underwater enabled us study taxa from 0.2µm 15cm, including prokaryotes, copepods, ichthyoplankton, gelatinous forms. To assess structure, >2000 single-taxon distribution profiles were analyzed using high correlations. Co-occurrences NH line consistently significantly higher off-shelf while those TR highest on-shelf. Random Forests models identified concentrations associated such as protists, Oithona appendicularians important co-occurrences line, TR, cumulative chlorophyll a importance. Our results indicate is driving intermittent systems supports temporal stability, further, connect diverse functionally redundant stable structure. Where more continuous primary may dominate patterns obscuring underlying role loop. Future changes strength likely disproportionately affect regions, activity enhances resilience.

Язык: Английский

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The microorganisms associated with doliolids in a productive coastal upwelling system

Limnology and Oceanography, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2024

Abstract Doliolids have a unique ability to impact the marine microbial community through bloom events and filter feeding. Their predation on large eukaryotic microorganisms is established evidence of smaller prokaryotic beginning emerge. We studied association between wild‐caught doliolids in Northern California Current system. were collected during identified at three different shelf locations with variable upwelling intensity. discovered associated range functional groups, which included free‐living pelagic Archaea, SAR11, picocyanobacteria. The results suggest possibility that could feed smallest members community, expanding our understanding doliolid feeding mortality. Given clear portions seawater by filtration their high abundance this system, we be an important player shaping structure

Язык: Английский

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Fine-scale vertical distribution and diel migrations ofPyrosoma atlanticumin the northern California Current

Journal of Plankton Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 44(2), С. 288 - 302

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2022

Abstract Blooms of the colonial pelagic tunicate Pyrosoma atlanticum in 2014–2018 followed a marine heatwave eastern Pacific Ocean. Pyrosome blooms could alter food webs northern California Current (NCC) by accelerating biological pump via active transport, fecal pellet production and mortality events. Although aggregations P. have potential to shape trophic dynamics carbon export, little is known about pyrosome vertical distribution patterns. In this study, we estimated NCC along transects off Oregon (45°N 124°W) (41°N 124°W), USA during February July 2018. Depth-stratified plankton tows provided volume-normalized abundance biovolume estimates that complemented fine-scale counts vertically deployed camera system. Pyrosomes were numerous offshore February, especially Oregon. Colonies distributed non-uniformly water column with peak numbers associated gradients environmental parameters, notably density chl-a. Vertical distributions shifted over 24-h period, indicative diel migration. Understanding these gelatinous grazers gives insight their behavior ecological role biologically productive temperate ecosystems as conditions become more favorable for recurring blooms.

Язык: Английский

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The microbiome of the pelagic tunicate Dolioletta gegenbauri: A potential link between the grazing and microbial food web

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(23), С. 6564 - 6579

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2022

Bloom-forming gelatinous zooplankton occur circumglobally and significantly influence the structure of pelagic marine food webs biogeochemical cycling through interactions with microbial communities. During bloom conditions especially, are keystone taxa that help determine fate primary production, nutrient remineralization, carbon export. Using tunicate Dolioletta gegenbauri as a model system for zooplankton, we carried out laboratory-based feeding experiment to investigate potential ecosystem impacts doliolid gut microbiomes communities associated faecal pellets surrounding seawater. Metabarcoding targeting Bacteria Archaea 16S rRNA genes/Archaea) qPCR approaches were used characterize microbiome assemblages. Comparison between sample types revealed distinct patterns in diversity biomass replicable across experiments. These observations support hypothesis their presence trophic activity, doliolids subtropical continental shelf systems where blooms common. starved (representative resident microbiome) possessed low-biomass low-diversity assemblages, suggesting is optimized detrital mode. Bacterial genera Pseudoalteromomas Shimia most abundant core taxa, similar observed other invertebrates. Exploratory bioinformatic analyses predicted functional genes suggest doliolids, via bacterial communities, may affect important processes including nitrogen, sulphur, organic matter cycling.

Язык: Английский

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