Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2024
The concept of urban order is important for research in sustainability science. I review the concepts and methods used by archaeologists to address question what holds early cities together. Archaeologists are starting come around standard interpretation social sciences: created maintained operation two types forces: institutions (top-down forces) generative processes (bottom-up forces). changes archaeological thinking that led from obsolete inadequate models (statism agency) emerging current understanding. discuss provide a new archaeologically-useful definition, describe five (political, economic, political economy, social, religious). then three process: population/demography, self-governance, self-coordination. These developments archaeology urbanism have benefits. They help produce better interpretations past cities; and, they other scientists understand deep history life. This approach allows findings on ancient contribute science today. What together? That is, how do city residents create maintain level security, predictability, cohesion permits flourish persist through time? crucial questions United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 11, "Sustainable Cities Communities," New Urban Agenda [1–3]. A recent report notes progress Goals needs be based solid scientific data. Furthermore, requires input countries developing world data those [4]. argue this broader perspective will remain incomplete without growing body development. In paper pursue focus order. If historians can determine nature sources cities, knowledge has potential illuminate number issues
Язык: Английский