Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Март 22, 2021
Temperature,
water,
solar
radiation,
and
atmospheric
CO
2
concentration
are
the
main
abiotic
factors
that
changing
in
course
of
global
warming.
These
govern
synthesis
degradation
primary
(sugars,
amino
acids,
organic
etc.)
secondary
(phenolic
volatile
flavor
compounds
their
precursors)
metabolites
directly,
via
regulation
biosynthetic
pathways,
or
indirectly,
effects
on
vine
physiology
phenology.
Several
hundred
have
been
identified
grape
berry.
Their
biosynthesis
characterized
shown
to
occur
during
different
developmental
stages
The
understanding
how
modulate
metabolism
thus
berry
quality
is
crucial
importance
for
breeders
growers
develop
plant
material
viticultural
practices
maintain
high-quality
fruit
wine
production
context
Here,
we
review
berry,
biosynthesis,
accumulation
influenced
by
factors.
first
part
provides
an
update
structure,
phenolic
(flavonoids
non-flavonoids)
major
aroma
(terpenes,
thiols,
methoxypyrazines,
C13
norisoprenoids).
second
gives
influence
factors,
such
as
water
availability,
temperature,
concentration,
metabolism.
At
end
paper,
raise
some
critical
questions
regarding
intracluster
heterogeneity
dilution
sampling
strategy
can
impact
outcome
studies
grapevine
response
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
6
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2015
During
the
course
of
their
ontogenesis,
plants
are
continuously
exposed
to
a
large
variety
abiotic
stress
factors
which
can
damage
tissues
and
jeopardize
survival
organism
unless
properly
countered.
While
animals
simply
escape
thus
evade
stressors,
as
sessile
organisms
have
developed
complex
strategies
withstand
them.
When
intensity
detrimental
factor
is
high,
one
defense
programs
employed
by
induction
programmed
cell
death
(PCD).
This
an
active,
genetically
controlled
process
initiated
isolate
remove
damaged
thereby
ensuring
organism.
The
mechanism
PCD
usually
includes
increase
in
levels
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
utilized
mediators
signal.
Abiotic
stress-induced
not
only
fundamental
biological
importance,
but
also
considerable
interest
agricultural
practice
it
has
potential
significantly
influence
crop
yield.
Therefore,
numerous
scientific
enterprises
focused
on
elucidating
mechanisms
leading
controlling
response
adverse
conditions
plants.
knowledge
may
help
develop
novel
obtain
more
resilient
varieties
with
improved
tolerance
enhanced
productivity.
aim
present
review
summarize
recent
advances
research
ROS-induced
related
role
organelles
process.
Agronomy for Sustainable Development,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
35(2), С. 401 - 442
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2015
Drought
is
a
predominant
cause
of
low
yields
worldwide.
There
an
urgent
need
for
more
water
efficient
cropping
systems
facing
large
consumption
irrigated
agriculture
and
high
unproductive
losses
via
runoff
evaporation.
Identification
yield-limiting
constraints
in
the
plant–soil–atmosphere
continuum
are
key
to
improved
management
plant
stress.
Crop
ecology
provides
systematic
approach
this
purpose
integrating
soil
hydrology
physiology
into
context
crop
production.
We
review
main
climate,
properties
processes
that
determine
yield
different
water-limited
environments.
From
analysis,
measures
under
specific
drought
conditions
derived.
Major
findings
from
literature
analysis
as
follows.
(1)
Unproductive
such
evaporation
increase
continental
in-season
rainfall
climates
storage-dependent
winter
climates.
Highest
occur
tropical
residual
moisture
regimes
with
short
intense
rainy
season.
(2)
Sites
climatic
dry
season
require
adaptation
phenology
saving
ensure
stable
yields.
Intermittent
droughts
can
be
buffered
root
system,
which
still
largely
underutilised
better
stress
resistance.
(3)
At
short-term
options
mulching
date
seeding
allow
adjust
site
constraints.
Adapted
cultivars
improve
synchronisation
between
demand
supply.
long
term,
hydraulic
physiological
overcome
by
changing
tillage
breeding
new
varieties
higher
(4)
Interactions
soil,
particularly
rhizosphere,
way
towards
Targeted
plant–soil
interactions
at
infancy.
conclude
understanding
site-specific
imperative
select
most
mitigate
progress
future
expected
focussing
on
complex
(root)–soil
interactions.
Polar Record,
Год журнала:
2013,
Номер
50(3), С. 237 - 259
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2013
ABSTRACT
We
present
an
update
of
the
‘key
points’
from
Antarctic
Climate
Change
and
Environment
(ACCE)
report
that
was
published
by
Scientific
Committee
on
Research
(SCAR)
in
2009.
summarise
subsequent
advances
knowledge
concerning
how
climates
Southern
Ocean
have
changed
past,
they
might
change
future,
examine
associated
impacts
marine
terrestrial
biota.
also
incorporate
relevant
material
presented
SCAR
to
Treaty
Consultative
Meetings,
make
use
emerging
results
will
form
part
Intergovernmental
Panel
(IPCC)
Fifth
Assessment
Report.
Annual Review of Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2014,
Номер
65(1), С. 335 - 363
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2014
Precise
allocation
of
limited
resources
between
growth
and
defense
is
critical
for
plant
survival.
In
shade-intolerant
species,
perception
competition
signals
by
informational
photoreceptors
activates
shade-avoidance
responses
reduces
the
expression
defenses
against
pathogens
insects.
The
main
mechanism
underlying
suppression
simultaneous
downregulation
jasmonate
salicylic
acid
signaling
low
ratios
red:far-red
radiation.
Inactivation
phytochrome
B
appears
to
suppress
altering
balance
DELLA
JASMONATE
ZIM
DOMAIN
(JAZ)
proteins
in
favor
latter.
Solar
UVB
radiation
a
positive
modulator
defense,
through
jasmonate-dependent
jasmonate-independent
pathways.
Light,
perceived
presumably
other
photoreceptors,
helps
plants
concentrate
their
defensive
arsenals
photosynthetically
valuable
leaves.
discovery
connections
revealing
novel
mechanisms
that
control
key
resource
decisions
canopies.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
223(3), С. 1073 - 1105
Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2019
By
means
of
meta-analyses
we
determined
how
70
traits
related
to
plant
anatomy,
morphology,
chemistry,
physiology,
growth
and
reproduction
are
affected
by
daily
light
integral
(DLI;
mol
photons
m-2
d-1
).
A
large
database
including
500
experiments
with
760
species
enabled
us
determine
generalized
dose-response
curves.
Many
increase
DLI
in
a
saturating
fashion.
Some
showed
more
than
10-fold
over
the
range
1-50
,
such
as
number
seeds
produced
per
actual
rate
photosynthesis.
Strong
decreases
(up
three-fold)
were
observed
for
leaf
area
ratio
payback
time.
Plasticity
differences
among
groups
generally
small
compared
overall
responses
DLI.
However,
traits,
photosynthetic
capacity
realized
growth,
found
woody
shade-tolerant
have
lower
plasticity.
We
further
conclude
that
direction
degree
trait
changes
adheres
density
vertical
gradients
within
canopies.
This
synthesis
provides
strong
quantitative
basis
understanding
acclimation
light,
from
molecular
whole
responses,
but
also
identifies
variables
currently
form
weak
spots
our
knowledge,
respiration
reproductive
characteristics.
