Rhodium‐Catalyzed C(sp²)‐ or C(sp³)−H Bond Functionalization Assisted by Removable Directing Groups

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 58(25), С. 8304 - 8329

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2018

Abstract In recent years, transition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H activation has become a key strategy in the field of organic synthesis. Rhodium complexes are widely used as catalysts variety functionalization reactions because their high reactivity and selectivity. The availability number rhodium various oxidation states enables diverse reaction patterns to be obtained. Regioselectivity, an important issue chemistry, can accomplished by using directing group assist reaction. However, obtain target functionalized compounds, it is also necessary use that easily removed. A wide range directed catalyzed have been reported date. this Review, we discuss Rh‐catalyzed aided removable such phenol, amine, aldehyde, ketones, ester, acid, sulfonic N‐heteroaromatic derivatives.

Язык: Английский

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Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51(15), С. 6251 - 6290

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of field. One clear reason is that evaluate based on only a few experiments not always well-designed. In contrast other reviews subject, here highlight pitfalls using incorrectly designed protocols explain why in cases sub-optimal results obtained. We also describe solutions overcome these challenges come conclusion recent developments material science, bioprocess engineering protein science continue open new opportunities for future. this way, immobilization, being mature discipline, remains as subject high interest where intense research necessary take advantage possibilities.

Язык: Английский

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Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters by Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbopalladation‐Initiated Cascade Reactions

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 58(6), С. 1562 - 1573

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2018

Abstract The enantioselective synthesis of molecules containing quaternary stereocenters is a field intense research interest and development. Among the known organic transformations, carbopalladation‐initiated domino transformations constitutes general method for construction compounds cyclic or spiro stereocenters. In this Minireview, recent achievements in palladium‐catalyzed Heck/C−H functionalizations developments processes are summarized.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Stereoconvergent Catalysis from 2005 to 2015: Transition-Metal-Mediated Stereoablative Reactions, Dynamic Kinetic Resolutions, and Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 117(5), С. 4528 - 4561

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2017

Stereoconvergent catalysis is an important subset of asymmetric synthesis that encompasses stereoablative transformations, dynamic kinetic resolutions, and transformations. Initially, only enzymes were known to catalyze processes, but recently various synthetic catalysts have been developed. This Review summarizes major advances in nonenzymatic, transition-metal-promoted transformations reported between 2005 2015.

Язык: Английский

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Elektrifizierung der organischen Synthese

Angewandte Chemie, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 130(20), С. 5694 - 5721

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2018

Abstract Die direkte Nutzung von Elektrizität für die organische Synthese erlebt derzeit eine Renaissance. Von den eher syntheseorientierten Laboratorien, auf diesem Gebiet arbeiten, werden neuartige oder althergebrachte Konzepte genutzt, um Weg der Nischentechnologie zu breiteren Anwendungen ebnen. Da nur Elektronen als Reagens genutzt werden, wird Bildung Abfallreagentien effizient vermieden. Darüber hinaus können stöchiometrische Reagentien regeneriert und ermöglichen elektrokatalysierte Umsetzung. Anwendung elektroorganischen Transformationen ist jedoch mehr Minimierung des Abfallaufkommens; sie führt vielmehr inhärent sicheren Prozessen, zur Abkürzung vieler Synthesestufen, milderen Reaktionsbedingungen, alternativen Zugängen gewünschten Struktureinheiten sowie Schaffung neuer Bereiche geistiges Eigentum (Patente). Wenn verwendete aus regenerativen Ressourcen stammt, kann dieser Stromüberschuss direkt terminales Oxidations‐ Reduktionsmittel eingesetzt was äußerst nachhaltige damit hochattraktive Technologie darstellt. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über jüngsten Entwicklungen dem elektrochemischen Synthese, welche Zukunft dieses stark aufstrebenden Gebietes beeinflussen werden.

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