Time‐Resolved In Situ Monitoring of Mechanochemical Reactions

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 61(21)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2022

Mechanochemical transformations offer environmentally benign synthesis routes, whilst enhancing both the speed and selectivity of reactions. In this regard, mechanochemistry promises to transform way in which chemistry is done academia industry but greatly hindered by a current lack mechanistic understanding. The continued development use time-resolved situ (TRIS) approaches monitor mechanochemical reactions provides new dimension elucidate these fascinating transformations. We here discuss recent trends method that have pushed boundaries research. New features obtained TRIS techniques are subsequently discussed, sheds light on how different been used. Emphasis placed strength combining complementary techniques. Finally, we outline our views potential methods research, towards establishing new, paradigm chemical sciences.

Язык: Английский

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Green metrics in mechanochemistry

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(19), С. 6680 - 6714

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

The quantitative assessment of the greenness mechanochemical processes for green metrics were calculated is herein reported. A general introduction to topic, variables influencing reaction outcome and, an outlook are also provided.

Язык: Английский

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Outstanding Advantages, Current Drawbacks, and Significant Recent Developments in Mechanochemistry: A Perspective View

Crystals, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1), С. 124 - 124

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023

Although known since antiquity, mechanochemistry has remained dormant for centuries. Nowadays, is a flourishing research field at the simultaneous stages of gathering data and (often astonishing) observations, scientific argumentation toward their analysis, which combination interdisciplinary expertise necessary. Mechanochemistry’s implementation as synthetic method constantly increasing, although it remains far from being fully exploited, or understood on basis fundamental principles. This review starts by describing many remarkable advantages mechanochemical reactions, simplifying “greening” chemistry in solutions. description followed an overview current main weaknesses to be addressed near future systematic study its energetics chemical mechanisms. finishes recent breakthrough experimental advances, such situ kinetics monitoring using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction Raman spectroscopy, plus equally significant computational approaches, quantum mechanochemistry, used understanding covalent hydrogen bond ruptures biomolecules mechanophores polymers single-molecule level. Combined with new technologies control temperature pressure ball mills, these appealing methods are promising tools establishing knowledge necessary reactivity

Язык: Английский

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Salient Achievements in Synthetic Organic Chemistry Enabled by Mechanochemical Activation

Synthesis, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(16), С. 2439 - 2459

Опубликована: Май 3, 2023

Abstract Although known for millennia, it is only recently that mechanochemistry has received serious attention by chemists. Indeed, during the past 15 years an extraordinary number of reports concerning solid-state chemical transformations through grinding and milling techniques have been recorded. This short review discusses circumstances led this renaissance, highlighting present intense interest in so-called green chemistry, enabling capacity to handle insoluble substrates, identification profound influence additives can on mechanochemically activated reactions. The core account focuses salient developments synthetic organic especially amino acid peptide­ mechanosynthesis, successful employment mechanochemical activation combination with asymmetric organocatalysis, promising enzymatic whole cell biocatalysis, remarkable achievement multicomponent selective reactions via complex, multistep reaction pathways, mechanosynthesis representative heterocycles. final section comments some pending tasks area, such as scaling-up processes be practical use industry, requirement easier more efficient control parameters monitoring devices, consequently careful analysis additional procedures a proper understanding phenomena. 1 Introduction 2 Brief History Mechanochemistry 3 Milling Equipment Reaction Parameters 4 Attributes That Propelled Its Present Renaissance 4.1 Enormous Attention Being Presently Paid Sustainable Chemistry 4.2 Reduced Energy Consumption 4.3 Additive-Based 4.4 Handling Insoluble Reactants 4.5 ‘Impossible’ Reactions Are Successful 4.6 Air- Water-Sensitive Reagents Ball 5 Salient Developments Mechanochemical Activation Synthetic Organic 5.1 Amino Acid Peptide Mechanosynthesis 5.2 Asymmetric Synthesis Organocatalysis under Ball-Milling Conditions 5.3 Mechanoenzymology 5.4 Multicomponent Activated 5.5 Heterocycles Modification 6 Future Directions 6.1 Scaling-Up Protocols 6.2 Temperature-Controlled 6.3 Understanding Transformations 6.4 Emerging Techniques 7 Conclusions

Язык: Английский

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Tinkering with Mechanochemical Tools for Scale Up

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 62(44)

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Mechanochemistry provides an environmentally benign platform to develop more sustainable chemical processes by limiting raw materials, energy use, and waste generation while using physically smaller equipment. A continuously growing research community has steadily showcased examples of beneficial mechanochemistry applications at both the laboratory preparative scale. In contrast solution-based chemistry, mechanochemical have not yet been standardized, thus scaling up is still a nascent discipline. The purpose this Minireview highlight similarities, differences challenges various approaches that successfully applied for range scales. We hope provide discussion starting point those interested in further developing commercial use and/or industrialisation.

Язык: Английский

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