Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
12(1), С. 1 - 22
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2019
Sweat
is
a
largely
unexplored
biofluid
that
contains
many
important
biomarkers
ranging
from
electrolytes
and
metabolites
to
proteins,
cytokines,
antigens,
exogenous
drugs.
The
eccrine
apocrine
glands
produce
excrete
sweat
through
microscale
pores
on
the
epidermal
surface,
offering
noninvasive
means
for
capturing
probing
reflect
hydration
state,
fatigue,
nutrition,
physiological
changes.
Recent
advances
in
skin-interfaced
wearable
sensors
capable
of
real-time
situ
collection
analytics
provide
capabilities
continuous
biochemical
monitoring
an
ambulatory
mode
operation.
This
review
presents
broad
overview
sweat-based
sensor
technologies
with
emphasis
enabling
materials,
designs,
target
analytes
interest.
article
concludes
summary
challenges
opportunities
researchers
clinicians
this
swiftly
growing
field.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
31(48)
Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2019
Abstract
Recent
progress
in
electronic
skin
or
e‐skin
research
is
broadly
reviewed,
focusing
on
technologies
needed
three
main
applications:
skin‐attachable
electronics,
robotics,
and
prosthetics.
First,
since
will
be
exposed
to
prolonged
stresses
of
various
kinds
needs
conformally
adhered
irregularly
shaped
surfaces,
materials
with
intrinsic
stretchability
self‐healing
properties
are
great
importance.
Second,
tactile
sensing
capability
such
as
the
detection
pressure,
strain,
slip,
force
vector,
temperature
important
for
health
monitoring
attachable
devices,
enable
object
manipulation
surrounding
environment
robotics
For
chemical
electrophysiological
wireless
signal
communication
high
significance
fully
gauge
state
users
ensure
user
comfort.
prosthetics,
large‐area
integration
3D
surfaces
a
facile
scalable
manner
critical.
Furthermore,
new
processing
strategies
using
neuromorphic
devices
efficiently
process
information
parallel
low
power
manner.
neural
interfacing
electrodes
These
topics
discussed,
progress,
current
challenges,
future
prospects.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
119(8), С. 5461 - 5533
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2019
Bio-integrated
wearable
systems
can
measure
a
broad
range
of
biophysical,
biochemical,
and
environmental
signals
to
provide
critical
insights
into
overall
health
status
quantify
human
performance.
Recent
advances
in
material
science,
chemical
analysis
techniques,
device
designs,
assembly
methods
form
the
foundations
for
uniquely
differentiated
type
technology,
characterized
by
noninvasive,
intimate
integration
with
soft,
curved,
time-dynamic
surfaces
body.
This
review
summarizes
latest
this
emerging
field
"bio-integrated"
technologies
comprehensive
manner
that
connects
fundamental
developments
chemistry,
engineering
sensing
have
potential
widespread
deployment
societal
benefit
care.
An
introduction
chemistries
materials
active
components
these
contextualizes
essential
design
considerations
sensors
associated
platforms
appear
following
sections.
The
subsequent
content
highlights
most
advanced
biosensors,
classified
according
their
ability
capture
information.
Additional
sections
feature
schemes
electrically
powering
strategies
achieving
fully
integrated,
wireless
systems.
concludes
an
overview
key
remaining
challenges
summary
opportunities
where
chemistry
will
be
critically
important
continued
progress.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
32(15)
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2019
Abstract
Recent
advances
in
soft
materials
and
system
integration
technologies
have
provided
a
unique
opportunity
to
design
various
types
of
wearable
flexible
hybrid
electronics
(WFHE)
for
advanced
human
healthcare
human–machine
interfaces.
The
biocompatible
with
miniaturized
wireless
systems
is
undoubtedly
an
attractive
prospect
the
sense
that
successful
device
performance
requires
high
degrees
mechanical
flexibility,
sensing
capability,
user‐friendly
simplicity.
Here,
most
up‐to‐date
materials,
sensors,
system‐packaging
develop
WFHE
are
provided.
Details
mechanical,
electrical,
physicochemical,
properties
discussed
integrated
sensor
applications
healthcare,
energy,
environment.
In
addition,
limitations
current
discussed,
as
well
key
challenges
future
direction
WFHE.
Collectively,
all‐inclusive
review
newly
developed
along
summary
imperative
requirements
material
properties,
capabilities,
performance,
skin
integrations
Frontiers in Nanotechnology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
2
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2020
In
the
current
scenario,
it
is
an
urgent
requirement
to
satisfy
nutritional
demands
of
rapidly
growing
global
population.
Using
conventional
farming,
nearly
one
third
crops
get
damaged,
mainly
due
pest
infestation,
microbial
attacks,
natural
disasters,
poor
soil
quality,
and
lesser
nutrient
availability.
More
innovative
technologies
are
immediately
required
overcome
these
issues.
this
regard,
nanotechnology
has
contributed
agrotechnological
revolution
that
imminent
potential
reform
resilient
agricultural
system
while
promising
food
security.
Therefore,
nanoparticles
becoming
a
new-age
material
transform
modern
practices.
The
variety
nanoparticle-based
formulations,
including
nano-sized
pesticides,
herbicides,
fungicides,
fertilizers,
sensors,
have
been
widely
investigated
for
plant
health
management
improvement.
In-depth
understanding
nanomaterial
interactions
opens
new
avenues
toward
improving
crop
practices
through
increased
properties
such
as
disease
resistance,
yield,
utilization.
review,
we
highlight
critical
points
address
nanotechnology-based
research
could
benefit
productivity
security
in
future.
Temperature,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
6(3), С. 211 - 259
Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2019
The
purpose
of
this
comprehensive
review
is
to:
1)
the
physiology
sweat
gland
function
and
mechanisms
determining
amount
composition
excreted
onto
skin
surface;
2)
provide
an
overview
well-established
thermoregulatory
functions
adaptive
responses
gland;
3)
discuss
state
evidence
for
potential
non-thermoregulatory
roles
in
maintenance
and/or
perturbation
human
health.
role
sweating
to
eliminate
waste
products
toxicants
seems
be
minor
compared
with
other
avenues
excretion
via
kidneys
gastrointestinal
tract;
as
eccrine
glands
do
not
adapt
increase
rates
either
concentrating
or
increasing
overall
rate.
Studies
suggesting
a
larger
clearing
from
body
may
artifact
methodological
issues
rather
than
selective
transport.
Furthermore,
unlike
renal
system,
it
that
conserve
water
loss
concentrate
fluid
through
vasopressin-mediated
reabsorption.
Individuals
high
NaCl
concentrations
(e.g.
cystic
fibrosis)
have
increased
risk
imbalances
during
prolonged
periods
heavy
sweating;
however,
sweat-induced
deficiencies
appear
minimal
trace
minerals
vitamins.
Additional
research
needed
elucidate
hydration
microbial
defense.
Finally,
utility
biomarker
currently
limited;
more
determine
relations
between
blood
solute
concentrations.
