Synthesis, design and development of energetic materials: Quo Vadis?

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 486, С. 150410 - 150410

Опубликована: Март 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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One Step Closer to an Ideal Insensitive Energetic Molecule: 3,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone and its Derivatives

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 143(32), С. 12665 - 12674

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2021

Reaching the goal of developing an insensitive high-energy molecule (IHEM) is a major challenge. In this study, 3,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-2-oxide-4-nitropyrimidone (IHEM-1) was synthesized in one step from 2,4,6-triamino-5-nitropyrimidine-1,3-dioxide hydrate (ICM-102 hydrate). The density compound IHEM-1 1.95 g cm–3 with decomposition temperature 271 °C. Its detonation velocity and pressure are 8660 m s–1 33.64 GPa, respectively, which far superior to performance 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), while its sensitivity identical that TATB. addition, four derivatives (1a, chloride; 1b, nitrate; 1c, perchlorate; 1d, dinitramide) were prepared on basis weak base site (N–O group) show excellent energetic properties. By combining series advantages, including simple preparation, high yield, density, very low solubility aqueous solution, thermostability, insensitivity, performance, approaches ideal molecule. Compounds 1b–1d also competitive as new high-energy-density materials.

Язык: Английский

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Taming nitroformate through encapsulation with nitrogen-rich hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2021

Abstract Owing to its simple preparation and high oxygen content, nitroformate [ − C(NO 2 ) 3 , NF] is an extremely attractive oxidant component for propellants explosives. However, the poor thermostability of NF-based derivatives has been unconquerable barrier more than 150 years, thus hindering application. In this study, first example a nitrogen-rich hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF-NF) designed constructed through self-assembly in energetic materials, which NF anions are trapped pores resulting via dual force ionic hydrogen bonds from strengthened framework. These factors lead decomposition temperature HOF-NF moiety being 200 °C, exceeds challenge thermal stability over 180 °C time among compounds. A large number compounds with stabilities excellent properties can be synthesized on basis work.

Язык: Английский

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Interfacial self-assembling of nano-TATB@PDA embedded football-like CL-20 co-particles with reduced sensitivity

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 488, С. 151010 - 151010

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Construction and Modification of Nitrogen-Rich Polycyclic Frameworks: A Promising Fused Tricyclic Host–Guest Energetic Material with Heat Resistance, High Energy, and Low Sensitivity

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(27), С. 35232 - 35244

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024

The construction and modification of novel energetic frameworks to achieve an ideal balance between high energy density good stability are a continuous pursuit for researchers. In this work, fused [5,6,5]-tricyclic framework was utilized as the host encapsulate oxidant molecules first time. A series new pyridazine-based [5,6] [5,6,5] polycyclic nitrogen-rich skeletons their derivatives were designed synthesized. Two strategies, amino oxidation host-guest inclusion, used modify skeleton in only one step. All compounds exhibit comprehensive properties (

Язык: Английский

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Melamine N-oxide based self-assembled energetic materials with balanced energy & sensitivity and enhanced combustion behavior

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 395, С. 125114 - 125114

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Embellishing bis-1,2,4-triazole with four nitroamino groups: advanced high-energy-density materials with remarkable performance and good stability

Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(23), С. 11752 - 11760

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

Tetranitroamino HEDMs based on bis-triazole with comparable performance to CL-20 (D: 9421 and 9609 m s⁻¹) superior stability.

Язык: Английский

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Structure–Performance Relationship in Thermally Stable Energetic Materials: Tunable Physical Properties of Benzopyridotetraazapentalene by Incorporating Amino Groups, Hydrogen Bonding, and π–π Interactions

Crystal Growth & Design, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(3), С. 2106 - 2114

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2020

Structure–performance investigation has become one of those significant trends for energetic materials and crystallography inevitably. Herein, we report two new deriving from a famous thermally stable explosive benzopyridotetraazapentalene, which was first developed by Huynh Hiskey, et al., at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Owing to the incorporation amino groups, these exhibit different amusing physical performance. Understanding their structures, properties, performances, relationship among them is basis rational design materials. Moreover, conjugated systems, density overlap regions indicator analysis also employed necessarily visualizing quantifying covalent noncovalent interactions. It evident that this strategy incorporating groups into increased coplanarity fused ring, owing contribution hydrogen bonding π–π interactions, can further decrease sensitivity. However, found integrity intramolecular -bonding interaction critical factor, affected thermal stability molecules with inserting progressively. notable diamino-substituted compound 8 exhibits comparable (320 °C) HNS, more dense (d: 1.84 g cm–3), higher nitrogen content (37.43%), lower sensitivity (impact sensitivity: 12 J, friction > 360 N), superior HNS. These discoveries effectively assist preparation other promising toward future high-performing energy applications.

Язык: Английский

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A promising hydrogen peroxide adduct of ammonium cyclopentazolate as a green propellant component

Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(25), С. 12334 - 12338

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

A novel hydrogen peroxide adduct of ammonium cyclopentazolate was successfully synthesized and shows promising application potential as a green propellant component.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrated Bacterial Cellulose-Based Energetic Nanocomposites as Propellants and Explosives for Military Applications

ACS Applied Nano Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4(2), С. 1906 - 1915

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2021

In this study, nitrated bacterial cellulose (NBC) energetic binder was introduced to prepare NBC-based nanocomposite materials (nEMs) through a combined simple and safe sol–gel method the freeze-drying technology. A series of analytical test methods were systematically conducted characterize structure, composition, thermal properties, safety performance materials. The results indicated that particles nitramine explosives dispersed embedded homogeneously in three-dimensional (3D) porous cross-linked construction NBC gel matrix; crystal growth explosive restricted, which led nanometer-scale composites. analysis demonstrated peak temperature composite (e.g., NBC/CL-20: 224.8 °C) reduced produced substantial heat release 3346 J·g–1) during process decomposition. addition, mechanism decomposition probed, cyclic catalytic between may exist. sensitivity decreased visibly because existence structure matrix, could act as buffer system mitigate stimulated from surroundings. Accordingly, investigation provide promising potential for composites used propellants military, further promote methodology manufacturing nanocomposites.

Язык: Английский

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