Carbon Capture Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11, С. 100178 - 100178
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2023
Язык: Английский
Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51(11), С. 4583 - 4762
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Replacing fossil fuels with energy sources and carriers that are sustainable, environmentally benign, affordable is amongst the most pressing challenges for future socio-economic development.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1077
Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 122(13), С. 11830 - 11895
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2022
This Review provides an overview of the emerging concepts catalysts, membranes, and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for water electrolyzers with anion-exchange membranes (AEMs), also known as zero-gap alkaline electrolyzers. Much recent progress is due to improvements in materials chemistry, MEA designs, optimized operation conditions. Research on polymers (AEPs) has focused cationic head/backbone/side-chain structures key properties such ionic conductivity stability. Several approaches, cross-linking, microphase, organic/inorganic composites, have been proposed improve performance chemical mechanical stability AEMs. Numerous AEMs now exceed values 0.1 S/cm (at 60-80 °C), although specifically at temperatures exceeding 60 °C needs further enhancement. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) still a limiting factor. An analysis thin-layer OER data suggests that NiFe-type catalysts highest activity. There debate active-site mechanism NiFe their long-term be understood. Addition Co increases these catalysts. same hydrogen (HER) shows carbon-supported Pt dominating, PtNi alloys clusters Ni(OH)
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
502
Journal of Energy Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 69, С. 301 - 329
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
373
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(12), С. 4572 - 4593
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2022
The development of renewable energy technologies is essential to achieve carbon neutrality. Hydrogen can be stably stored and transported in large quantities maximize power utilization. Detailed understanding the characteristics operating methods water electrolysis technologies, which naturally intermittent fluctuating used directly, required for green hydrogen production, because power-driven processes significantly differ from industrial driven by steady grid power. Thus, it necessary overcome several issues related direct use This article reviews its generation as well current status operation conditions, electrolyzer configuration, system requirements, stack/catalyst durability, degradation mechanisms under sources. It also provides an accelerated test protocol method fair catalyst performance comparison share effective design directions. Finally, discusses potential challenges recommendations further improvements components systems suitable practical use, suggesting that a breakthrough could realized toward achievement sustainable hydrogen-based society.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
290
Energy & Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(12), С. 6338 - 6348
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Poly(fluorenyl- co -aryl piperidinium)-based AEMWEs reach outstanding current density values of 7.68 A cm −2 at 2.0 V with a cell durability 1000 h.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
280
Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51(23), С. 9620 - 9693
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
The key components, working management, and operating techniques of anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers fuel cells are reviewed for the first time.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
270
Energy Conversion and Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 268, С. 115985 - 115985
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
209
ChemSusChem, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(8)
Опубликована: Март 8, 2022
As highlighted by the recent roadmaps from European Union and United States, water electrolysis is most valuable high-intensity technology for producing green hydrogen. Currently, two commercial low-temperature electrolyzer technologies exist: alkaline (A-WE) proton-exchange membrane (PEM-WE). However, both have major drawbacks. A-WE shows low productivity efficiency, while PEM-WE uses a significant amount of critical raw materials. Lately, use anion-exchange electrolyzers (AEM-WE) has been proposed to overcome limitations current systems. AEM-WE could become cornerstone achieve an intense, safe, resilient hydrogen production fulfill targets 2050 decarbonization goals. Here, status development discussed, with focus on aspects research highlighting potential routes overcoming remaining issues. The Review closes future perspective indicating be achieved.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
189
EnergyChem, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4(5), С. 100087 - 100087
Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
186
ACS Energy Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(3), С. 1502 - 1509
Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2023
Hydrogen is poised to play a key role in the energy transition by decarbonizing hard-to-electrify sectors and enabling storage, transport, trade of renewable energy. Recent forecasts project thousand-fold expansion global water electrolysis capacity as early 2030. In this context, several technologies are likely coexist market, each catering different applications geographies. They face common challenge decreasing cost hydrogen produced, for which efficiency major but not only factor. Perspective, we dispel misconceptions─rooted outdated designs─around alkaline offer an overview main technical pathways reduce from modern systems already under commercialization. By identifying research needs, aim motivate work into overlooked areas that both interesting scientific questions can contribute gigawatt-scale production green short- medium-term.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
172