2,5-Furandicarboxylic
acid
(FDCA)
is
currently
considered
one
of
the
most
relevant
bio-sourced
building
blocks,
representing
a
fully
sustainable
competitor
for
terephthalic
as
well
main
component
in
green
polymers
such
poly(ethylene
2,5-furandicarboxylate)
(PEF).
The
oxidation
biobased
5-hydroxymethylfurfural
(HMF)
represents
straightforward
approach
to
obtain
FDCA,
thus
attracting
attention
both
academia
and
industries,
testified
by
Avantium
with
creation
new
plant
expected
produce
5000
tons
per
year.
Several
approaches
allow
HMF
FDCA.
Metal-mediated
homogeneous
heterogeneous
catalysis,
metal-free
electrochemical
approaches,
light-mediated
procedures,
biocatalytic
processes
share
target
achieve
FDCA
high
yield
mild
conditions.
This
Review
aims
give
an
up-to-date
overview
current
developments
synthetic
pathways
from
HMF,
specific
focus
on
process
sustainability.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(4)
Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022
Abstract
Water
electrolysis,
driven
by
renewable
energy
resources,
is
a
promising
conversion
technology
that
has
gained
intensive
interest
in
recent
years.
However,
conventional
water
electrolysis
faces
number
of
challenges,
including
large
thermodynamic
potential
gaps,
valueless
anodic
products,
explosive
hydrogen/oxygen
mixtures,
reactive
oxygen
species,
and
limited
pure
water.
Hybrid
appending
different
electrolytes
the
anode
compartment
to
circumvent
above‐mentioned
challenges
particularly
attractive
alternative.
In
this
review,
for
first
time,
holistic
subtle
description
hybrid
provided,
focusing
on
design
high‐activity/selectivity/stability
electrocatalysts
electrochemical
oxidation
various
chemicals,
such
as
alcohol,
aldehyde,
amine,
urea
hydrazine,
or
evolution
reaction
seawater
electrolytes.
Comprehensive
judging
criteria
reactions,
electrocatalysts,
parameters
are
discussed.
Some
technoeconomic
assessments,
feasibility
analyses,
mechanism
explorations,
correlation
comparisons
involved.
Finally,
perspectives
opportunities
future
research
directions
systems
outlined.
Abstract
Transition‐metal‐based
layered
double
hydroxides
(TM‐LDHs)
nanosheets
are
promising
electrocatalysts
in
the
renewable
electrochemical
energy
conversion
system,
which
regarded
as
alternatives
to
noble
metal‐based
materials.
In
this
review,
recent
advances
on
effective
and
facile
strategies
rationally
design
TM‐LDHs
electrocatalysts,
such
increasing
number
of
active
sties,
improving
utilization
sites
(atomic‐scale
catalysts),
modulating
electron
configurations,
controlling
lattice
facets,
summarized
compared.
Then,
these
fabricated
for
oxygen
evolution
reaction,
hydrogen
urea
oxidation
nitrogen
reduction
small
molecule
oxidations,
biomass
derivatives
upgrading
is
articulated
through
systematically
discussing
corresponding
fundamental
principles
reaction
mechanism.
Finally,
existing
challenges
density
catalytically
future
prospects
nanosheets‐based
each
application
also
commented.
Conversion
of
biomass
into
biofuels
and
high
value-added
chemicals
is
a
promising
strategy
to
solve
the
increasingly
deteriorating
environmental
problems
caused
by
fossil
energy
consumption.
The
development
efficient
technologies
methods
premise
guarantee
realize
high-value
conversion
biomass.
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
(HMF),
as
versatile
platform
compound,
generated
via
dehydration
hexoses
(e.
g.,
fructose
glucose)
derived
from
cellulosic
This
Review
gives
an
overview
advances
challenges
electro-
photocatalytic
oxidation
biomass-derived
HMF
such
2,5-formylfuran
(DFF)
2,5-furandicarboxylic
acid
(FDCA).
These
strategies
for
preparation
HMF,
coupled
with,
example,
hydrogen
evolution
reaction,
organic
substrate
reduction,
CO2
reduction
or
N2
were
summarized
discussed.
Moreover,
catalytic
efficiency
mechanism
different
types
catalysts
also
introduced
in
these
systems.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
62(37)
Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023
Abstract
Electricity‐driven
organo‐oxidations
have
shown
an
increasing
potential
recently.
However,
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER)
is
the
primary
competitive
reaction,
especially
under
high
current
densities,
which
leads
to
low
Faradaic
efficiency
(FE)
of
product
and
catalyst
detachment
from
electrode.
Here,
we
report
a
bimetallic
Ni−Cu
electrocatalyst
supported
on
Ni
foam
(Ni−Cu/NF)
passivate
OER
process
while
oxidation
5‐hydroxymethylfurfural
(HMF)
significantly
enhanced.
A
density
1000
mA
cm
−2
can
be
achieved
at
1.50
V
vs
.
reversible
hydrogen
electrode,
both
FE
yield
keep
close
100
%
over
wide
range
potentials.
Both
experimental
results
theoretical
calculations
reveal
that
Cu
doping
impedes
OH*
deprotonation
O*
hereby
greatly
passivated.
Those
instructive
provide
new
approach
realizing
highly
efficient
biomass
upgrading
by
regulating
activity.
The
conversion
of
biomass
is
a
favorable
alternative
to
the
fossil
energy
route
solve
crisis
and
environmental
pollution.
As
one
most
versatile
platform
compounds,
5-hydroxymethylfural
(HMF)
can
be
transformed
various
value-added
chemicals
via
electrolysis
combining
with
renewable
energy.
Here,
recent
advances
in
electrochemical
oxidation
HMF,
from
reaction
mechanism
reactor
design
are
reviewed.
First,
pathway
summarized
systematically.
Second,
parameters
easy
ignored
emphasized
discussed.
Then,
electrocatalysts
reviewed
comprehensively
for
different
products
reactors
introduced.
Finally,
future
efforts
on
exploring
mechanism,
electrocatalysts,
prospected.
This
review
provides
deeper
understanding
electrocatalyst
reactor,
which
expected
promote
economical
efficient
industrial
applications.
