Physiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
37(5), С. 242 - 252
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2022
The
intertwined
relationship
between
structure
and
function
has
been
key
to
understanding
human
organ
physiology
disease
pathogenesis.
An
organ-on-a-chip
(organ
chip)
is
a
bioengineered
microfluidic
cell
culture
device
lined
by
living
cells
tissues
that
recapitulates
organ-level
functions
in
vitro.
This
accomplished
recreating
organ-specific
tissue-tissue
interfaces
microenvironmental
biochemical
mechanical
cues
while
providing
dynamic
perfusion
through
endothelium-lined
vascular
channels.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
how
emerging
technology
contributed
the
of
lung
structure-function
relationships
at
cell,
tissue,
levels.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
34(23)
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2022
Abstract
Bio‐hybrid
technologies
aim
to
replicate
the
unique
capabilities
of
biological
systems
that
could
surpass
advanced
artificial
technologies.
Soft
bio‐hybrid
robots
consist
synthetic
and
living
materials
have
potential
self‐assemble,
regenerate,
work
autonomously,
interact
safely
with
other
species
environment.
Cells
require
a
sufficient
exchange
nutrients
gases,
which
is
guaranteed
by
convection
diffusive
transport
through
liquid
media.
The
functional
development
long‐term
survival
tissues
in
vitro
can
be
improved
dynamic
flow
culture,
but
only
microfluidic
control
develop
tissue
fine
structuring
regulation
at
microscale.
Full
growth
microscale
will
eventually
lead
macroscale
constructs,
are
needed
as
component
soft
This
review
summarizes
recent
progress
techniques
engineer
tissues,
focusing
on
use
muscle
cells
for
robotic
bio‐actuation.
Moreover,
instances
bio‐actuation
greatly
benefit
from
fusion
microfluidics
highlighted,
include:
microfabrication
matrices,
biomimicry
cell
microenvironments,
maturation,
perfusion,
vascularization.
Archives of Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
96(3), С. 711 - 741
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022
Organ-on-chip
(OoC)
technology
is
full
of
engineering
and
biological
challenges,
but
it
has
the
potential
to
revolutionize
Next-Generation
Risk
Assessment
novel
ingredients
for
consumer
products
chemicals.
A
successful
incorporation
OoC
into
toolbox
depends
on
robustness
microfluidic
devices
organ
tissue
models
used.
Recent
advances
in
standardized
device
manufacturing,
cultivation
growth
protocols
offer
ability
bridge
gaps
towards
implementation
organ-on-chip
technology.
an
exposure-led
hypothesis-driven
tiered
approach
risk
assessment
using
detailed
human
exposure
information
application
appropriate
new
(non-animal)
toxicological
testing
approaches.
presents
a
promising
vitro
by
combining
cell
culturing
with
dynamic
microfluidics
improve
physiological
emulation.
Here,
we
critically
review
commercial
devices,
as
well
recent
culture
model
studies
skin,
intestinal
barrier
liver
main
metabolic
be
used
on-chip
Assessment.
Finally,
microfluidically
linked
combinations
such
skin-liver
intestine-liver
are
reviewed
they
form
relevant
aspect
advancing
toxicokinetic
toxicodynamic
studies.
We
point
achievements
challenges
overcome,
advance
non-animal,
human-relevant
safety
Lab on a Chip,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
23(16), С. 3537 - 3560
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Organs-on-a-chip,
or
OoCs,
are
microfluidic
tissue
culture
devices
with
micro-scaled
architectures
that
repeatedly
achieve
biomimicry
of
biological
phenomena.
They
well
positioned
to
become
the
primary
pre-clinical
testing
modality
as
they
possess
high
translational
value.
Current
methods
fabrication
have
facilitated
development
many
custom
OoCs
generated
promising
results.
However,
reliance
on
microfabrication
and
soft
lithographic
techniques
has
limited
their
prototyping
turnover
rate
scalability.
Additive
manufacturing,
known
commonly
3D
printing,
shows
promise
expedite
this
process,
while
also
making
easier
more
reproducible.
We
briefly
introduce
common
printing
modalities
before
identifying
two
sub-types
vat
photopolymerization
-
stereolithography
(SLA)
digital
light
processing
(DLP)
most
advantageous
for
future
OoC
development.
then
outline
motivations
shifting
requirements
printed
be
competitive
current
state
art,
several
considerations
achieving
successful
touching
design
techniques,
including
a
survey
commercial
printers
resins.
In
all,
we
aim
form
guide
end-user
facilitate
in-house
generation
along
translation
these
important
devices.
Cell,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
186(23), С. 5135 - 5150.e28
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
(Mtb)
cultured
axenically
without
detergent
forms
biofilm-like
cords,
a
clinical
identifier
of
virulence.
In
lung-on-chip
(LoC)
and
mouse
models,
cords
in
alveolar
cells
contribute
to
suppression
innate
immune
signaling
via
nuclear
compression.
Thereafter,
extracellular
cause
contact-dependent
phagocyte
death
but
grow
intercellularly
between
epithelial
cells.
The
absence
these
mechanopathological
mechanisms
explains
the
greater
proportion
lesions
with
increased
infiltration
dissemination
defects
cording-deficient
Mtb
infections.
Compression
lipid
monolayers
induces
phase
transition
that
enables
mechanical
energy
storage.
Agent-based
simulations
demonstrate
storage
capacity
is
sufficient
for
formation
maintain
structural
integrity
despite
perturbation.
Bacteria
remain
translationally
active
antibiotic
exposure
regrow
rapidly
upon
cessation
treatment.
This
study
provides
conceptual
framework
biophysics
function
infection
therapy
cord
architectures
independent
ascribed
single
bacteria.
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(2), С. 619 - 619
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2023
The
intestine
contains
the
largest
microbial
community
in
human
body,
gut
microbiome.
Increasing
evidence
suggests
that
it
plays
a
crucial
role
maintaining
overall
health.
However,
while
many
studies
have
found
correlation
between
certain
diseases
and
changes
microbiome,
impact
of
different
compositions
on
mechanisms
by
which
they
contribute
to
disease
are
not
well
understood.
Traditional
pre-clinical
models,
such
as
cell
culture
or
animal
limited
their
ability
mimic
complexity
physiology.
New
mechanistic
organ-on-a-chip,
being
developed
address
this
issue.
These
models
provide
more
accurate
representation
physiology
could
help
bridge
gap
clinical
studies.
Gut-on-chip
allow
researchers
better
understand
underlying
effect
gut.
They
can
move
field
from
causation
accelerate
development
new
treatments
for
associated
with
This
review
will
discuss
current
future
perspectives
gut-on-chip
study
host-microbial
interactions.
Abstract
Intracellular
delivery
of
nano‐drug‐carriers
(NDC)
to
specific
cells,
diseased
regions,
or
solid
tumors
has
entered
the
era
precision
medicine
that
requires
systematic
knowledge
nano‐biological
interactions
from
multidisciplinary
perspectives.
To
this
end,
review
first
provides
an
overview
membrane‐disruption
methods
such
as
electroporation,
sonoporation,
photoporation,
microfluidic
delivery,
and
microinjection
with
merits
high‐throughput
enhanced
efficiency
for
in
vitro
NDC
delivery.
The
impact
characteristics
including
particle
size,
shape,
charge,
hydrophobicity,
elasticity
on
cellular
uptake
are
elaborated
several
types
systems
aiming
hierarchical
targeting
vivo
reviewed.
Emerging
ex
human/animal‐derived
pathophysiological
models
further
explored
highly
recommended
use
studies
since
they
might
mimic
features
fill
translational
gaps
animals
humans.
exploration
modern
microscopy
techniques
precise
nanoparticle
(NP)
tracking
at
cellular,
organ,
organismal
levels
informs
tailored
development
NDCs
application
clinical
translation.
Overall,
integrates
latest
insights
into
smart
nanosystem
engineering,
physiological
models,
imaging‐based
validation
tools,
all
directed
towards
enhancing
efficient
intracellular
NDCs.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(30), С. 38832 - 38851
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024
Phenotypic
drug
discovery
(PDD),
which
involves
harnessing
biological
systems
directly
to
uncover
effective
drugs,
has
undergone
a
resurgence
in
recent
years.
The
rapid
advancement
of
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
over
the
past
few
years
presents
numerous
opportunities
for
augmenting
phenotypic
screening
on
microfluidic
platforms,
leveraging
its
predictive
capabilities,
data
analysis,
efficient
processing,
etc.
Microfluidics
coupled
with
AI
is
poised
revolutionize
landscape
discovery.
By
integrating
advanced
platforms
algorithms,
researchers
can
rapidly
screen
large
libraries
compounds,
identify
novel
candidates,
and
elucidate
complex
pathways
unprecedented
speed
efficiency.
This
review
provides
an
overview
advances
challenges
AI-based
microfluidics
their
applications
We
discuss
synergistic
combination
high-throughput
AI-driven
analysis
phenotype
characterization,
drug-target
interactions,
modeling.
In
addition,
we
highlight
potential
AI-powered
achieve
automated
system.
Overall,
represents
promising
approach
shaping
future
by
enabling
rapid,
cost-effective,
accurate
identification
therapeutically
relevant
compounds.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(20)
Опубликована: Март 7, 2024
The
human
microbiome
significantly
influences
drug
metabolism
through
the
gut-liver
axis,
leading
to
modified
responses
and
potential
toxicity.
Due
complex
nature
of
gut
environment,
understanding
microbiome-driven
impacts
on
these
processes
is
limited.
To
address
this,
a
multiorgan-on-a-chip
(MOoC)
platform
that
combines
microbial-crosstalk
(HuMiX)
gut-on-chip
(GoC)
Dynamic42
liver-on-chip
(LoC),
mimicking
bidirectional
interconnection
between
liver
known
as
introduced.
This
supports
viability
functionality
intestinal
cells.
In
proof-of-concept
study,
irinotecan,
widely
used
colorectal
cancer
drug,
imitated
within
MOoC.
Utilizing
liquid
chromatography
coupled
tandem
mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS),
irinotecan
metabolites
are
tracked,
confirming
platform's
ability
represent
along
axis.
Further,
using
authors'
platform,
it
shown
cancer-associated
bacterium,
Escherichia
coli,
modifies
transformation
its
inactive
metabolite
SN-38G
into
toxic
SN-38.
serves
robust
tool
for
investigating
intricate
interplay
microbes
pharmaceuticals,
offering
representative
alternative
animal
models
providing
novel
development
strategies.