Abstract
Graphitic
carbon
nitride
semiconductors
are
inexpensive
and
reusable
photocatalysts,
which
actively
studied
in
organic
synthesis.
Successful
design
of
photocatalytic
reactions
is
based
on
the
next
considerations.
i)
Thermodynamic
feasibility
photoinduced
processes,
involve
transfer
electrons
or
electron‐proton
couples.
ii)
Redox
activity
reagents.
iii)
Reactivity
open‐shell
intermediates
generated
from
Herein,
we
summarize
current
understanding
how
local
chemical
structure
graphitic
nitrides
their
redox
potentials
used
to
reactions.
This
work
intends
serve
as
a
guideline
for
materials
scientists,
who
willing
apply
involving
substrates,
chemists,
interested
dive
into
heterogeneous
photocatalysis.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(44)
Опубликована: Май 15, 2024
Single-atom
catalysts
(SACs)
are
an
emerging
class
of
materials,
leveraging
maximum
atom
utilization
and
distinctive
structural
electronic
properties
to
bridge
heterogeneous
homogeneous
catalysis.
Direct
imaging
methods,
such
as
aberration-corrected
high-angle
annular
dark-field
scanning
transmission
electron
microscopy,
commonly
applied
confirm
the
atomic
dispersion
active
sites.
However,
interpretations
data
from
these
techniques
can
be
challenging
due
simultaneous
contributions
intensity
impurities
introduced
during
synthesis
processes,
well
any
variation
in
position
relative
focal
plane
beam.
To
address
this
matter,
paper
presents
a
comprehensive
study
on
two
representative
SACs
containing
isolated
nickel
or
copper
atoms.
Spectroscopic
techniques,
including
X-ray
absorption
spectroscopy,
were
employed
prove
high
metal
catalytic
Employing
microscopy
combined
with
single-atom-sensitive
energy
loss
we
scrutinized
thin
specimens
provide
unambiguous
chemical
identification
observed
single-atom
species
thereby
distinguish
sites
at
level.
Overall,
underscores
complexity
characterization
establishes
importance
use
spectroscopy
tandem
resolution
fully
reliably
characterize
catalysts.
Abstract
Single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs)
have
rapidly
become
a
hot
topic
in
photocatalytic
research
due
to
their
unique
physical
and
chemical
properties,
high
activity,
selectivity.
Among
many
semiconductor
carriers,
the
special
structure
of
carbon
nitride
(C
3
N
4
)
perfectly
meets
substrate
requirements
for
stabilizing
SACs;
they
can
also
compensate
defects
C
materials
by
modifying
energy
bands
electronic
structures.
Therefore,
developing
advanced
‐based
SACs
is
great
significance.
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
elucidating
efficient
preparation
strategies
burgeoning
applications
SACs.
We
outline
prospective
enhancing
performance
future.
A
comprehensive
array
methodologies
presented
identifying
characterizing
This
includes
an
exploration
potential
atomic
catalytic
mechanisms
through
simulation
regulation
behaviors
synergistic
effects
single
or
multiple
sites.
Subsequently,
forward‐looking
perspective
adopted
contemplate
future
prospects
challenges
associated
with
encompasses
considerations,
such
as
loading,
regulatory
design,
integration
machine
learning
techniques.
It
anticipated
that
review
will
stimulate
novel
insights
into
synthesis
high‐load
durable
SACs,
thereby
providing
theoretical
groundwork
scalable
controllable
field.
Abstract
Graphitic
carbon
nitride
semiconductors
are
inexpensive
and
reusable
photocatalysts,
which
actively
studied
in
organic
synthesis.
Successful
design
of
photocatalytic
reactions
is
based
on
the
next
considerations.
i)
Thermodynamic
feasibility
photoinduced
processes,
involve
transfer
electrons
or
electron‐proton
couples.
ii)
Redox
activity
reagents.
iii)
Reactivity
open‐shell
intermediates
generated
from
Herein,
we
summarize
current
understanding
how
local
chemical
structure
graphitic
nitrides
their
redox
potentials
used
to
reactions.
This
work
intends
serve
as
a
guideline
for
materials
scientists,
who
willing
apply
involving
substrates,
chemists,
interested
dive
into
heterogeneous
photocatalysis.
