Navigating the Brain: Harnessing Endogenous Cellular Hitchhiking for Targeting Neoplastic and Neuroinflammatory Diseases

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(2), С. 101040 - 101040

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Cellular hitchhiking is an emerging therapeutic strategy that uses endogenous cell migration mechanism to deliver therapeutics specific sites in the body. Owing low permeability and presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB), targeted delivery limited, leading inadequate localization brain. NCs fail extravasate significantly into tumor microenvironment (TME), demonstrating poor accumulation penetration. The novel cellular concept has been utilized promote systemic half-life targeting. Neoplastic neuroinflammatory diseases brain, including glioblastoma neuroinflammation, face critical hurdles for efficiently delivering entities owing BBB. can surmount these by utilizing various populations, such as stem cells, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, platelets, potential functional carriers cargo through These carrier cells have innate capability traverse BBB, transit brain parenchyma, specifically reach disease inflammatory neoplastic lesions chemotactic navigation, i.e., movement attributed chemical stimuli. Chemotherapeutic drugs delivered achieve tumor-specific targeting discussed. This article explores types TME with in-depth mechanisms characterization techniques decipher backpack dissociation dynamics (nanoparticle payload detachment characteristics from hitchhiked cells) challenges toward prospective clinical translation.

Язык: Английский

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Self‐Sustained Biophotocatalytic Nano‐Organelle Reactors with Programmable DNA Switches for Combating Tumor Metastasis

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Abstract Metastasis, the leading cause of mortality in cancer patients, presents challenges for conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to its reliance on localized light and oxygen application tumors. To overcome these limitations, a self‐sustained organelle‐mimicking nanoreactor is developed here with programmable DNA switches that enables bio‐chem‐photocatalytic cascade‐driven starvation‐photodynamic synergistic against tumor metastasis. Emulating compartmentalization positional assembly strategies found living cells, this nano‐organelle reactor allows quantitative co‐compartmentalization multiple functional modules designed self‐illuminating chemiexcited PDT system. Within space‐confined nanoreactor, biofuel glucose converted hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ) which enhances luminol‐based chemiluminescence (CL), consequently driving generation photochemical singlet ( 1 via resonance energy transfer. Meanwhile, hemoglobin functions as synchronized supplier both oxidation PDT, while also exhibiting peroxidase‐like activity produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Crucially, keeps switching off normal tissues, on‐demand activation tumors through toehold‐mediated strand displacement. These findings demonstrate self‐sufficient precise striking tumors, promising paradigm managing highly metastatic cancers.

Язык: Английский

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Application of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a crucial analytical tool in the field of oncology, particularly presenting significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment head neck cancer. This Review provides an overview current status prospects SERS applications, highlighting their profound impact on molecular biology-level diagnosis, tissue-level identification, HNC therapeutic monitoring, integration with emerging technologies. The application single-molecule assays such epidermal growth factor receptors PD-1/PD-L1, gene expression analysis, tumor microenvironment characterization is also explored. showcases innovative applications liquid biopsies high-throughput lateral flow analysis ctDNA quantification salivary diagnostics, which can offer rapid highly sensitive suitable immediate detection. At tissue level, enables cancer cell visualization intraoperative margin enhancing surgical precision decision-making. role radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy examined along its use real-time pharmacokinetic studies to monitor response. Furthermore, this delves into synergistic relationship between artificial intelligence, encompassing machine learning deep algorithms, marking dawn new era oncology. genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, single-cell omics at multiomics level will revolutionize our comprehension management HNC. offers transformative impacts examines future directions well dynamic research field.

Язык: Английский

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Tumor Metastasis: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Intervention

MedComm – Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Metastasis remains a leading cause of cancer‐related deaths, defined by complex, multi‐step process in which tumor cells spread and form secondary growths distant tissues. Despite substantial progress understanding metastasis, the molecular mechanisms driving this development effective therapies remain incompletely understood. Elucidating pathways governing metastasis is essential for discovery innovative therapeutic targets. The rapid advancements sequencing technologies expansion biological databases have significantly deepened our drivers associated drug resistance. This review focuses on particularly roles genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, post‐translational modifications progression. We also examine how microenvironment influences metastatic behavior explore emerging strategies, including targeted immunotherapies. Finally, we discuss future research directions, stressing importance novel treatment approaches personalized strategies to overcome improve patient outcomes. By integrating contemporary insights into basis innovation, provides comprehensive framework guide clinical cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Nanomaterials in gastric cancer: pioneering precision medicine for diagnosis, therapy, and prevention

Medical Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 42(4)

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Quantitative immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen dependent on SERS substrate of polymer-silver nanocubes modified with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid: the crucial effect of thiol molecule as internal standard

Talanta, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 294, С. 128252 - 128252

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Peptide-functionalized gold nanostars-assisted single-cell Raman spectra for molecular analysis of tumor metastasis based on cancer stem cells

Talanta, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 286, С. 127525 - 127525

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Aggregation induced emission luminogen bacteria hybrid bionic robot for multimodal phototheranostics and immunotherapy

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Multimodal phototheranostics utilizing single molecules offer a "one-and-done" approach, presenting convenient and effective strategy for cancer therapy. However, therapies based on conventional photosensitizers often suffer from limitations such as photosensitizing mechanism, restricted tumor penetration retention, the requirement multiple irradiations, which significantly constrain their application. In this report, we present an aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) bacteria hybrid bionic robot to address above issues. This is composed of multifunctional AIEgen (INX-2) Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), i.e., EcN@INX-2. The EcN@INX-2 exhibits near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence demonstrates efficient photodynamic photothermal effects, well tumor-targeting capabilities. These features are facilitated by complementary roles INX-2 EcN. successfully enables in vivo multimodal imaging therapy colon models female mice through various mechanisms, including activation anti-tumor immunity, Our study paves avenue designing diagnostic agents targeted image-guided combinational immunotherapy. utility hindered need limited retention. Here, authors these issues developing that activates immunity.

Язык: Английский

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Rationally designed NIR-II excitable and endoplasmic reticulum-targeted molecular phototheranostics for imaging-guided enhanced photoimmunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Март 22, 2025

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of characterized by an extremely poor prognosis. Photoimmunotherapy has emerged as promising strategy for the treatment TNBC. This approach works selectively destroying tumor cells, releasing tumor-associated antigens, activating immune system, and effectively inhibiting proliferation metastasis. However, majority current phototheranostic approaches are hindered limited tissue penetration in first near-infrared (NIR-I) ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) regions. Additionally, due to lack specific subcellular targets, it may be difficult treat deep-seated lesions with ambiguous extensive boundaries caused TNBC metastases. Consequently, development effective, deep-penetrating, organelle-targeted phototheranostics essential enhancing outcomes work proposes novel molecular design NIR-II realize planar rigid conjugation alkyl chain functionalization. The di-hexaalkyl chains vertical configuration on donor (4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b'] dithiophene) shielding units (fluorene) introduced construct S-D-A-D-S type (IR-FCD). structure IR-FCD exhibits robust intramolecular charge transfer capability, lower band gap, enhanced photon absorption properties, significant steric hindrance from vertically arranged minimize non-radiative energy loss. By incorporating N-(but-3-yn-1-yl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide at terminus elongated chain, followed self-assembly into DSPE-S-S-PEG2000, excitable (IR-FCD-Ts NPs) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting capability were successfully synthesized imaging-guided photoimmunotherapy IR-FCD-Ts NPs demonstrate exceptional optical characteristics, maximum 1068 nm (extending 1300 nm) emission 1273 1700 nm), along high molar coefficient 2.76*104 L/mol·c 1064 aqueous solution. Under exposure laser irradiation, exhibit superior photothermal properties have potential photodynamic therapy. ER, thereby inducing ER stress significantly immunogenic cell death (ICD) triggers strong antitumor response inhibits metastasis

Язык: Английский

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Caveolin-1: an ambiguous entity in breast cancer

Molecular Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed in women and second leading cause of death from among women. Metastasis major BC-associated mortality. Accumulating evidence implicates Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a structural protein plasma membrane caveolae, BC metastasis. Cav-1 exhibits dual role, as both tumor suppressor promoter depending on cellular context subtype. This review highlights role modulating glycolytic metabolism, tumor-stromal interactions, apoptosis, senescence. Additionally, stromal Cav-1's expression identified potential prognostic marker, offering insights into its contrasting roles suppression progression. Furthermore, context-dependent effects are explored subtypes including hormone receptor-positive, HER2-positive, triple-negative (TNBC). The further delves regulating metastatic cascade extracellular matrix cell migration invasion, premetastatic niche formation. later sections discuss therapeutic targeting by metabolic inhibitors such betulinic acid compounds. While may be biomarker target, heterogeneous context-specific activity necessitates research to develop precise interventions. Future studies investigating mechanistic metastasis pave way for effective treatment BC.

Язык: Английский

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