Journal of Energy Storage, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 114, С. 115900 - 115900
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Язык: Английский
Fuel, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 337, С. 127032 - 127032
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2022
Hydrogen future depends on large-scale storage, which can be provided by geological formations (such as caverns, aquifers, and depleted oil gas reservoirs) to handle demand supply changes, a typical hysteresis of most renewable energy sources. Amongst them, natural reservoirs are the cost-effective secure solutions due their wide geographic distribution, proven surface facilities, less ambiguous site evaluation. They also require cushion native residual gases serve buffer for pressure maintenance during storage. However, there is lack thorough understanding this technology. This work aims provide comprehensive insight technical outlook into hydrogen storage in reservoirs. It briefly discusses operating potential case studies, thermophysical petrophysical properties withdrawal capacity, immobilization, efficient containment. Furthermore, comparative approach hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide with respect well integrity has been highlighted. A summary key findings, challenges, prospects reported. Based review, hydrodynamics, geochemical, microbial factors subsurface’s principal promoters losses. The injection strategy, reservoir features, quality, operational parameters significantly impact Future works (experimental simulation) were recommended focus hydrodynamics geomechanics aspects related migration, mixing, dispersion improved recovery. Overall, review provides streamlined
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
190
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 95, С. 101066 - 101066
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2022
Hydrogen (H2) is currently considered a clean fuel to decrease anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and will play vital role in climate change mitigation. Nevertheless, one of the primary challenges achieving complete H2 economy large-scale storage H2, which unsafe on surface because highly compressible, volatile, flammable. geological formations could be potential solution this problem abundance such their high capacities. Wettability plays critical displacement formation water determines containment safety, capacity, amount trapped (or recovery factor). However, no comprehensive review article has been published explaining wettability conditions. Therefore, focuses influence various parameters, as salinity, temperature, pressure, roughness, type, and, consequently, storage. Significant gaps exist literature understanding effect organic material capacity. Thus, summarizes recent advances rock/H2/brine systems containing reservoirs. The paper also presents influential parameters affecting capacity including liquid–gas interfacial tension, rock–fluid adsorption. aims provide scientific community with an expert opinion understand identify solutions. In addition, essential differences between underground (UHS), natural storage, carbon dioxide are discussed, direction future research presented. promotes thorough knowledge UHS, provides guidance operating UHS projects, encourages engineers focus more research, overview advanced technology. This inspires researchers field give credit studies.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
157
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52, С. 973 - 1004
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2023
Hydrogen is considered as a promising fuel in the 21st century due to zero tailpipe CO2 emissions from hydrogen-powered vehicles. The use of hydrogen vehicles can play an important role decarbonising transport sector and achieving net-zero targets. However, there exist several issues related production, efficient storage system refuelling infrastructure, where current research focussing on. This study critically reviews analyses recent technological advancements distribution technologies along with their cost associated greenhouse gas emissions. paper also comprehensively discusses methods, identifies fast explores control strategies. Additionally, it explains various standard protocols relation safe refuelling, economic aspects presents infrastructure. suggests that production significantly varies one technology others. fossil sources using most established were estimated at about $0.8–$3.5/kg H2, depending on country production. underground exhibited lowest cost, followed by compressed liquid storage. levelised station was reported be $1.5–$8/kg station's capacity country. Using portable stations identified option many countries for small fleet size low-to-medium duty Following progresses, this end knowledge gaps thereby future directions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
129
Energy storage materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 63, С. 103045 - 103045
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
113
Journal of CO2 Utilization, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 70, С. 102438 - 102438
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023
Recently, interest in developing H2 strategies with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies has surged. Considering that, this paper reviews recent literature on blue H2, a potential low-carbon, short-term solution during the transition period. Three key aspects were focus of paper. First, it presents processes used for production. Second, detailed comparison between natural gas as fuels energy carriers. The third aspect focuses CO2 sequestration depleted reservoirs, an essential step implementing H2. Globally, ∼ 75% is produced using steam methane reforming, which requires CCS to obtain Currently, needs compete other advancing such green solar power, battery storage, etc. Compared liquefied gas, results lower emissions since applied. However, transporting compressed entails higher energy, economic, environmental costs. must be appropriately implemented produce successfully. Due their established capacity trap hydrocarbons over geologic time scales, reservoirs are regarded viable option CCS. Such conclusion supported by several simulation studies field projects many countries. Additionally, there much experience knowledge injection production performance reservoirs. Therefore, existing site infrastructure, converting these formations into undemanding.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
82
Energy Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9, С. 6251 - 6266
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023
The concept of underground gas storage is based on the natural capacity geological formations such as aquifers, depleted oil and reservoirs, salt caverns to store gases. Underground systems can be used inject (NG) or hydrogen, which withdrawn for transport end-users use in industrial processes. Geological additionally securely contain harmful gases, carbon dioxide, deep underground, by means capture sequestration technologies. This paper defines discusses storage, highlighting commercial pilot projects behavior different gases (i.e., CH4, H2, CO2) when stored well associated modeling investigations. For NG/H2 maintenance optimal subsurface conditions efficient necessitates a cushion gas. Cushion injected before injection working (NG/H2). varies type injected. NG H2 operate similarly. However, compared several challenges could faced during due its low molecular mass. widely recognized utilized reference systems. Furthermore, this briefly underground. Most reported studies investigated operating mixture. mixture was studied explore how it affect recovered quality from reservoir. shown influence capacity. By understanding studying system technologies, future directions better management successful operation are thereby highlighted.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
82
Fuel, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 356, С. 129609 - 129609
Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
74
Journal of Energy Storage, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 62, С. 106865 - 106865
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023
The substitution of fossil fuel with clean hydrogen (H2) has been identified as a promising route to achieve net zero carbon emissions by this century. However, enough H2 must be stored underground at an industrial scale objective due the low volumetric energy density H2. In storage, cushion gases, such methane (CH4), are required maintain safe operational formation pressure during withdrawal or injection wetting characteristics geological formations in presence H2, gas, and resultant gas mixture mixing zone between them essential for determining storage capacities. Therefore, present work measured contact angles four Jordanian oil shale rocks CH4, H2-CH4/brine systems their interfacial tension (IFT) (geo-storage) conditions (pressures 0.1 1600 psi temperature 323 K) evaluate residual structural trapping potential efficiency CH4 gas. Various analytical methods were employed comprehend bulk mineralogy, elemental composition, topographic characterization, functional groups, surface properties rocks. total organic (TOC) effect on wettability was demonstrated compared previous studies. samples high ultrahigh TOC 13 % 18 exhibited brine advancing/receding angles. rock became hydrophobic highest experimental (1600 K). rock/CH4/brine higher than rock/H2/brine angles, remained those pure gases. Moreover, IFT displayed inverse trend, where H2/brine CH4/brine IFT. results suggest that geo-storage tested organic-rich source could favorable when is used consistent studies using synthetically acid-aged samples. For first time, from more realistic situation influence missing material H2/brine/rock geo-storage.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
71
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 70, С. 786 - 815
Опубликована: Май 22, 2024
The importance of the energy transition and role green hydrogen in facilitating this cannot be denied. Therefore, it is crucial to pay close attention thoroughly understand storage, which a critical aspect supply chain. In comprehensive review paper, we have undertaken task categorising evaluating various storage technologies across three different scales. These scales include small-scale laboratory-based methods such as metal-based hydrides, physical adsorbents, liquid organic carriers. Also, explore medium large-scale approaches like compressed gaseous hydrogen, cryogenic cryocompressed hydrogen. Lastly, delve into very options salt caverns, aquifers, depleted gas/oil reservoirs, abandoned mines, hard rock caverns. We examined each technology from technical maturity perspectives, well considering its techno-economic viability. It worth noting that development has been ongoing for mechanism; however, numerous economic challenges persist most areas. Particularly, cost per kilogramme current demands careful consideration. recommended metal hydrides (e.g., MgH2, LiBH4) need research enhance their performance. Physical adsorbents limited capacity except activated carbon. Some carriers (LCOHs) are suitable medium-scale near term. Ammonia-borane (AB), with high gravimetric volumetric properties, promising choice pending effective dehydrogenation. shows potential carrier due capacity, stability, solubility, surpassing DOE targets capabilities. Medium-scale utilising gas cylinders advancements liquefied requires reduction measures, strategic Large-scale caverns offering pure further analysis deployment projects mature, but costs reasonable, ranging mostly €0.25/kg €1.5/kg location specific options.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
67
Energies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(1), С. 180 - 180
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2023
The use of hydrogen as an energy carrier within the scope decarbonisation world’s production and utilisation is seen by many integral part this endeavour. However, discussion around technologies often lacks some perspective on currently available technologies, their Technology Readiness Level (TRL), application, important performance parameters, such density or conversion efficiency. This makes it difficult for policy makers investors to evaluate that are most promising. present study aims provide help in respect assessing which used carrier, including its main challenges, needs opportunities a scenario fossil fuels still dominate global sources but renewables expected assume progressively vital role future. green using water electrolysis described detail. Various methods storage referred, underground storage, physical material-based storage. Hydrogen transportation examined, taking into account different methods, volume requirements, distances. Lastly, assessment well-known harnessing from undertaken, gas turbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines, fuel cells. It seems assessed have already achieved satisfactory degree development, several solutions high-pressure while others require maturation, limited life and/or excessive cost various cell suitable operation turbines engines operating with hydrogen. Costs below 200 USD/kWproduced, lives above 50 kh, efficiencies approaching 80% being aimed at electricity Nonetheless, notable advances been these recent years. For instance, solid oxide cells may now sometimes reach up 85% efficiency although range 20 kh. Conversely, proton exchange membrane (PEMFCs) working electrolysers able achieve 80 kh 68%. Regarding hydrogen, maximum slightly lower (72% 55%, respectively). combination losses due production, compression, yields overall could be low 25%, smart applications, those can process waste heat, substantially improve figures. Despite foreseeable future hold significant potential clean demand continues grow, particularly transportation, building heating, power generation, new business prospects emerge. should done careful regard fact need increase technological readiness level before they become viable options. this, emphasis put research, innovation, collaboration among industry, academia, policymakers unlock full vector sustainable economy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
59