Abstract
The
challenges
in
the
fuel
cell
industry
lie
cost,
performance,
and
durability
of
electrode
components,
especially
platinum‐based
catalysts.
Alloying
has
been
identified
as
an
effective
strategy
to
reduce
cost
catalyst
increase
its
efficiency
durability.
So
far,
most
studies
focused
on
design
PtM
bimetallic
nanocatalyst,
where
M
is
a
transition
metal.
resulting
materials
show
higher
catalytic
activity,
but
their
stability
remained
challenging.
In
addition,
metals
are
expensive
or
low
abundant.
Tin
(Sn)
gained
attention
alloying
element
due
versatility
manufacturing
both
anode
cathode
electrodes.
If
used
catalyst,
it
able
overcome
poisoning
from
CO
related
intermediates.
As
improves
kinetics
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR).
Additionally,
Sn
abundant
cheap
element.
current
contribution
outlines
state
art
alloy
shape
effect
PtSn
activity
stability,
demonstrating
high
potential
develop
cheaper,
more
efficient
durable
catalysts
for
fuel‐cell
situ
analytical
spectroscopic
can
shed
light
elementary
steps
involved
use
systems.
Finally,
this
intriguing
material
be
parent
system
synthesis
high‐entropy‐alloys
intermetallics
materials.
Analytical Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024
Understanding
the
dynamic
transformation
processes
of
electrocatalysts
during
electrochemical
reactions
is
crucial
for
development
advanced
materials
energy
conversion
and
storage,
yet
it
remains
a
challenge.
Herein,
we
report
real-time
monitoring
series
layered
Sn
chalcogenides
reduction
using
plasmonic
imaging
method.
Taking
SnSe
Abstract
Electrochemical
ammonia
oxidation
reaction
(AOR)
presents
a
promising
avenue
for
realizing
sustainable
nitrogen
cycling
in
various
energy
and
environmental
applications.
However,
sluggish
catalytic
activity,
catalyst
poisoning
effects,
low
stability
pose
significant
challenges.
Developing
efficient
electrocatalysts
with
high
activity
necessitates
thorough
understanding
of
the
complex
mechanisms
intermediates.
In
this
review,
we
first
discuss
AOR
mechanism
operando/in‐situ
characterization
techniques
employed
elucidating
mechanisms.
Subsequently,
summarize
development
electrocatalysts,
including
noble‐metal‐based
catalysts,
non‐noble‐metal‐based
homogeneous
catalysts.
We
also
highlight
primary
practical
applications
energy,
environment
chemical
production
fields,
direct
fuel
cells,
nitrates,
nitrites,
hydrogen,
wastewater
treatment.
Finally,
based
on
progress
electrochemical
AOR,
challenges
propose
future
directions
advancing
field.
Abstract
Sustainable
ammonia
synthesis,
a
key
focus
in
electrochemistry,
has
seen
significant
advancements
with
the
emergence
of
Metal‐Organic
Frameworks
(MOFs).
This
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
recent
strides
MOF‐based
materials
for
green
production,
reflecting
urgency
to
develop
eco‐friendly
and
energy‐efficient
chemical
commodities.
It
explores
reaction
mechanisms,
emphasizing
importance
structure‐performance
relationships
MOF
optimization
design
electrocatalysts,
including
metal
node
engineering
hybrid
materials.
The
also
highlights
in‐situ
characterization
techniques
that
are
crucial
understanding
catalytic
activity.
establishes
correlation
between
features,
synthesis
methods,
material
performance,
showcasing
their
potential
catalysis.
Finally,
it
identifies
challenges
future
directions
MOFs
aiming
inspire
innovation
towards
sustainable
economically
viable
processes.
Abstract
The
challenges
in
the
fuel
cell
industry
lie
cost,
performance,
and
durability
of
electrode
components,
especially
platinum‐based
catalysts.
Alloying
has
been
identified
as
an
effective
strategy
to
reduce
cost
catalyst
increase
its
efficiency
durability.
So
far,
most
studies
focused
on
design
PtM
bimetallic
nanocatalyst,
where
M
is
a
transition
metal.
resulting
materials
show
higher
catalytic
activity,
but
their
stability
remained
challenging.
In
addition,
metals
are
expensive
or
low
abundant.
Tin
(Sn)
gained
attention
alloying
element
due
versatility
manufacturing
both
anode
cathode
electrodes.
If
used
catalyst,
it
able
overcome
poisoning
from
CO
related
intermediates.
As
improves
kinetics
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR).
Additionally,
Sn
abundant
cheap
element.
current
contribution
outlines
state
art
alloy
shape
effect
PtSn
activity
stability,
demonstrating
high
potential
develop
cheaper,
more
efficient
durable
catalysts
for
fuel‐cell
situ
analytical
spectroscopic
can
shed
light
elementary
steps
involved
use
systems.
Finally,
this
intriguing
material
be
parent
system
synthesis
high‐entropy‐alloys
intermetallics
materials.
