Fundamentals, status and challenges of direct recycling technologies for lithium ion batteries

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(23), С. 8194 - 8244

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Unlike conventional recycling methods that focus on 'extraction', direct aims for 'repair', which necessitates selecting and designing a strategy based the failure mechanisms of spent lithium ion battery materials.

Язык: Английский

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Self-powered recycling of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries via triboelectric nanogenerator

Energy & Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(9), С. 3873 - 3884

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

A self-powered system composed of an electrochemical recycling reactor and a triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed for spent lithium-ion battery with the advantages high purity, self-powering, simplified procedure, profit.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(14)

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Abstract After application in electric vehicles, spent LiFePO 4 (LFP) batteries are typically decommissioned. Traditional recycling methods face economic and environmental constraints. Therefore, direct regeneration has emerged as a promising alternative. However, irreversible phase changes can significantly hinder the efficiency of process owing to structural degradation. Moreover, improper storage treatment practices lead metamorphism, further complicating process. In this study, sustainable recovery method is proposed for electrochemical repair LFP batteries. A ligand‐chain Zn‐complex (ZnDEA) utilized regulator, with its ─NH─ group alternatingly facilitating binding preferential transition metal ions (Fe 3+ during charging Zn 2+ discharging). This dynamic coordination ability helps modulate volume within recovered framework. Consequently, framework store more Li‐ions, enhance reversibility between FePO (FP), modify initial Coulombic efficiency, reduce polarization voltage differences. The cells exhibit excellent capacity retention 96.30% after 1500 cycles at 2 C. ligand chain mechanism promotes evolution facilitate ion migration, providing valuable insights into targeted compensation environmentally friendly practical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Toward Sustainable Lithium Iron Phosphate in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Regeneration Strategies and Their Challenges

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(44)

Опубликована: Май 20, 2024

Abstract In recent years, the penetration rate of lithium iron phosphate batteries in energy storage field has surged, underscoring pressing need to recycle retired LiFePO 4 (LFP) within framework low carbon and sustainable development. This review first introduces economic benefits regenerating LFP power development history LFP, establish necessity recycling. Then, entire life cycle process failure mechanism are outlined. The focus is on highlighting advantages direct recycling technology for materials. Directly materials a very promising solution. spent (S‐LFP) can not only protect environment save resources, but also directly add atoms vacancies missing repair S‐LFP At same time, simply supplementing simplifies recovery improves benefits. status various methods then reviewed terms regeneration process, principles, advantages, challenges. Additionally, it noted that currently its early stages, there challenges alternative directions

Язык: Английский

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Direct and rapid regeneration of spent LiFePO4 cathodes via a high-temperature shock strategy

Journal of Power Sources, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 587, С. 233697 - 233697

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review of efficient recycling for the cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries: process intensification technologies beyond traditional methods

Green Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(3), С. 1170 - 1193

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2023

With the consequent retirement of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), there has been an upsurge in spent LIBs, posing significant challenges to energy, resources, and environment, which led necessity recycle LIBs.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring a sustainable and eco-friendly high-power ultrasonic method for direct regeneration of lithium iron phosphate

Journal of Energy Storage, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 82, С. 110578 - 110578

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A Universal Solution for Direct Regeneration of Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Abstract Lithiation reactions driven by chemical potential offer a promising avenue for directly regenerating degraded lithium iron phosphate (LFP). However, the choice of solution system significantly influences supplementation where improper selection may result in poor recovery or extremely slow kinetics. Herein, it is identified that most critical factor affecting repair effectiveness redox anions solution, which determines whether spent LFP (SLFP) can undergo spontaneous lithiation under ambient conditions. Then, machine learning (ML) used prediction and screening huge systems, finally general strategy proposed: creating low incorporates with either moderate at high concentrations. As demonstration, regenerated ascorbic acid LiOH systems exhibits discharge capacity 144 mAh g −1 1 C, retaining 96% its after 500 cycles 5 C. This work establishes an important criteria designing to restore LFP, marking significant advancement direct regeneration cathode materials from lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).

Язык: Английский

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Closed‐Loop Recycling Methods to Treat Spent Cathode: Efficient and Direct Regeneration

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Abstract Direct regeneration of spent lithium batteries (LIBs) cathodes has emerged as a transformative regimen to address the urgent need for sustainable recycling methods and mitigate critical shortage metal resources driven by escalating LIB demand. Unlike conventional focused on extraction separation, direct restores functionality cathode in situ, streamlining process enhancing efficiency. Effective necessitates comprehensive understanding failure mechanisms pretreatment processes. Critical strategies include reducing (Li) migration barrier enable complete reinsertion into structure minimizing Li‐transition anti‐site defects reconstruct lattice. This review summarizes advancements mechanisms, techniques, cathode, emphasizing principles innovations regeneration. By evaluating advantages limitations current approaches, opportunities are identified innovation overcome existing challenges. Future research priorities proposed advance technologies, fostering more efficient systems.

Язык: Английский

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Recycling of Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Batteries from the End Product Quality Perspective

Batteries, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1), С. 33 - 33

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

As efforts towards greener energy and mobility solutions are constantly increasing, so is the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Their growing market implies an increasing generation of hazardous waste, which contains large amounts electrolyte, often corrosive flammable releases toxic gases, critical raw materials that indispensable to renewable sector, such as lithium. Therefore, it crucial end-of-life LIBs be recycled in a viable way avoid environmental pollution ensure reuse valuable would otherwise lost. Here, we present review recent developments field LIB recycling with LiFePO4 (LFP) chemistry, one fastest-growing fields, especially electromobility sector. Most methods developed not applied industrially due issues complexity, cost, or low quality product. This last issue rarely discussed literature, motivated creation this article, emphasis on positive electrode by direct method resynthesized LFP terms electrochemical performance.

Язык: Английский

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