ACS Materials Au,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1), С. 57 - 71
Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2024
The
integration
of
fluorinated
benzothiadiazole
(FBT)
into
donor–acceptor
(D–A)
copolymers
represents
a
major
advancement
in
the
field
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
fluorination
process
effectively
fine-tunes
energy
levels,
reduces
highest
occupied
molecular
orbital
and
enhances
open-circuit
voltages
polymers.
Furthermore,
improves
packing
crystallinity,
which
significantly
boosts
charge
transport
overall
device
performance.
This
review
provides
detailed
analysis
progress
made
with
FBT-based
polymers
OSCs,
classifying
these
materials
according
to
their
copolymerization
units.
It
discusses
design
strategies
structure–property
relationships
that
have
emerged
as
well
current
challenges
future
directions
for
optimizing
By
offering
comprehensive
overview
existing
research,
this
aims
facilitate
development
high-performance
photovoltaic
materials,
ultimately
contributing
sustainable
solutions.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
64(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024
The
difluorobenzothiadizole
(ffBT)
unit
is
one
of
the
most
classic
electron-accepting
building
blocks
used
to
construct
D-A
copolymers
for
applications
in
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
Historically,
ffBT-based
polymers
have
achieved
record
power
conversion
efficiencies
(PCEs)
fullerene-based
OSCs
owing
their
strong
temperature-dependent
aggregation
(TDA)
characteristics.
However,
excessive
miscibility
and
rapid
kinetics
during
film
formation
hindered
performance
with
state-of-the-art
non-fullerene
acceptors
(NFAs).
Herein,
we
synthesized
two
copolymers,
PffBT-2T
PffBT-4T,
incorporating
different
π-bridges
modulate
intermolecular
interactions
tendencies.
Experimental
theoretical
studies
revealed
that
PffBT-4T
exhibits
reduced
electrostatic
potential
differences
L8-BO
compared
PffBT-2T.
This
facilitates
improved
phase
separation
active
layer,
leading
enhanced
molecular
packing
optimized
morphology.
Moreover,
demonstrated
a
prolonged
nucleation
crystal
growth
process,
Consequently,
PffBT-4T-based
devices
remarkable
PCE
17.5
%,
setting
new
photovoltaic
polymers.
Our
findings
underscore
importance
conjugate
backbone
modulation
controlling
behavior
kinetics,
providing
valuable
insights
design
high-performance
polymer
donors
photovoltaics.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(41), С. 28178 - 28188
Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2024
Conjugated
polymers
are
becoming
popular
near-infrared
II
(NIR-II)
phototheranostic
agents
(PTAs)
due
to
their
numerous
advantages,
such
as
high
photostability,
large
molar
extinction
coefficients,
and
excellent
photothermal
properties.
However,
the
strong
π-π
interactions
between
chains
of
conjugated
resulted
in
generally
low
NIR-II
emission
quantum
yields
(QY).
Therefore,
synthesis
with
QY
is
an
interesting
but
challenging
task.
Herein,
we
proposed
a
spacer
twisting
strategy
realize
ultrabright
polymer
nanoparticles
for
fluorescence
imaging-guided
tumor
phototheranostics.
Theoretical
calculations
indicated
that
PY-IT
has
largest
dihedral
angle
largely
π-conjugated
skeleton
spacer,
which
can
effectively
inhibit
intermolecular
stacking,
resulting
improved
16.5%
nanoparticles.
In
addition,
NPs
perform
imaging
treatment
tumors.
The
work
presents
some
valuable
guides
achieving
polymeric
PTAs
QY.
ABSTRACT
Layer‐by‐layer
(LBL)
process
has
emerged
as
a
promising
method
in
the
advancement
of
organic
photovoltaics,
emphasizing
scalability
and
reproducibility.
More
importantly,
it
provides
enhanced
morphological
control
for
boosting
carrier
mobility
(
μ
)
power
conversion
efficiency.
By
employing
multiscale
approach
that
combined
first‐principles
calculations,
molecular
dynamics
simulations,
kinetic
Monte
Carlo
methods,
relationship
between
LBL
morphology
engineering
donor/acceptor
(PM6/L8‐BO)
thin
films
is
elucidated.
During
solvent
evaporation,
order
solid‐phase
formation
was
top
surface,
bottom
region,
then
middle
region.
The
early
solid
precipitation
from
precursor
solutions
acceptor,
resulting
well‐ordered
arrangement
reducing
energy
disorder
acceptor
LUMO
levels.
Furthermore,
difference
disorders
A/D
blend
region
pure
A
or
D
domains
enabled
to
balance
electron
hole
mobilities,
thereby
mitigating
charge
accumulation
recombination.
LBL‐manufactured
presented
higher
=
1.9
×
10
−3
cm
2
V
−1
s
compared
bulk
heterojunction
(BHJ)
>
0.1
·V
).
These
mechanisms
provided
insights
into
strategies
enhancing
extraction
photo‐generated
carriers
through
engineering,
driving
development
efficient
photovoltaic
materials.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025
Abstract
Organic
solar
cells
(OSCs)
are
regarded
as
one
of
the
most
promising
flexible
power
sources
due
to
their
lightweight
and
properties,
with
improvement
photovoltaic
mechanical
performance.
To
improve
current
density
conversion
efficiency
(PCE),
mPh4F‐TS
(TS)
PYSe2F‐T
(PA)
introduced
into
binary
host,
PM6/mPh4F‐TT
(PM6/TT)
third
components.
It
is
demonstrated
that
corresponding
ternary
devices,
in
both
rigid
achieved
superior
efficiencies
(19.6%/17.7%
for
PM6/TT+TS,
19.2%/17.4%
PM6/TT+PA)
outperform
counterparts
(18.3%/16.4%).
However,
distinct
differences
performance
observed
between
polymer
acceptor
small‐molecular
(TS).
The
PM6/TT+PA
significantly
improved
stability
devices
a
lower
elastic
modulus
3.6
GPa,
while
PM6/TT+TS
resulted
opposite
effect
higher
5.5
GPa.
Through
in‐depth
investigation,
clear
correlation
modulus,
crack
density,
active
layer
blends
successfully
established,
revealing
key
role
reducing
enhancing
OSCs.
This
study
provides
important
guidance
development
high
robustness.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
ABSTRACT
Insufficiency
of
energy
resources
affects
the
economy
and
constitutes
a
global
crisis.
Solar
represents
an
immense
renewable
source,
various
photovoltaic
cells,
such
as
polymer
solar
are
being
developed
to
tap
make
it
available
for
consumption.
This
work
describes
synthesized
anthracene‐conjugated
polymers
with
alkoxyl
side‐chain
distributions
via
Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons
polyolefination
reactions.
Nuclear
magnetic
resonance
(NMR),
size
exclusion
chromatography
(SEC),
x‐ray
diffraction
(XRD)
were
used
characterize
polymers.
Electrochemical
optical
bandgaps
determined
by
cyclic
voltammetry
(CV),
while
absorption
measurements
performances
studied
using
different
optoelectrical
characterizations.
The
side
chains
impacted
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE),
open‐circuit
voltage
(
V
OC
),
short‐circuit
current
density
J
SC
fill
factor
(FF)
optoelectronic
since
they
can
reduce
electron
deficiency
end
group
moiety,
leading
larger
bandgap.
properties
suggested
considerable
improvement
elaborated
cells'
performance
based
on
overcasts,
specifically
methanol
l
‐arginine
dissolved
in
methanol.
newly
exhibit
optimizable
promising
characteristics.
