Flow Virometry in Wastewater Monitoring: Comparison of Virus-like Particles to Coliphage, Pepper Mild Mottle Virus, CrAssphage, and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus DOI Creative Commons
Melis M. Johnson,

C. Winston Bess,

Rachel Olson

и другие.

Viruses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(4), С. 575 - 575

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Flow virometry (FVM) offers a promising approach for monitoring viruses and virus-like particles (VLPs) in environmental samples. This study compares levels of non-specific VLPs across wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with somatic coliphage, (F+) specific Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV), CrAssphage (CrAss), Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit (ToBRFV). All targets were quantified influent, secondary-treated effluent, tertiary-treated effluent at the University California, Davis Wastewater Treatment Plant (UCDWWTP) over 11 weeks. We established an FVM-gating boundary using bacteriophages T4 ϕ6 as well four phages isolated from wastewater. then utilize alongside three submicron beads quality controls FVM assay. Coliphage was measured by standard plaque assays, genome copies PMMoV, CrAss, ToBRFV digital droplet (dd)PCR. results revealed distinct microbial profiles each stage. However, correlations between targeted poor. Trends virus inactivation removal, observed during treatment, consistent expectations. Conversely, VLP counts elevated WWTP relative to influent. Additional sampling decrease filtration step following secondary but substantial increase ultraviolet disinfection. Defining application boundaries remain crucial ensuring meaningful data interpretation flow cytometry take on greater significance water monitoring.

Язык: Английский

Flow Virometry in Wastewater Monitoring: Comparison of Virus-like Particles to Coliphage, Pepper Mild Mottle Virus, CrAssphage, and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus DOI Creative Commons
Melis M. Johnson,

C. Winston Bess,

Rachel Olson

и другие.

Viruses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(4), С. 575 - 575

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Flow virometry (FVM) offers a promising approach for monitoring viruses and virus-like particles (VLPs) in environmental samples. This study compares levels of non-specific VLPs across wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with somatic coliphage, (F+) specific Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV), CrAssphage (CrAss), Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit (ToBRFV). All targets were quantified influent, secondary-treated effluent, tertiary-treated effluent at the University California, Davis Wastewater Treatment Plant (UCDWWTP) over 11 weeks. We established an FVM-gating boundary using bacteriophages T4 ϕ6 as well four phages isolated from wastewater. then utilize alongside three submicron beads quality controls FVM assay. Coliphage was measured by standard plaque assays, genome copies PMMoV, CrAss, ToBRFV digital droplet (dd)PCR. results revealed distinct microbial profiles each stage. However, correlations between targeted poor. Trends virus inactivation removal, observed during treatment, consistent expectations. Conversely, VLP counts elevated WWTP relative to influent. Additional sampling decrease filtration step following secondary but substantial increase ultraviolet disinfection. Defining application boundaries remain crucial ensuring meaningful data interpretation flow cytometry take on greater significance water monitoring.

Язык: Английский

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