Adsorption, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024
Abstract This study investigated the utilization of a unique oil shale as sorbent for removal 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solutions. The influence various process parameters, including contact time, sorbent/liquid ratio, pH, and temperature, on sorption was evaluated. results indicated near-complete 2,4-DCP within 24 h. Favorable observed either at ratio 1:10, elevated temperatures (40 °C), or lower pH values (pH = 5) examined range. maximum adsorption capacity 40 °C has potential to reach up 20.0 µmol/g. Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips isotherms were applied experimental data, but isotherm provided superior fit, suggesting heterogeneous sorption. Kinetic studies revealed two-stage process: intraparticle diffusion dominated initial stage, whereas other rate-limiting mechanisms may have contributed second stage. first- second-order kinetic models suggested combined mechanism. According thermodynaic study, spontaneous exothermic, by negative Gibbs free energy change enthalpy change, which suggest that physisorption predominated. These findings demonstrate an unconventional cost-effective sorbent, potentially serving substitute activated carbon in removal. Graphical abstract
Язык: Английский