Abstract
Refractory
metal‐based
MXenes
refer
to
with
M
as
a
refractory
metal.
Due
their
high
conductivity,
large
specific
surface
area,
multiple
active
sites,
photothermal
conversion
efficiency,
adjustable
groups,
and
controllable
nanolayer
spacing,
they
hold
broad
application
prospects
in
various
fields
such
photoelectrocatalysis,
biomedicine,
water
treatment,
electromagnetic
shielding,
sensors.
The
unique
physical
properties
of
are
related
electronic
crystal
structures.
interstitial
layer
causes
the
carbides
exhibit
different
behavior
compared
original
At
same
time,
preparation
methods
have
great
influence
on
interlayer
spacing
termination
MXenes,
thus
affecting
performance.
This
review
systematically
summarizes
latest
progress
frontier
applications
offering
new
insights
for
further
development.
Additionally,
characterization
techniques
first‐principles
calculations
summarized,
which
crucial
optimizing
catalysis,
energy
storage,
In
summary,
current
challenges
future
development
Mxenes
addressed,
aiming
provide
indispensable
information
intelligent
design
2D
materials
future.
ACS Applied Nano Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
This
study
reports
the
synthesis
and
detailed
characterization
of
a
Ti3C2Tx
sheets/NiFe2O4
ferrite
nanocomposite
designed
to
enhance
bifunctional
electrocatalytic
water
splitting.
Utilizing
facile
hydrothermal
approach,
effectively
combines
exceptional
electrical
conductivity
high
surface
area
MXene
sheets
with
outstanding
catalytic
properties
NiFe2O4
nanoparticles.
Comprehensive
through
X-ray
diffraction
(XRD),
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM),
transmission
(TEM)
confirmed
successful
integration
nanoparticles
onto
nanosheets.
Furthermore,
photoelectron
spectroscopy
(XPS)
revealed
significant
electronic
interactions
between
substrate
nanoparticles,
which
are
critical
observed
enhancement
in
performance.
Electrochemical
evaluations
demonstrated
that
synthesized
Ti3C2Tx/NiFe2O4@20%
(MNFO20)
exhibits
remarkable
activity,
achieving
an
overpotential
181
mV
for
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER)
157
hydrogen
(HER)
at
current
density
10
mA
cm–2
both
alkaline
acidic
environments.
Notably,
exhibited
excellent
stability,
retaining
its
performance
after
3000
cycles.
The
synergistic
interaction
nanosheet
nanoparticle
leads
optimized
adsorption
energies
intermediates,
thereby
enhancing
overall
efficiency.
work
introduces
strategy
developing
high-performance
cost-effective
electrocatalysts
water-splitting
applications,
contributing
advancements
renewable
energy
technologies.
The
MXene,
which
is
usually
transition
metal
carbide,
nitride,
and
carbonitride,
one
of
the
emerging
family
2D
materials,
exhibiting
considerable
potential
across
various
research
areas.
Despite
theoretical
versatility,
practical
application
MXene
prohibited
due
to
its
spontaneous
oxidative
degradation.
This
review
meticulously
discusses
factors
influencing
oxidation
MXenes,
considering
both
thermodynamic
kinetic
point
view.
mechanisms
are
systematically
introduced,
based
on
experimental
models.
Typically,
surfaces
edges
MXenes
susceptible
oxidation,
as
surface
terminal
groups
easily
attacked
by
oxygen
water
molecules,
ultimately
leading
structural
deformation.
To
retard
degradation,
ligand
mediated
surface/edge
passivation
suggested
a
promising
strategy.
In
this
regard,
detailed
strategies
for
explained
types
chemistry
at
MXene-ligand
interface-covalent
bonding,
electrostatic
interactions,
hydrogen
bonding-and
type
stabilizing
moieties-organic,
inorganic,
biomolecules,
polymers.
retardation
discussed
in
relation
with
interaction
passivating
moiety.
aims
catalyze
future
identify
efficient
cost-effective
ligands
engineering
enhancing
their
stability.
