Manganese in South Africa: its mineral economics, geology and geometallurgy DOI
Bjorn P. von der Heyden, Albertus J.B. Smith, Harilaos Tsikos

и другие.

South African Journal of Geology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 127(4), С. 765 - 796

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Abstract Manganese (Mn) is a crucial metal for steelmaking and increasingly being sought after its use in the battery clean-energy sectors. Through discovery of Kalahari Field (KMF), world’s largest land-based Mn resource, South Africa has positioned itself as major player global supply chain. However, only fraction this total resource currently exploited, opportunities further exploitation KMF at several other deposits occurrences throughout remain to be realised. To consolidate scientific industrial interest entire African base, present contribution provides holistic overview (1) mineral economics, (2) processes that give rise enrichment crustal rocks, (3) palaeoenvironmental implications enrichments, (4) geology domestic occurrences, (5) geometallurgical processing paradigms applicable full value realisation from these diverse ore types. are broadly subdivided into those formed chemical sedimentary subsequent diagenesis (e.g., KMF, deep-sea nodules crusts); residual enrichments weathering Mn-bearing protolith North West Fields); through mobilisation by hydrothermal fluids groundwater vein breccia-hosted fractured lithologies Cape Supergroup, Waterberg Group, etc.). Because differences mechanisms deposit formation, because various valence ligand bonding interactions associated with Mn, resultant mineralogy individual groups widely varied. Primary sediments typically comprise Mn2+ carbonates, braunite occasionally silicates, which may locally upgraded Mn2+/3+ oxide minerals hypogene enrichment. Low temperature deposits, including nodules, groundwater-associated accumulations marked Mn4+ parageneses, subsequently modified regional metamorphism. Inasmuch grade primary variable governing economic extraction, growing body work highlights will achieved targeted mineralogical diversity. This includes coordination impact energy consumption reagent utilisation during down-stream processing.

Язык: Английский

Regulating the Manganese Valence State Improves the Kinetic Properties of Manganese‐Based Cathodes DOI
Jiahui Zhang, Haocheng Yuan,

Zuoyu Qin

и другие.

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2024

Abstract Manganese (Mn)‐based lithium (Li)‐ion batteries with high energy density and low cost have recently attracted considerable attention. One drawback of Mn‐based is the severe capacity attenuation caused by Jahn‐Teller effect, which distorts crystal structure reduces kinetics Li‐ion insertion/extraction in cathodes. In this study, Mn valence state regulated on surface oxide particles oxygen vacancies are introduced to facilitate rapid transport charge storage adding succinonitrile (SN) Because reaction between SN cathode particles, contents 3+ ions increase, leading an improvement kinetic properties cathodes as well a reduction dissolution from By regulating state, Li metal LiMn 2 O 4 or Li‐rich layered show significantly enhanced discharge improved cyclic performance. This study demonstrates that effective strategy for enhancing electrochemical performance cost‐effective method mass production.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Sodium-Ion Storage in Na4VMn(PO4)3/C Porous Nanorods Electrode DOI
Hongbo Wang, Jiayi Zhang, Jingjing Sun

и другие.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024

Na

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Recent Advances in Aqueous Manganese-based Flow Batteries DOI
Xiaoyi Wang, Zihan Yu, Yitong Niu

и другие.

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 101637 - 101637

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Manganese in South Africa: its mineral economics, geology and geometallurgy DOI
Bjorn P. von der Heyden, Albertus J.B. Smith, Harilaos Tsikos

и другие.

South African Journal of Geology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 127(4), С. 765 - 796

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Abstract Manganese (Mn) is a crucial metal for steelmaking and increasingly being sought after its use in the battery clean-energy sectors. Through discovery of Kalahari Field (KMF), world’s largest land-based Mn resource, South Africa has positioned itself as major player global supply chain. However, only fraction this total resource currently exploited, opportunities further exploitation KMF at several other deposits occurrences throughout remain to be realised. To consolidate scientific industrial interest entire African base, present contribution provides holistic overview (1) mineral economics, (2) processes that give rise enrichment crustal rocks, (3) palaeoenvironmental implications enrichments, (4) geology domestic occurrences, (5) geometallurgical processing paradigms applicable full value realisation from these diverse ore types. are broadly subdivided into those formed chemical sedimentary subsequent diagenesis (e.g., KMF, deep-sea nodules crusts); residual enrichments weathering Mn-bearing protolith North West Fields); through mobilisation by hydrothermal fluids groundwater vein breccia-hosted fractured lithologies Cape Supergroup, Waterberg Group, etc.). Because differences mechanisms deposit formation, because various valence ligand bonding interactions associated with Mn, resultant mineralogy individual groups widely varied. Primary sediments typically comprise Mn2+ carbonates, braunite occasionally silicates, which may locally upgraded Mn2+/3+ oxide minerals hypogene enrichment. Low temperature deposits, including nodules, groundwater-associated accumulations marked Mn4+ parageneses, subsequently modified regional metamorphism. Inasmuch grade primary variable governing economic extraction, growing body work highlights will achieved targeted mineralogical diversity. This includes coordination impact energy consumption reagent utilisation during down-stream processing.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0