Balance between bile acid conjugation and hydrolysis activity can alter outcomes of gut inflammation

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Conjugated bile acids (BAs) are multi-functional detergents in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract produced by liver enzyme acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (BAAT) and microbiome from acyltransferase activity of salt hydrolase (BSH). Humans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an enrichment both host microbially conjugated BAs (MCBAs), but their impacts on GI inflammation not well understood. We investigated role host-conjugated a mouse model colitis using BAAT knockout background. Baat-/- KO mice severe phenotypes that were rescued supplementation taurocholate (TCA). Gene expression histology showed this rescue was due to improved epithelial barrier integrity goblet cell function. However, metabolomics also TCA resulted extensive metabolism secondary BAs. therefore BSH diverse gut bacteria panel found broad hydrolytic capacity depending bacterium amino conjugate. The complexity microbial BA hydrolysis led exploration bsh genes metagenomic data human IBD patients. Certain sequences enriched people Crohn's particularly Ruminococcus gnavus. This study shows may provide benefits those IBD, is dictated delicate balance between conjugation/deconjugation based present.

Язык: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Bile Acids and Intestinal Epithelium: Multidimensional Roles of Farnesoid X Receptor and Takeda G Protein Receptor 5

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(9), С. 4240 - 4240

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

Bile acids and their corresponding intestinal epithelial receptors, the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), G protein-coupled bile acid (TGR5), play crucial roles in physiological pathological processes of cells. These receptors are involved regulation absorption, signal transduction, cellular proliferation repair, senescence, energy metabolism, modulation gut microbiota. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, employing keywords such as acid, receptor, FXR (nr1h4), TGR5 (gpbar1), cells, proliferation, differentiation, microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), irritable syndrome (IBS), with a focus on publications available English. This review examines diverse effects signaling pathways metabolism Additionally, it explores interactions between acids, well implications these for host health, particularly relation to prevalent diseases. Finally, highlights importance developing highly specific ligands context metabolic disorders.

Язык: Английский

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The potential influence and intervention measures of gut microbiota on sperm: it is time to focus on testis-gut microbiota axis

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2024

As the global male infertility rate continues to rise, there is an urgent imperative investigate underlying causes of sustained deterioration in sperm quality. The gut microbiota emerges as a pivotal factor host health regulation, with mounting evidence highlighting its dual influence on semen. This review underscores interplay between Testis-Gut axis and consequential effects sperm. Potential mechanisms driving impact encompass immune modulation, inflammatory responses mediated by endotoxins, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, microbiota-derived metabolites, epigenetic modifications, regulatory sex hormone signaling. Interventions such probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal transplantation, Traditional natural herbal extracts are hypothesized rectify dysbiosis, offering avenues modulate enhance Spermatogenesis motility. Future investigations should delve into elucidating foundational principles governing interaction within Axis. Understanding modulating Axis may yield novel therapeutic strategies fertility combat decline

Язык: Английский

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The role of glycans in health and disease: Regulators of the interaction between gut microbiota and host immune system

Seminars in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 73, С. 101891 - 101891

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

The human gut microbiota is home to a diverse collection of microorganisms that has co-evolved with the host immune system in which host-microbiota interactions are essential preserve health and homeostasis. Evidence suggests perturbation this symbiotic host-microbiome relationship contributes onset major diseases such as chronic inflammatory including Inflammatory Bowel Disease. glycocalyx (repertoire glycans/sugar-chains at surface mucosa) constitutes biological physical interface between intestinal mucosa microorganisms, well system. Glycans an niche for colonization thus important modulator host-microorganism both homeostasis disease. In review, we discuss role glycome instrumental pathway regulates but also inflammation transition. We power glycosylation remodelling attractive preventive therapeutic strategy

Язык: Английский

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Association of gastrointestinal microbiome and obesity with gestational diabetes mellitus-an updated globally based review of the high-quality literatures

Nutrition and Diabetes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 21, 2024

The purpose of this review is to investigate the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiome, obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in an objective manner.

Язык: Английский

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