NHS and the whole of society must act on social determinants of health for a healthier future

BMJ, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. e079389 - e079389

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

The UK is facing a prolonged and serious health crisis.At time when the future of NHS in jeopardy after over decade austerity, with public satisfaction at an all low, 1 it must pick up pieces failures across government.Attaining good requires more than healthcare, improvements provision healthcare by alone inadequate to address crisis-action needed on social determinants 2 (box 1). Box 1: Definition 3The are defined World Health Organization as: "the conditions which people born, grow, live, work, age, wider set forces systems shaping daily life.These include economic policies systems, development agendas, norms, policies, political systems.

Язык: Английский

---

Observational Studies of Exposure to Tobacco and Nicotine Products: Best Practices for Maximizing Statistical Precision and Accuracy

iScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(3), С. 111985 - 111985

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025

Non-randomized observational studies can track risk-induction and -reduction associated with real-world use of non-combusted nicotine tobacco products. The objective this analysis was to evaluate the precision accuracy recent identify opportunities for further optimizing future study designs. ROBINS framework minimizing statistical bias translated specific considerations that spanned selection quantification cohorts, exposure, outcomes. These principles were then considered within context a comprehensive meta-analysis, representing 107 studies, which evaluated effects using electronic cigarettes (ECs), combusted (CCs) dual both. meta-analysis had previously reported relative risk from all-sources, including non-tobacco use. We now report product use-specific displacing CCs ECs indicated primary references, along observations regarding characterization CC EC exposure in cited studies.

Язык: Английский

---

Vaping in Youth

JAMA, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 332(9), С. 749 - 749

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024

This JAMA Insights reviews the health effects of vaping among youth in US and current recommendations for screening treatment.

Язык: Английский

---

Birthdate-based commercial tobacco sales restrictions: will ‘tobacco-free generation’ policies advance or delay the endgame?

Tobacco Control, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. tc - 058716

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024

Endgame thinking means transitioning from merely trying to ‘control’ the tobacco epidemic developing plans and measures bring it an end within a specific time, by changing underlying dynamics that have created perpetuated for more than century. Among innovative policies characterised as ‘endgame’ are so-called ‘tobacco-free generation’ or ‘smoke-free policies, which prohibit sales of some all products individuals born on after particular date. Such birthdate-based restrictions (BSR) intuitive appeal, largely because they do not appreciably disrupt status quo retail sales, continue unchanged those before designated cut-off They also hold potential further denormalising use anticipating long-term sales. In this Special Communication, we analyse BSR through endgame lens propose questions should be discussed in jurisdictions considering them. We suggest policy has underexamined pitfalls, particularly related equity, if enacted, include guardrails part package measures.

Язык: Английский

---

Medizinische Fachgesellschaften fordern ein Verbot von Aromen in E-Zigaretten

Pneumologie, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 78(05), С. 320 - 324

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Zusammenfassung E-Zigaretten werden v. a. von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen konsumiert. Aromen in erhöhen deren Attraktivität fördern den Einstieg Konsum. Dadurch insbesondere junge Menschen dem Risiko einer Nikotinabhängigkeit vielfältigen toxischen Substanzen aus Aerosol der ausgesetzt. Es gibt Hinweise, dass verschiedene gesundheitsschädlich sind, wobei für die Mehrheit bislang toxikologische Untersuchungen noch fehlen. Hier besteht ein Bedarf unabhängige wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen. Die beteiligten wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaften fordern Verbot E-Zigaretten, Einweg-E-Zigaretten, eine wirksame Regulierung des Verkaufs Kontrolle Umsetzung Bestimmungen Jugendschutzes.

---

Historical and political context for Philip Morris International’s continuing medical education courses on harm reduction

Tobacco Control, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. tc - 059015

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

In 2024, Philip Morris International’s (PMI) website stated they support ‘independent’ continuing medical education courses on harm reduction for and other healthcare professionals. These mirrored industry marketing political strategies by presenting smokeless tobacco products e-cigarettes as alternatives to smoking, sometimes without mentioning cessation. The enactment of the US Family Smoking Tobacco Control Act gave Food Drug Agency jurisdiction over included industry’s ‘continuum risk’ frame, emboldened companies make claims about these products, which had previously avoided fear triggering restrictive regulation cigarettes. Opposition from public health community in USA beyond led one large company that partnered with PMI offer withdraw. Foundation a Smoke-Free World (renamed Global Action End 2024) created also funded non-profit develop reduction. accrediting bodies do not have policies against certifying tobacco-sponsored courses, there needs be ongoing vigilance such efforts around world well secure at organisations accredit efforts.

Язык: Английский

---

Interessengesteuertes Framing: Die Sprache der Nikotinindustrie

Pneumologie, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Zusammenfassung Der Konsum konventioneller Tabakprodukte ist seit Jahren rückläufig. In der Folge hat sich die Tabak- und Nikotinindustrie neue Märkte erschlossen führt nun eine Reihe verschiedener Nikotinprodukte in ihrem Portfolio. Es soll dargestellt werden, wie gezielt Sprache dazu nutzt, Bewusstsein zu schaffen als vermeintlich weniger risikoreich charakterisieren traditionelle Tabakprodukte. Das interessengesteuerte Framing wird anhand zentraler Begrifflichkeiten, Industrie eingeführt hat, exemplifiziert. Von eingeführte Begriffe „risikoreduziert“, „rauch- tabakfrei“, „dampfen“, „alternative Produkte“ können gezielte Marketingstrategie verstanden das Risiko, mit dem von E-Zigaretten, Tabakerhitzern anderen Produkten verbunden ist, verharmlosen. Die es erreicht, dass für neu eingeführten freundliche beruhigende Terminologie durchgesetzt hat. große Herausforderung, diese durch Nomenklatur ersetzen, Gesundheitsrisiken, insbesondere Abhängigkeits- Gesundheitsgefahr des Konsums dieser adäquat beschreibt. Entsprechende Vorschläge werden unterbreitet.

---

Preventing and addressing youth vaping in British Columbia, Canada: Evidence from triangulation of a scoping review of vaping policy and qualitative interviews with school-aged youth

Preventive Medicine Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 51, С. 102988 - 102988

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Reducción de daños en tabaco: ¿realidad o marketing?

Medicina Clínica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

---

Association of e-cigarette and cigarette use with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a multivariable analysis of a large United States data set

Respiratory Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

---