The effect of the universal two-child policy on the gender wage gap in urban China DOI
Qian Huang, Xiaofei Jin,

Ziang Fan

и другие.

The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Abstract On 1 January 2016, China further relaxed its family planning policy and adopted the universal two-child policy, which allows any Chinese couple to have two children address country’s increasingly severe ageing problems low fertility. With this shift comes a direct profound impact on society, especially women; paper evaluates effect of gender wage gap mechanism. Several major conclusions emerge from analysis. The significantly expands urban by 12.86% in low-policy-fertility-rate (PFR) provinces versus high-PFR provinces. Evidently, it increases among younger or lower-educated people. Moreover, severity discrimination labour market after implementation is rising, deserves attention.

Язык: Английский

“Fertility fear” on Chinese social media: The disciplined female reproductive bodies and resistance towards motherhood DOI

Z. Han

Continuum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Despite China's shift to the 'comprehensive two-child' policy in 2019, fertility rates continue decline. This study examines discourse of 'fertility fear' (kongyu 恐育) among young, unmarried Chinese women, particularly on social media platforms like Weibo, RED, and Douban. By analysing trending hashtags such as #Marriage Fertility Fear, explores anxieties surrounding motherhood. Anchored theoretical frameworks biopolitics feminist studies motherhood, it historical current state controls over female reproductive autonomy. The discusses how patriarchal norms societal pressures enforce strict timelines, stigmatizing deviations maintaining gender inequalities. Online discourses often blame male irresponsibility for fears while overlooking systemic issues inadequate family policies capitalist labour dynamics. Moreover, antithetical narrative dichotomy between childless women mothers reflects a broader rejection traditional motherhood constructs, with latter criticized capitulating dictates. dissecting discourse, this illuminates interplay policies, norms, personal agency decisions. It provides insights into evolving dynamics gender, autonomy post-reform China, emphasizing need address both individual structural aspects governance.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

The big heroine genre: motherhood and the maternal body in postsocialist Chinese television DOI
Chelsea Wenzhu Xu

Medical Humanities, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50(2), С. 332 - 342

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

This article explores the feminist social critique in ‘big heroine’ drama, a newly emerged genre of television that focuses on empowering yet dramatic stories urban women contemporary China. The theorises as site ongoing contestations to inform and women’s maternal reality neoliberal, pronatalist big heroine is situated postsocialist structure feeling defined by alienation precarity, responding China’s need stabilise emerging population crisis labour shortage. Using popular instance within genre, Left Right (2022), case study, argues show validates legitimacy anxieties challenges maternity then invites viewers engage multifaceted analysis intricate web structural injustices experience pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum having second child. By doing so, it not only resonates with viewers’ yearning for recognition empathy but also stimulates broader discourse new persisting I conclude genre’s contradictory contingent nature mirrors complexities Chinese party-state’s attempt navigate ideological instability surrounding motherhood. progressive its alternative imagination kinship care networks navigating moral, medical, cultural dilemmas body motherhood moment state’s transitioning into more aggressive form pronatalism.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1

Demographic transition in South Korea: implications of falling birth rates DOI Creative Commons
Chae Young Kim, Sung-Hoon Chung

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 67(10), С. 498 - 509

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

This review examines the critical issues of declining total fertility rates (TFRs) and aging populations in East Asia with special focus on South Korea. It provides a comprehensive analysis TFR trends, demographics, policy responses these nations to low-fertility crisis. study highlights intricate tapestry factors contributing demographic shifts, including economic, social, cultural influences. also effectiveness various prenatal policies implemented across countries, offering insight into their successes limitations. Furthermore, it explores role immigration as potential solution structural challenges posed by low birth rates. underscores importance multifaceted strategies for addressing complex faced

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1

Research on the Impact of Implementing the Three Child Policy: Perspective from a Social and Economic DOI Creative Commons

Keyu Xu

Advances in Economics Management and Political Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 53(1), С. 46 - 51

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2023

Over the past decade, China has seen a decline in birth rate as well an aging population. In May,2021, Chinese government announced three-child policy to further restore demographic structure following failure of two-child policy. Using latest data collected from National Bureau Statistics, Statista, World bank and Global data, this paper examines effect on raising fertility female labor market. According quantitative analysis, it is found that been almost ineffective increasing date, did not improve intention for young couples have more children. Based indeed reduced employment worsened gender discrimination workplace, which widened wage gap. Therefore, these studies also provide some theoretical practical measures safeguard rights ensure sustainable development. Approaches are presented better understand consequences promoting them.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2

Grandparental childcare and maternal labor supply in Chinese families with young children: Evidence from the China Family Panel Studies DOI
Bai Hua,

Min Li,

Yu Hong

и другие.

International Sociology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(4), С. 486 - 509

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

With the implementation of three-child policy and delayed retirement policy, conflicts between childcare responsibility mothers’ labor supply in China have increased dramatically. The present study utilized data from 2018 Family Panel Studies to investigate impacts grandparental on mothers with children aged 0–6 years. results Probit model Tobit indicated that could significantly increase mother’s force participation rate extend their weekly working hours. relation one-child families was stronger compared multi-child families. However, its hours smaller than Furthermore, effect more pronounced when were younger, particularly for those 0–2 findings highlight important role several implications family support policies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

The effect of the universal two-child policy on the gender wage gap in urban China DOI
Qian Huang, Xiaofei Jin,

Ziang Fan

и другие.

The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Abstract On 1 January 2016, China further relaxed its family planning policy and adopted the universal two-child policy, which allows any Chinese couple to have two children address country’s increasingly severe ageing problems low fertility. With this shift comes a direct profound impact on society, especially women; paper evaluates effect of gender wage gap mechanism. Several major conclusions emerge from analysis. The significantly expands urban by 12.86% in low-policy-fertility-rate (PFR) provinces versus high-PFR provinces. Evidently, it increases among younger or lower-educated people. Moreover, severity discrimination labour market after implementation is rising, deserves attention.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0