Open Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract A hybrid nanofluid is a kind of that made by combining base fluid with two distinct types nanomaterials. Compared to nanofluids, they have been discovered better thermal properties and stability, which makes them viable options for applications such as heat sinks, solar systems, automotive cooling energy storage. Moreover, the research nanofluids typically limited models partial differential equations integer order, neglect heredity characteristics memory effect. To overcome these shortcomings, this study seeks enhance our understanding transfer in considering fractional Maxwell models. In time-fractional problems, one most significant useful tools Caputo derivative. Therefore, fractional-order derivatives are approximated using However, integer-order discretized an implicit finite difference method, namely, Crank–Nicolson method. It unconditionally stable second-order method time. The impact pertinent flow parameters on motion examined displayed numerous graphs. results indicate volume concentration nanoparticles boosts temperature Nusselt number. increasing magnetic parameter increases Lorentz’s resistive forces, reduces velocity raises fluid, effects more dominant at t = 5 t=5 .

Язык: Английский