Extending the natural adaptive capacity of coral holobionts

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2(11), С. 747 - 762

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Hidden heatwaves and severe coral bleaching linked to mesoscale eddies and thermocline dynamics

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Abstract The severity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) that are increasingly impacting ocean ecosystems, including vulnerable coral reefs, has primarily been assessed using remotely sensed sea-surface temperatures (SSTs), without information relevant to heating across ecosystem depths. Here, a rare combination SST, high-resolution in-situ temperatures, and sea level anomalies observed over 15 years near Moorea, French Polynesia, we document subsurface MHWs have paradoxical in comparison SST metrics associated with unexpected bleaching Variations the depth range was driven by mesoscale (10s 100s km) eddies altered levels thermocline depths decreased (2007, 2017 2019) or increased (2012, 2015, 2016) internal-wave cooling. Pronounced eddy-induced reductions internal waves during early 2019 contributed prolonged MHW unexpectedly severe bleaching, subsequent mortality offsetting almost decade recovery. Variability eddy fields, thus depths, is expected increase climate change, which, along strengthening deepening stratification, could occurrence ecosystems historically insulated from surface cooling effects waves.

Язык: Английский

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A roadmap to integrating resilience into the practice of coral reef restoration

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(16), С. 4751 - 4764

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2022

Abstract Recent warm temperatures driven by climate change have caused mass coral bleaching and mortality across the world, prompting managers, policymakers, conservation practitioners to embrace restoration as a strategy sustain reefs. Despite proliferation of new reef efforts globally increasing scientific recognition research on interventions aimed at supporting resilience impacts, few programs are currently incorporating in project design. As will continue degrade reefs for decades come, guidance is needed support managers conduct that promotes through enhanced recovery, resistance, adaptation. Here, we address this critical implementation gap providing recommendations integrate principles into design practice, including planning design, selection, site broader ecosystem context. We also discuss future opportunities improve methods outcomes response change. one most vulnerable ecosystems change, enhance help ensure greater chance success warming world. They more likely provide essential contributions global targets protect natural biodiversity human communities rely

Язык: Английский

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Horizon scan of rapidly advancing coral restoration approaches for 21st century reef management

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(1), С. 125 - 136

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2022

Coral reef restoration activity is accelerating worldwide in efforts to offset the rate of health declines. Many advances have already been made practices centred on coral biology (coral restoration), and particularly those that look employ high adaptive state capacity corals order ensure rebuilding biomass also equip reefs with enhanced resilience future stress. We horizon scan state-of-play for many innovations underway across complex life cycle spans both asexual sexual reproduction — assisted evolution (manipulations targeted host host-associated microbes), biobanking, as well scalable propagation planting how these are different stages maturity support new 21st century management frameworks. Realising potential tools aids undoubtedly rests validating approaches their application continues scale. Whilst ecosystem service responses increased scaling still largely remain be seen, has delivered immense understanding coral-associated microbial long lagged behind other sciences.

Язык: Английский

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Within-population variability in coral heat tolerance indicates climate adaptation potential

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 289(1981)

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2022

Coral reefs are facing unprecedented mass bleaching and mortality events due to marine heatwaves climate change. To avoid extirpation, corals must adapt. Individual variation in heat tolerance its heritability underpin the potential for coral adaptation. However, magnitude of variability within populations is largely unresolved. We address this knowledge gap by exposing from a single reef an experimental heatwave. found that double stress dosage was required induce most-tolerant 10%, compared least-tolerant 10% population. By end exposure, all were dead, whereas remained alive. contextualize scale result over coming century, we show under ambitious future emissions scenario, such differences thresholds equate up 17 years delay until onset annual conditions. limited only 10 high scenario. Our results substantial which suggests scope natural or assisted evolution limit impacts change short-term. For persist through adaptation keep pace with ocean warming, reductions be realized.

Язык: Английский

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Expression plasticity regulates intraspecific variation in the acclimatization potential of a reef-building coral

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2022

Phenotypic plasticity is an important ecological and evolutionary response for organisms experiencing environmental change, but the ubiquity of this capacity within coral species across symbiont communities unknown. We exposed ten genotypes reef-building Montipora capitata with divergent to four thermal pre-exposure profiles quantified gene expression before stress testing 4 months later. Here we show two significantly enhance tolerance despite broadly different patterns substantial variation in acclimatization potential based on genotype. There was no relationship between a genotype's basal sensitivity ability acquire heat tolerance, including corals harboring naturally tolerant symbionts, which illustrates additive improvements climate change. These results represent durable from short-term hardening cryptic complexity plasticity.

Язык: Английский

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Census of heat tolerance among Florida's threatened staghorn corals finds resilient individuals throughout existing nursery populations

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 288(1961)

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

The rapid loss of reef-building corals owing to ocean warming is driving the development interventions such as coral propagation and restoration, selective breeding assisted gene flow. Many these target naturally heat-tolerant individuals boost climate resilience, but challenges quickly reliably quantifying heat tolerance identifying thermotolerant have hampered implementation. Here, we used bleaching automated stress systems perform rapid, standardized assays on 229 colonies Acropora cervicornis across six nurseries spanning Florida's Coral Reef, USA. Analysis dose-response curves for each colony revealed a broad range in thermal among (approx. 2.5°C Fv/Fm ED50), with highly reproducible rankings independent tests (r = 0.76). Most phenotypic variation occurred within rather than between them, pointing potentially dominant role fixed genetic effects setting widespread distribution tolerant throughout population. identification provides immediately actionable information optimize nursery restoration programmes threatened staghorn corals. This work further blueprint future efforts identify source thermally conservation worldwide.

Язык: Английский

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The Costs and Benefits of Environmental Memory for Reef-Building Corals Coping with Recurring Marine Heatwaves

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 62(6), С. 1748 - 1755

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2022

Marine heatwaves are occurring more frequently as climate change intensifies, resulting in global mass coral bleaching events several times per decade. Despite the time between marine decreasing, there is evidence that reef-building corals can develop increased resistance across repetitive heatwaves. This phenomenon of acclimatization via environmental memory may be an important strategy to ensure persistence; however, we still understand very little about apparent or, conversely, sensitization (i.e., stress accumulation or weakening) consecutive and its implications for trajectory resilience reefs. Here, highlight not only will some become hardened heatwaves, but many other individuals suffer during repeat further exacerbates their response depresses fitness. Under current predicted change, it necessary gain a better understanding vs. trajectories different species on reef, well identify whether changes susceptibility relates physiological acclimatization, trade-offs with biological processes, ultimately persistence Anthropocene.

Язык: Английский

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Growth and survival among Hawaiian corals outplanted from tanks to an ocean nursery are driven by individual genotype and species differences rather than preconditioning to thermal stress

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10, С. e13112 - e13112

Опубликована: Март 23, 2022

The drastic decline in coral coverage has stimulated an interest reef restoration, and various iterations of nurseries have been used to augment restoration strategies. Here we examine the growth two species Hawaiian Montipora that were maintained mesocosms under either ambient or warmed annual bleaching conditions for consecutive years prior outplanting determine whether preconditioning aided efforts. Using trees create a nearby ocean nursery, examined whether: (1) previous ex situ mesocosm would mirror tree nursery growth; (2) thermal stress-hardening predict future success during natural warming events corals moved from tanks trees. For capitata , found variation was explained primarily by genotype; rates similar those irrespective preconditioning. Variation M. flabellata growth, however, both genotype culture method such individual colony grew well did not necessarily perform as on species, exposure elevated temperatures provided no benefit survival event compared grown temperatures. Overall, performed better with higher net lower mortality, subject less predation than . Our results show little additional cost time these because it is unlikely aid resilience events. These also suggest selecting based long-term performance may be more effective optimal outcomes but should weighed against other factors, morphology, method, location, characteristics.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for adaptive morphological plasticity in the Caribbean coral, Acropora cervicornis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(49)

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2022

Genotype-by-environment interactions (GxE) indicate that variation in organismal traits cannot be explained by fixed effects of genetics or site-specific plastic responses alone. For tropical coral reefs experiencing dramatic environmental change, identifying the contributions genotype, environment, and GxE on performance will vital for both predicting persistence developing restoration strategies. We quantified impacts G, E, morphology survival endangered coral, Acropora cervicornis, through an situ transplant experiment exposing common garden (nursery)-raised clones ten genotypes to nine reef sites Florida Keys. By fate-tracking outplants over one year with colony-level 3D photogrammetry, we uncovered significant size, shape, survivorship, indicating no universal winner exists terms colony performance. Rather than differences mean trait values, found individual-level morphological plasticity is adaptive most individuals also exhibited fastest growth highest survival. This indicates may continue evolve, influencing success A. cervicornis resulting communities a changing climate. As focal are active sites, knowledge phenotype important predictor can directly applied planning. Taken together, these results establish as system studying ecoevolutionary dynamics phenotypic inform genetic- environment-based strategies restoration.

Язык: Английский

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