Regulation of sex differences in innate immunity by sex-determining gene transformer in Drosophila melanogaster

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abs tra ct Sex dimorphism is one of the key features dioecious organisms, which shapes almost all aspects life history traits from early development to cessation life. However, specific regulatory differences between males and females that underlie sex are underexplored for most quantitative traits, including immune dimorphism. Complex patterns variation, example, with respect numbers types contributing alleles, dynamic changes in gene expression, context dependency, have created challenges understanding mechanistic basis immunity. To investigate immunity, we focused on determination hierarchy master switch, transformer ( ), Drosophila melanogaste r. Two different perturbations were examined, pseudomales tra- mutant) pseudofemales overexpression). Changes expression response infection Providencia rettgeri , an ex cellular gram-negative bacterium, examined each these controls wild-type phenotypes. best our knowledge, this first study report bacterial any insects mutant or overexpressed genotypes. Survival load characterized assess overall impact examine role gene, differentially regulated genes identified comparisons wound control infected flies males, females, overexpression animals. The survival assay showed absence female-specific isoform (Tra F XX animals significantly lower than their rate aligned males. Tra XY resulted a surprising outcome, much higher relative both females. DEG analysis significant interaction status 235 417 upstream downstream pathway, respectively. Interestingly, GO enrichment found 49 response-related biological processes enriched among Toll signaling no categories . Further regulators pathway its targets signal detection, transduction, response, pathway. Moreover, several can regulate IMD pathways via transcription factor NF-kB-Relish some regulators, such as Diap2/IAP2 Charon. Overall, findings highlighted strong potential establish Drosophila.

Язык: Английский

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RNA-seq analysis of LPS-induced immune priming in silkworms (Bombyx mori) and the role of cytochrome P450 detoxification system in the process

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 136551 - 136551

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Drosophila melanogaster experimental model to test new antimicrobials: a methodological approach

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024

Given the increasing concern about antimicrobial resistance among microorganisms that cause infections in our society, there is an urgent need for new drug discovery. Currently, this process involves testing many low-quality compounds, resulting from vivo testing, on mammal models, which not only wastes time, resources, and money, but also raises ethical questions. In review, we have discussed potential of D. melanogaster as intermediary experimental model discovery timeline. We tackled topic a methodological perspective, providing recommendations regarding range concentrations to test based mechanism action each compound; how treat , monitor treatment, what parameters should consider when designing screening protocol maximize study’s benefits. discuss necessary improvements needed establish infection standard technique process. Overall, has been demonstrated be manageable studying broad-spectrum treatment. It allows us obtain valuable information cost-effective manner, can improve provide insights into current major concern. This approach line with 3R policy biomedical research, particular replacement reduce use vertebrates preclinical development.

Язык: Английский

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Drosophila Model for Gut-Mediated Horizontal Transfer of Narrow- and Broad-Host-Range Plasmids

mSphere, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(5)

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a driving force of microbial evolution. The gut animals acts as potent reservoir for the lateral virulence, fitness, and antimicrobial resistance genes through plasmids. Reduced-complexity models examination host-microbe interactions involved in plasmid are greatly desired. Thus, this study identifies use Drosophila melanogaster model organism conjugation plasmids various incompatibility groups gut. Enterobacteriaceae pairs were identified vitro used oral inoculation Flies enumerated donor, recipient, transconjugant populations. Each donor-recipient pair was observed to persist fly guts duration experiment. Gut concentrations donors recipients significantly different between male female flies, with females generally demonstrating increased concentrations. Furthermore, host genetics altered recipients. However, not affected by sex or detected only IncPε IncI1 groups. This demonstrates gut-mediated transfer. IMPORTANCE Microbial evolution due horizontal significant interest well within context human animal health. populations evolve host, factors from bacteria interact regulate little currently known about how bacterial plasmid-mediated HGT roles sexual dimorphism

Язык: Английский

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Drosophila suzukii displays a sex-dependent immune response to Microbacterium thalassium and Providencia sp. infection

Biological Control, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 181, С. 105204 - 105204

Опубликована: Март 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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