Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(10), С. 1349 - 1349
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
The
muscular
systems
of
echinoderms
play
important
roles
in
various
physiological
and
behavioral
processes,
including
feeding,
reproduction,
movement,
respiration,
excretion.
Like
vertebrates,
echinoderm
muscle
can
be
subdivided
into
two
major
divisions,
somatic
visceral
musculature.
former
usually
has
a
myoepithelial
organization,
while
the
latter
contains
bundles
formed
by
aggregation
myocytes.
Neurons
their
processes
are
also
detected
between
these
cells
myocytes,
which
capable
releasing
variety
neurotransmitters
neuropeptides
to
regulate
activity.
Although
many
studies
have
reported
pharmacological
effects
chemical
messengers
on
muscles
echinoderms,
there
been
limited
research
receptors
signaling
pathways.
physiology
is
similar
that
chordates,
both
deuterostome
mode
development.
Studies
regulation
provide
new
insights
evolution
myoregulatory
deuterostomes.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2022
Neuropeptides
are
one
of
the
largest
and
most
diverse
families
signaling
molecules
in
animals
and,
accordingly,
they
regulate
many
physiological
processes
behaviors.
Genome
transcriptome
sequencing
has
enabled
identification
genes
encoding
neuropeptide
precursor
proteins
species
from
a
growing
variety
taxa,
including
bilaterian
non-bilaterian
animals.
Of
particular
interest
deuterostome
invertebrates
such
as
phylum
Echinodermata,
which
occupies
phylogenetic
position
that
facilitated
reconstruction
evolution
systems
Bilateria.
However,
our
knowledge
echinoderms
is
largely
based
on
bioinformatic
experimental
analysis
eleutherozoans-Asterozoa
(starfish
brittle
stars)
Echinozoa
(sea
urchins
sea
cucumbers).
Little
known
about
crinoids
(feather
stars
lilies),
sister
clade
to
Eleutherozoa.
Therefore,
we
have
analyzed
transcriptome/genome
sequence
data
three
feather
star
species,
Anneissia
japonica,
Antedon
mediterranea,
Florometra
serratissima,
produce
first
comprehensive
precursors
crinoids.
These
include
representatives
several
predicted
crinoid
precursors.
Using
A.
mediterranea
an
model,
investigated
expression
selected
neuropeptides
larvae
(doliolaria),
post-metamorphic
pentacrinoids
adults,
providing
new
insights
into
cellular
architecture
nervous
systems.
Thus,
using
mRNA
situ
hybridization
F-type
SALMFamide
transcripts
were
revealed
previously
undescribed
population
peptidergic
cells
located
dorso-laterally
doliolaria.
Furthermore,
immunohistochemistry
calcitonin-type
was
aboral
nerve
center,
circumoral
ring
oral
tube
feet
ectoneural
entoneural
compartments
system
adults.
Moreover,
functional
vasopressin/oxytocin-type
(crinotocin),
expressed
brachial
arms
this
peptide
causes
dose-dependent
change
mechanical
behavior
arm
preparations
vitro-the
reported
biological
action
crinoid.
In
conclusion,
findings
provide
perspectives
foundations
for
further
exploration
expression/function
eleutherozoan
echinoderms.
Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(10), С. 1538 - 1538
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022
Here,
we
described
the
complex
nervous
system
at
five
early
developmental
stages
(blastula,
gastrula,
auricularia,
doliolaria
and
pentactula)
of
a
holothurian
species
with
highly
economic
value,
Apostichopus
japonicus.
The
results
revealed
that
embryos
larvae
is
mainly
distributed
in
anterior
apical
region,
ciliary
bands
or
rings,
feeding
attachment
organs,
serotonergic
immunoreactivity
was
not
observed
until
embryo
developed
into
late
gastrula;
these
are
evolutionarily
conserved
features
echinoderm,
hemichordate
protostome
larvae.
Furthermore,
based
on
available
transcriptome
data,
reported
neuropeptide
precursors
profile
different
embryonic
larval
stages.
This
analysis
showed
40
present
adult
sea
cucumbers
were
also
identified
larvae,
only
four
(SWYG
precursor
2,
GYWKDLDNYVKAHKT
precursor,
Neuropeptide
14-like
GLRFAmprecursor-like
precursor)
predicted
adults
absent
Combining
quantitative
expression
ten
specific
genes
(NPs)
by
qRT-PCR,
potential
important
roles
neuropeptides
development,
A.
japonicus
In
conclusion,
this
work
provides
novel
perspectives
diverse
physiological
functions
contributes
to
understanding
evolution
neuropeptidergic
systems
echinoderm
The Journal of Comparative Neurology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
532(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
Reproductive
processes
are
regulated
by
a
variety
of
neuropeptides
in
vertebrates
and
invertebrates.
In
starfish
(phylum
Echinodermata),
relaxin‐like
gonad‐stimulating
peptide
triggers
oocyte
maturation
spawning.
However,
little
is
known
about
other
as
potential
regulators
reproduction
starfish.
To
address
this
issue,
here,
we
used
histology
immunohistochemistry
to
analyze
the
reproductive
system
Asterias
rubens
at
four
stages
seasonal
cycle
male
female
animals,
investigating
expression
eight
neuropeptides:
corticotropin‐releasing
hormone‐type
neuropeptide
ArCRH,
calcitonin‐type
ArCT,
pedal
peptide‐type
ArPPLN1b
ArPPLN2h,
vasopressin/ocytocin‐type
asterotocin,
gonadotropin‐releasing
ArGnRH,
somatostatin/allatostatin‐C‐type
ArSS1
ArSS2.
The
five
neuropeptides,
ArPPLN1b,
was
detected
gonoducts
and/or
gonads.
For
example,
extensive
ArPPLN2h
revealed
coelomic
epithelial
layer
gonads
throughout
both
males
females.
sexual
differences
patterns
were
also
observed.
Informed
these
findings,
vitro
pharmacological
effects
on
gonad
preparations
from
investigated.
This
that
causes
gonadal
contraction
relaxation,
with
being
more
effective
ovaries
than
testes.
Collectively,
findings
indicate
multiple
signaling
systems
involved
regulation
function
starfish,
some
exerting
excitatory
or
inhibitory
contractility
may
be
physiologically
relevant
when
gametes
expelled
during
The
phylum
Nematoda
is
incredibly
diverse
and
includes
many
parasites
of
humans,
livestock,
plants.
Peptide-activated
G
protein-coupled
receptors
(GPCRs)
are
central
to
the
regulation
physiology
numerous
behaviors,
they
represent
appealing
pharmacological
targets
for
parasite
control.
Efforts
ongoing
characterize
functions
define
ligands
nematode
GPCRs,
with
already
most
peptide
GPCRs
known
or
predicted
in
Caenorhabditis
elegans.
However,
comparative
analyses
GPCR
conservation
between
C.
elegans
other
species
limited,
remain
orphan.
A
phylum-wide
perspective
on
profiles
will
benefit
functional
applied
studies
GPCRs.
Starfish
are
keystone
species
as
predators
in
benthic
ecosystems,
but
when
population
outbreaks
occur
this
can
have
devastating
consequences
ecologically.
Furthermore,
starfish
and
invasions
adverse
impact
economically
by
impacting
shellfish
aquaculture.
Addressing
the
imperative
need
to
proactively
mitigate
requires
comprehensive
research
on
their
behavior
underlying
mechanisms
of
outbreaks.
This
review
scrutinizes
historical
patterns
among
diverse
across
various
regions,
delineates
factors
contributing
proliferation
Asterias
amurensis
Chinese
waters,
articulates
preventive
remedial
strategies,
outlines
potential
for
sustainable
utilization
starfish.
Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(7), С. 537 - 537
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024
Starfish
are
keystone
species
as
predators
in
benthic
ecosystems,
but
when
population
outbreaks
occur,
this
can
have
devastating
consequences
ecologically.
Furthermore,
starfish
and
invasions
adverse
impact
economically
by
impacting
shellfish
aquaculture.
For
example,
an
infestation
of
Qingdao
led
to
a
50%
reduction
sea
cucumber
production
80%
scallop
production,
resulting
economic
loss
approximately
RMB
100
million
oyster
other
industries.
Addressing
the
imperative
need
proactively
mitigate
requires
comprehensive
research
on
their
behavior
underlying
mechanisms
outbreaks.
This
review
scrutinizes
historical
patterns
among
diverse
across
various
regions,
delineates
factors
contributing
proliferation
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(18), С. 4325 - 4331.e3
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
One
of
the
most
remarkable
adaptations
to
survive
attacks
from
predators
is
detach
an
appendage-a
process
known
as
autotomy.
This
occurs
in
a
variety
animals,
including
lizards
(tail),
crabs
(legs),
and
starfish
(arms).
There
has
been
extensive
investigation
evolution,
ecology,
biomechanical
impact
autotomy,
Cell and Tissue Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
391(3), С. 441 - 456
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2023
Neuropeptides
derived
from
larger
precursor
proteins
are
secreted
as
signalling
molecules
by
neurons
and
regulate
diverse
physiological
behavioural
processes
in
animals.
Recently,
we
reported
the
discovery
of
ArCRZ
(HNTFTMGGQNRWKAG-NH2)
ArLQ
(EEKTRFPKFMRW-NH2)-novel
neuropeptides
starfish
Asterias
rubens
that
orthologs
arthropod
corazonins
molluscan
luqins,
respectively.
However,
our
efforts
to
generate
antibodies
have
been
unsuccessful,
precluding
immunohistochemical
analysis
their
expression.
Here,
investigated
an
alternative
experimental
approach
for
neuropeptide
immunohistochemistry
generating
peptides
corresponding
C-terminal
region
proteins.
As
proof
principle,
generated
vasopressin/oxytocin-type
asterotocin
show
these
reveal
immunostaining
A.
is
very
similar
observed
with
antibodies.
Furthermore,
(ArCRZP)
(ArLQP)
produced
patterns
consistent,
respectively,
distribution
ArCRZP
ArLQP
transcripts
revealed
mRNA
situ
hybridisation.
Detailed
widespread
expression
rubens,
including
central
nervous
system,
digestive
system
body
wall
its
associated
appendages
(e.g.
tube
feet),
providing
a
neuroanatomical
framework
investigation
interpretation
pharmacological
actions
rubens.
findings
provide
basis
use
other
species
where
production
bioactive
unsuccessful.
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
582, С. 112122 - 112122
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2023
Deuterostome
invertebrates,
including
echinoderms,
hemichordates,
cephalochordates,
and
urochordates,
exhibit
common
species-specific
morphological,
developmental,
physiological,
behavioral
characteristics
that
are
regulated
by
neuroendocrine
nervous
systems.
Over
the
past
15
years,
omics,
genetic,
and/or
physiological
studies
on
deuterostome
invertebrates
have
identified
low-molecular-weight
transmitters,
neuropeptides
their
cognate
receptors,
clarified
various
biological
functions.
In
particular,
there
has
been
increasing
interest
systems
of
Ciona
intestinalis
Type
A,
which
belongs
to
subphylum
Urochordata
occupies
critical
phylogenetic
position
as
closest
relative
vertebrates.
During
developmental
stage,
gamma-aminobutylic
acid,
D-serine,
gonadotropin-releasing
hormones
regulate
metamorphosis
Ciona.
adults,
neuropeptidergic
mechanisms
underlying
ovarian
follicle
growth,
oocyte
maturation,
ovulation
elucidated.
This
review
article
provides
most
recent
fundamental
knowledge
Ciona,
evolutionary
aspects.
Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(10), С. 1349 - 1349
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
The
muscular
systems
of
echinoderms
play
important
roles
in
various
physiological
and
behavioral
processes,
including
feeding,
reproduction,
movement,
respiration,
excretion.
Like
vertebrates,
echinoderm
muscle
can
be
subdivided
into
two
major
divisions,
somatic
visceral
musculature.
former
usually
has
a
myoepithelial
organization,
while
the
latter
contains
bundles
formed
by
aggregation
myocytes.
Neurons
their
processes
are
also
detected
between
these
cells
myocytes,
which
capable
releasing
variety
neurotransmitters
neuropeptides
to
regulate
activity.
Although
many
studies
have
reported
pharmacological
effects
chemical
messengers
on
muscles
echinoderms,
there
been
limited
research
receptors
signaling
pathways.
physiology
is
similar
that
chordates,
both
deuterostome
mode
development.
Studies
regulation
provide
new
insights
evolution
myoregulatory
deuterostomes.
