Infectious Disease Modelling,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(3), С. 742 - 768
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2023
Successive
generalisations
of
the
basic
SEIR
model
have
been
proposed
to
accommodate
different
needs
organisations
handling
SARS-CoV-2
epidemic
and
assessment
public
health
measures
adopted
named
under
common
umbrella
Non-Pharmaceutical
Interventions
(NPIs).
So
far,
these
not
able
assess
ability
avoid
infection
by
thus
their
contribution
contain
spread
disease.
This
work
proposes
a
new
generalisation
includes
heterogeneous
age-related
generation
infections
that
depends
both
on
probability
contact
generates
transmission
disease
rate.
The
results
show
(1)
thanks
universal
wearing
facial
coverings,
provokes
was
reduced
at
least
50%
(2)
impact
other
NPI
is
so
significant
otherwise
Portugal
would
gone
into
non-sustainable
situation
having
80%
its
population
infected
in
first
300
days
pandemic.
led
number
deaths
almost
twenty
times
higher
than
actually
recorded
December
26th,
2020.
Moreover,
suggest
even
if
requirement
coverings
sooner
jointly
with
closing
workplaces
resorting
teleworking
postponed
peak
incidence,
altought
path
result
hardly
managed
National
Health
System.
Complementary,
confirm
(3)
authorities
conservative
approach
criteria
consider
an
individual
infective
any
longer;
(4)
most
effective
NPIs
stringency
levels
either
impacting
self-protection
against
or
reducing
contacts
eventually
are,
decreasing
order
importance,
use
Clinical Microbiology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
37(2)
Опубликована: Май 22, 2024
SUMMARYThis
narrative
review
and
meta-analysis
summarizes
a
broad
evidence
base
on
the
benefits-and
also
practicalities,
disbenefits,
harms
personal,
sociocultural
environmental
impacts-of
masks
masking.
Our
synthesis
of
from
over
100
published
reviews
selected
primary
studies,
including
re-analyzing
contested
meta-analyses
key
clinical
trials,
produced
seven
findings.
First,
there
is
strong
consistent
for
airborne
transmission
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
other
pathogens.
Second,
are,
if
correctly
consistently
worn,
effective
in
reducing
diseases
show
dose-response
effect.
Third,
respirators
are
significantly
more
than
medical
or
cloth
masks.
Fourth,
mask
mandates
overall,
community
Fifth,
important
symbols;
non-adherence
to
masking
sometimes
linked
political
ideological
beliefs
widely
circulated
mis-
disinformation.
Sixth,
while
much
that
not
generally
harmful
general
population,
may
be
relatively
contraindicated
individuals
with
certain
conditions,
who
require
exemption.
Furthermore,
groups
(notably
D/deaf
people)
disadvantaged
when
others
masked.
Finally,
risks
environment
single-use
respirators.
We
propose
an
agenda
future
research,
improved
characterization
situations
which
should
recommended
mandated;
attention
comfort
acceptability;
generalized
disability-focused
communication
support
settings
where
worn;
development
testing
novel
materials
designs
filtration,
breathability,
impact.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024
Abstract
An
improved
understanding
of
the
underlying
physicochemical
properties
respiratory
aerosol
that
influence
viral
infectivity
may
open
new
avenues
to
mitigate
transmission
diseases
such
as
COVID-19.
Previous
studies
have
shown
an
increase
in
pH
aerosols
following
generation
due
changes
gas-particle
partitioning
buffering
bicarbonate
ions
and
carbon
dioxide
is
a
significant
factor
reducing
SARS-CoV-2
infectivity.
We
show
here
aerostability
results
from
moderate
atmospheric
concentration
(e.g.
800
ppm),
effect
more
marked
than
observed
for
relative
humidity.
model
likelihood
COVID-19
on
ambient
CO
2
,
concluding
even
this
overall
risk.
These
observations
confirm
critical
importance
ventilation
maintaining
low
concentrations
indoor
environments
mitigating
disease
transmission.
Moreover,
correlation
increased
with
need
be
better
understood
when
considering
consequences
increases
levels
our
atmosphere.
Journal of The Royal Society Interface,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
20(203)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023
The
mechanistic
factors
hypothesized
to
be
key
drivers
for
the
loss
of
infectivity
viruses
in
aerosol
phase
often
remain
speculative.
Using
a
next-generation
bioaerosol
technology,
we
report
measurements
aero-stability
several
SARS-CoV-2
variants
concern
droplets
well-defined
size
and
composition
at
high
(90%)
low
(40%)
relative
humidity
(RH)
upwards
40
min.
When
compared
with
ancestral
virus,
Delta
variant
displayed
different
decay
profiles.
At
RH,
viral
approximately
55%
was
observed
over
initial
5
s
both
variants.
Regardless
RH
variant,
greater
than
95%
lost
after
min
being
aerosolized.
Aero-stability
correlate
their
sensitivities
alkaline
pH.
Removal
all
acidic
vapours
dramatically
increased
rate
decay,
90%
2
min,
while
addition
nitric
acid
vapour
improved
aero-stability.
Similar
artificial
saliva
growth
medium
observed.
A
model
predict
is
proposed:
pH
exhaled
drives
loss;
salt
content
limits
infectivity.
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(4), С. e14117 - e14117
Опубликована: Март 3, 2023
During
the
SARS-CoV-2-pandemic,
face
masks
have
become
one
of
most
important
ubiquitous
factors
affecting
human
breathing.
It
increases
resistance
and
dead
space
volume
leading
to
a
re-breathing
CO
The Lancet Microbe,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(5), С. e500 - e507
Опубликована: Март 7, 2024
Summary
Antimicrobial
resistance
(AMR)
threatens
human,
animal,
and
environmental
health.
Acknowledging
the
urgency
of
addressing
AMR,
an
opportunity
exists
to
extend
AMR
action-focused
research
beyond
confines
isolated
biomedical
paradigm.
An
learning
system,
AMR-X,
envisions
a
national
network
health
systems
creating
applying
optimal
use
antimicrobials
on
basis
their
data
collected
from
delivery
routine
clinical
care.
AMR-X
integrates
traditional
discovery,
experimental
research,
applied
with
continuous
analysis
pathogens,
antimicrobial
uses,
outcomes
that
are
routinely
disseminated
practitioners,
policy
makers,
patients,
public
drive
changes
in
practice
outcomes.
uses
connected
data-to-action
underpin
evaluation
framework
embedded
care,
continuously
driving
implementation
improvements
patient
population
health,
targeting
investment,
incentivising
innovation.
All
stakeholders
co-create
protecting
by
adapting
evolving
threats
generating
information
needed
for
precision
Archives of Microbiology & Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
SARS-CoV-2
infection
has
led
to
a
range
of
long-lasting
symptoms,
collectively
referred
as
long
COVID.
Current
research
highlights
the
critical
role
angiotensin-converting
enzyme
2
(ACE2)
in
regulating
gut
microbiota
diversity,
vascular
function,
and
homeostasis
within
renin-angiotensin
system
(RAS).
ACE2
is
utilized
by
virus
enter
host
cells,
but
its
downregulation
following
contributes
dysbiosis
RAS
disruption.
These
imbalances
have
been
linked
COVID
including
joint
pain,
chest
chronic
cough,
fatigue,
brain
fog,
anxiety,
depression,
myalgia,
peripheral
neuropathy,
memory
difficulties,
impaired
attention.
This
review
investigates
dysregulation
caused
long-term
effects
it
on
various
organ
systems,
musculoskeletal,
neurological,
renal,
respiratory,
cardiovascular
systems.
We
explored
bidirectional
interactions
between
microbiota,
immune
these
focusing
how
inflammation
dysfunction
observed
symptoms.
Understanding
key
for
identifying
effective
therapeutic
strategies
interventional
targets
aimed
at
mitigating
impact
health
improving
patient
outcomes.
The
protection
provided
by
facemasks
has
been
extensively
investigated
since
the
beginning
of
SARS-CoV-2
outbreak,
focusing
mostly
on
filtration
efficiency
filter
media
for
filtering
face
pieces
(FFP),
surgical
masks,
and
cloth
masks.
However,
faceseal
leakage
is
a
major
contributor
to
number
potentially
infectious
airborne
droplets
entering
respiratory
system
susceptible
individual.
identification
leaking
spots
quantification
flows
are
crucial
estimate
facemasks.
This
study
presents
critical
review
measurement
calculation
facemask
leakages
quantitative
analysis
their
role
in
risk
infection.
It
shows
that
pairing
between
mask
dimensions
wearer's
essential
improve
efficiency,
especially
FFP2
summarizes
most
common
at
interface
face.
Leakage
factor
outweighs
performances.
fit
factors
measured
among
users
were
summarized
different
types
protection.
reviewed
data
integrated
into
computational
model
compare
mitigation
impact
with
vaccination
consideration
new
variants
SARS-CoV-2.
Combining
high
adoption
rate
efficiently
control
spread
highly
variants.
Annals of Medicine and Surgery,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
86(2), С. 891 - 898
Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2023
In
June
2022,
Pakistan
witnessed
catastrophic
floods,
affecting
millions
of
people.
The
ensuing
epidemics
cholera,
cryptosporidiosis,
rotavirus
infections,
generalized
diarrhoea,
typhoid
and
paratyphoid
fevers,
as
well
the
frequency
vector-borne
diseases
including
malaria
dengue
fever,
are
studied
in
this
investigation.
It
also
explores
latest
outbreak
poliomyelitis
respiratory
such
COVID-19,
diphtheria,
tuberculosis,
how
floods
have
contributed
to
skin
eye
problems.
report
describes
obstacles
governments
must
overcome
order
manage
these
health
emergencies
offers
possible
solutions
for
reducing
effects
ongoing
anticipated
epidemics.
This
flood
emphasizes
pressing
need
international
action
acts
an
alarming
indicator
significant
impact
climate
change.
crucial
it
is
effective
response
preparation
strategies
developing
nations
that
vulnerable
natural
disasters.
