Peptide hormones in plants

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Abstract Peptide hormones are defined as small secreted polypeptide-based intercellular communication signal molecules. Such peptide encoded by nuclear genes, and often go through proteolytic processing of preproproteins post-translational modifications. Most out the cell to interact with membrane-associated receptors in neighboring cells, subsequently activate transductions, leading changes gene expression cellular responses. Since discovery first plant hormone, systemin, tomato 1991, putative have continuously been identified different species, showing their importance both short- long-range transductions. The roles implicated in, but not limited to, processes such self-incompatibility, pollination, fertilization, embryogenesis, endosperm development, stem regulation, architecture, tissue differentiation, organogenesis, dehiscence, senescence, plant-pathogen plant-insect interactions, stress This article, collectively written researchers this field, aims provide a general overview for discoveries, functions, chemical natures, transcriptional regulations, modifications plants. We also updated recent discoveries receptor kinases underlying hormone sensing down-stream pathways. Future prospective challenges will be discussed at end article.

Язык: Английский

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Decoding small peptides: Regulators of plant growth and stress resilience

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Small peptides (SPs) are pivotal signaling molecules that play essential roles in the precise regulation of plant growth, development, and stress responses. Recent advancements sequencing technologies, bioinformatics approaches, biochemical molecular techniques have significantly enhanced accuracy SP identification, unveiling their diverse biological functions plants. This review provides a comprehensive overview characteristics methodologies for identifying SPs It highlights recent discoveries regarding pathways regulating plant-microbial interactions, as well contributions to resilience under various environmental stresses, including abiotic stress, nutrient deficiencies, biotic challenges. Additionally, we discuss current insights into potential applications outline future research directions aimed at leveraging these enhance adaptation By integrating findings, this lays foundation advancing understanding utilization improve productivity.

Язык: Английский

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TIP2‐UDT1‐OsUPEX1/2 module regulates tapetum development and function in rice

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Summary The tapetum in the anther wall is essential for plant fertility, secreting many components pollen development. Development of controlled by multiple transcription factors and signaling pathways. UDT1, TIP2, TDR, EAT1 constitute a sequential regulatory cascade crucial tapetal differentiation rice, but UDT1‐ TIP2‐dependent networks, particularly early development, remain largely unknown. Functional analysis knockout mutants spatial–temporal expression demonstrated overlapping TIP2 UDT1 middle layer that tip2 mutation was epistatic to udt1 . Moreover, were shown heterodimerize activate downstream genes We identified two activated TIP2‐UDT1, OsUPEX1 OsUPEX2 , predicted encode galactosyltransferases, preferentially expressed tapetum. Analysis their single functional redundancy, while double mutant revealed critical roles development function, likely enabling secretion. Overall, this study provides insights into regulation rice identifies targets function male fertility.

Язык: Английский

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Single‐Cell Transcriptome Atlas and Regulatory Dynamics in Developing Cotton Anthers

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(3)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Abstract Plant anthers are composed of different specialized cell types with distinct roles in plant reproduction. High temperature (HT) stress causes male sterility, resulting crop yield reduction. However, the spatial expression atlas and regulatory dynamics during anther development response to HT remain largely unknown. Here, first single‐cell transcriptome chromatin accessibility survey cotton established, depicting specific epigenetic landscape each type anthers. The reconstruction meiotic cells, tapetal middle layer developmental trajectories not only identifies novel expressed genes, but also elucidates precise degradation period reveals a rapid function transition cells tetrad stage. By applying HT, heterogeneity is shown among anthers, responsible for pollen wall synthesis most sensitive HT. Specifically, shuts down genes specifically synthesis, such as QUARTET 3 ( QRT3 ) CYTOCHROME P450 703A2 CYP703A2 ), silent these ultimately leading abnormal sterility. Collectively, this study provides substantial information on clues heat‐tolerant creation.

Язык: Английский

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Imaging plant cell walls using fluorescent stains: The beauty is in the details

Journal of Microscopy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 295(2), С. 102 - 120

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Plants continuously face various environmental stressors throughout their lifetime. To be able to grow and adapt in different environments, they developed specialized tissues that allowed them maintain a protected yet interconnected body. These undergo specific primary secondary cell wall modifications are essential ensure normal plant growth, adaptation successful land colonization. The composition of walls can vary among species, organs tissues. ability remodel is fundamental for plants cope with multiple biotic abiotic stressors. A better understanding the changes taking place may help identify develop new strategies as well tools enhance plants' survival under stresses or prevent pathogen attack. Since invention microscopy, numerous imaging techniques have been determine dynamics during growth response stimuli. In this review, we discuss main advances walls, particular focus on fluorescent stains components compatibility tissue clearing techniques. Lay Description: subjected lifespan. They evolved thrive enabling Such distinct alterations adaptability Cell differ even deal stresses, must capacity walls. Gaining insight into take will create novel improve withstand challenges. Multiple since introduction microscopy analyse changes. Advancements cleaning procedures significantly enhanced our perform high-resolution imaging. At same time, several factors influence effectiveness staining specimens, time necessary process, including specimen's size, thickness, complexity presence autofluorescence. major emphasis diverse We hope review assist readers selecting most appropriate stain combination highlight interest.

Язык: Английский

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Small Peptides: Orchestrators of Plant Growth and Developmental Processes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7627 - 7627

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

Small peptides (SPs), ranging from 5 to 100 amino acids, play integral roles in plants due their diverse functions. Despite low abundance and small molecular weight, SPs intricately regulate critical aspects of plant life, including cell division, growth, differentiation, flowering, fruiting, maturation, stress responses. As vital mediators intercellular signaling, have garnered significant attention biology research. This comprehensive review delves into SPs’ structure, classification, identification, providing a detailed understanding significance. Additionally, we summarize recent findings on the biological functions signaling pathways prominent that growth development. also offers perspective future research directions peptide pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Biogenesis of post-translationally modified peptide signals for plant reproductive development

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 69, С. 102274 - 102274

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Small peptide signaling via OsCIF1/2 mediates Casparian strip formation at the root endodermal and nonendodermal cell layers in rice

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(2), С. 383 - 403

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

The Casparian strip (CS) is a ring-like lignin structure deposited between endodermal cells that forms an apoplastic barrier to control the selective uptake of nutrients in vascular plants. However, molecular mechanism CS formation rice (Oryza sativa), which possesses one each endodermis and exodermis, relatively unknown. Here, we functionally characterized INTEGRITY FACTOR1 (OsCIF1a, OsCIF1b), OsCIF2, SCHENGEN3 (OsSGN3a, OsSGN3b) rice. OsCIF1s OsCIF2 were mainly expressed stele, while OsSGN3s localized around at endodermis. Knockout all three OsCIFs or both resulted discontinuous dramatic reduction compensatory (less localized) lignification suberization By contrast, ectopic overexpression OsCIF1 induced as well overlignification oversuberization single double cortical cell layers adjacent Ectopic co-overexpression SHORTROOT1 (OsSHR1) more CS-like structures multiple layers. Transcriptome analysis identified 112 downstream genes modulated by OsCIF1/2-OsSGN3 signaling pathway, involved activation machinery native nonnative endodermis-like Our results provide important insights into CIF-mediated root nonendodermal

Язык: Английский

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Sulfated peptides and their receptors: Key regulators of plant development and stress adaptation

Plant Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(6), С. 100918 - 100918

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

Four distinct types of sulfated peptides have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. These play crucial roles regulating plant development and stress adaptation. Recent studies revealed that Xanthomonas Meloidogyne can secrete plant-like peptides, exploiting the peptide signaling pathway to suppress immunity. Over past three decades, receptors for these four identified, all which belong leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase subfamily. A number regulatory proteins demonstrated important their corresponding signal transduction pathways. In this review, we comprehensively summarize discoveries receptors, mainly We also discuss known biological functions Finally, put forward a questions reference future studies.

Язык: Английский

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Receptor‐like kinases and their signaling cascades for plant male fertility: loyal messengers

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 241(4), С. 1421 - 1434

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Summary Receptor‐like kinases (RLKs) are evolved for plant cell–cell communications. The typical RLK protein contains an extracellular and hypervariable N‐terminus to perceive various signals, a transmembrane domain anchor into plasma membrane, cytoplasmic, highly conserved kinase phosphorylate target proteins. To date, RLKs have manifested their significance in myriad of biological processes during reproductive growth, especially male fertility. This review first summarizes recent update on interacting partners controlling anther pollen development, release from dehisced anther, function pollination fertilization. Then, regulatory networks signaling pathways proposed. In addition, we predict maize rice genome, obtain homologs well‐studied phylogeny three subfamilies then analyze expression patterns developing anthers excavate potential regulating fertility crops. Finally, current challenges future prospects regarding discussed. will contribute better understanding control by RLKs, creating sterile lines, inspiring innovative crop breeding methods.

Язык: Английский

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