Broadening the scope: Multiple functional connectivity networks underlying threat conditioning and extinction DOI Creative Commons
Cody A. Cushing, Yujia Peng, Zachary Anderson

и другие.

Imaging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2, С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Threat learning processes are thought to be foundational anxiety and fear-related disorders. However, the study of these in human brain has largely focused on specific regions, owing partly ease translating between regions nonhuman animals. Moving beyond analyzing focal interest whole-brain dynamics connectivity during threat is essential for understanding neuropathology disorders humans. In this study, 223 participants completed a 2-day Pavlovian conditioning paradigm while undergoing fMRI. Participants acquisition extinction. Extinction recall was assessed 48 hours later. Using data-driven group independent component analysis (ICA), we examined large-scale functional networks each phase learning. Connectivity were tested see how they responded conditioned stimuli early late phases extinction as well trials recall. A network overlapping with default mode involving hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), posterior cingulate implicated Another salience dorsal anterior (dACC), mPFC, inferior frontal gyrus both Other parts salience, somatomotor, visual, frontoparietal involved or learned responses. These findings help support cooperation model-free fashion introducing new spatially safety Rather than being single process core involves multiple operating parallel performing different functions at timescales. Understanding nature interplay will critical comprehensive that may play

Язык: Английский

A double‐blind trial of decoded neurofeedback intervention for specific phobias DOI Creative Commons
Cody A. Cushing, Hakwan Lau, Mitsuo Kawato

и другие.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Aim A new closed‐loop functional magnetic resonance imaging method called multivoxel neuroreinforcement has the potential to alleviate subjective aversiveness of exposure‐based interventions by directly inducing phobic representations in brain, outside conscious awareness. The current study seeks test this as an intervention for specific phobia. Methods In a randomized, double‐blind, controlled single‐university trial, individuals diagnosed with at least two (one target, one control) animal subtype‐specific phobias were randomly assigned (1:1:1) receive one, three, or five sessions which they rewarded implicit activation target representation. Amygdala response stimuli was assessed staff blind and control assignments. Pretreatment posttreatment differences analyzed two‐way repeated‐measures anova . Results total 23 participants (69.6% female) randomized ( n = 8), three 7), 7) neuroreinforcement. Eighteen 6 each group) our primary outcome. After neuroreinforcement, we observed interaction indicating significant decrease amygdala phobia but not No adverse events dropouts reported result intervention. Conclusion suggest that can specifically reduce threat signatures Consequently, may complement conventional psychotherapy approaches nondistressing experience patients seeking treatment. This trial sets stage larger clinical replicate these results examine effects on real‐life exposure. Clinical Trial Registration now‐closed prospectively registered ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03655262.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
The case for hemispheric lateralization of the human amygdala in fear processing DOI Creative Commons
Tao Xie, Sanne J.H. van Rooij, Cory S. Inman

и другие.

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

The amygdala has increasingly been proposed as a therapeutic target for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the distinct contributions of left and right to various aspects fear processing remain inadequately understood. Here, we critically re-evaluate key findings from human functional neuroimaging lesion studies on conditioning extinction. We propose that while both amygdalae likely make critical processing, is more associated sensory-mediated expression, cognitive-mediated acquisition With accumulating evidence studies, suggest differentially targeting versus ablative or neuromodulatory therapies can be crucial optimizing PTSD treatment.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Dominant as Underdogs: Inefficient Search for Dominant-Looking Faces DOI
Shujuan Ye,

Bo Xie,

Xiayun Lin

и другие.

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

Detecting dominant individuals within crowds is crucial for human survival, prompting investigation into the tension between quick detection and careful recognition of faces. In our visual search tasks, participants located a target face with specific identity, dominance being task-irrelevant. Targets varied in (high or low), congruency targets distractors was manipulated. Results showed more efficient when differed from by dominance, suggesting leverage latent contrast. Surprisingly, searching high-dominance faces exhibited lower efficiency. Experiment 2 replicated these findings incorporated eye-tracking, revealing longer distractor inspection, revisits to faces, prolonged identification times searches. 3 inefficiency even only faces’ eye regions, underscoring role local features. Our offer nuanced perspective on how perceived influences cognition behavior, challenging assumed ease detection.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Consciousness in farm animals and the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of slaughter techniques DOI Creative Commons
Claudia Terlouw,

Pierre Le Neindre

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56, С. 101358 - 101358

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

The slaughter of animals comprises the induction unconsciousness followed by bleeding to cause death. Today's practices are chosen avoid animal suffering, but what does science tell us about suffering? Do have emotions? Consciousness? How study consciousness? Experiments suggest strongly that emotions and conscious, although many aspects consciousness still not understood. However, various brain areas involved in been identified mechanical, electrical gaseous stunning techniques used at slaughter, dysfunction one or several these areas, different manners induce unconsciousness.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Pattern analysis of neuroimaging data reveals novel insights on threat learning and extinction in humans DOI Creative Commons
Augustin C. Hennings, Samuel E. Cooper, Jarrod A. Lewis‐Peacock

и другие.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 142, С. 104918 - 104918

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

15
Threat Memory in the Sensory Cortex: Insights from Olfaction DOI
Wen Li, Donald A. Wilson

The Neuroscientist, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(3), С. 285 - 293

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

The amygdala has long held the center seat in neural basis of threat conditioning. However, a rapidly growing literature elucidated extra-amygdala circuits this process, highlighting sensory cortex for its critical role mnemonic aspect process. While is largely focused on auditory system, substantial human and rodent findings olfactory system have emerged. unique nature neuroanatomy intimate association with emotion compels review recent to illuminate special contribution memory. Here, integrating evidence humans animal models, we posit that (piriform) primary necessary component distributed memory network, supporting ensemble coding acquired threat. We further highlight basic circuit architecture piriform characterized by distributed, auto-associative connections, which prime highly efficient content-addressable computing support Given primordial cortical evolution simple, well-defined circuits, propose olfaction can be model understanding (transmodal) mechanisms underlying

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

8
Sometimes I feel the fear of uncertainty: How intolerance of uncertainty and trait anxiety impact fear acquisition, extinction and the return of fear DOI
Adrian Wroblewski, Maike Hollandt, Yunbo Yang

и другие.

International Journal of Psychophysiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 181, С. 125 - 140

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13
Causally mapping human threat extinction relevant circuits with depolarizing brain stimulation methods DOI
Ryan Webler, Desmond J. Oathes, Sanne J.H. van Rooij

и другие.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 144, С. 105005 - 105005

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

12
An Honest Reckoning With the Amygdala and Mental Illness DOI
Andrew S. Fox, Alexander J. Shackman

American Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 181(12), С. 1059 - 1075

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Anxiety disorders are a leading source of human misery, morbidity, and premature mortality. Existing treatments far from curative for many, underscoring the need to clarify underlying neural mechanisms. Although many brain regions contribute, amygdala has received most intense scientific attention. Over past several decades, this scrutiny yielded detailed understanding function, but it failed produce new clinical assays, biomarkers, or cures. Rising urgent public health challenge demands an honest reckoning with functional-neuroanatomical complexity shift theories anchored on "the amygdala" models centered specific nuclei cell types. This review begins by examining evidence studies rodents, monkeys, humans "canonical model," idea that plays central role in fear- anxiety-related states, traits, disorders. Next, authors selectively highlight work indicating canonical model, while true, is overly simplistic fails adequately capture actual state evidentiary record, breadth amygdala-associated functions illnesses, amygdala's functional architecture. The describe implications these facts basic neuroimaging research. concludes some general recommendations grappling accelerating efforts understand more effectively treat amygdala-related psychopathology.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
A pre-registered decoded neurofeedback intervention for specific phobias DOI Creative Commons
Cody A. Cushing, Hakwan Lau, Mitsuo Kawato

и другие.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

A new closed-loop fMRI method called multi-voxel neuro-reinforcement has the potential to alleviate subjective aversiveness of exposure-based interventions by directly inducing phobic representations in brain, outside conscious awareness. The current study seeks test this as an intervention for specific phobia.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4