Rethinking livestock encroachment at a protected area boundary DOI Creative Commons
Wenjing Xu, Bilal Butt

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(38)

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024

The presence of livestock inside protected areas, or “livestock encroachment,” is a global conservation concern because broadly thought to negatively affect wildlife. Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR), Kenya, exemplifies this tension as believed have resulted in the declining wildlife populations, contributing strict and sometimes violent exclusion measures targeting pastoralists. However, research embedded real-world setting that draws insights from social–ecological contexts lacking. In study, we conducted 19 mo ecological monitoring covering 60 sites MMNR found cattle reserve did not significantly impact most co-occurring wild herbivores at current intensity. Using Hierarchical Modeling Species Communities Gaussian copula graphic models, showed had no direct associations—neither negative nor positive—with nearly all despite frequently sharing same space. Moreover, detect resource degradation correlated with near boundary. Given colonial legacy land use history Mara, entering becomes only viable option for many herders. These results corroborate emerging perspective impacts extensively herded on might be more nuanced than previously thought. To effectively balance needs people, livestock, wildlife, rigid need reassessed holistically consider herbivore ecology, local history, modern politics area management.

Язык: Английский

Impacts of large herbivores on terrestrial ecosystems DOI Open Access
Robert M. Pringle, Joel O. Abraham, T. Michael Anderson

и другие.

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(11), С. R584 - R610

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

93
Trophic rewilding as a restoration approach under emerging novel biosphere conditions DOI
Jens‐Christian Svenning, Robert Buitenwerf, Elizabeth le Roux

и другие.

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(9), С. R435 - R451

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

32
The generality of cryptic dietary niche differences in diverse large-herbivore assemblages DOI Creative Commons
Johan Pansu, Matthew C. Hutchinson, T. Michael Anderson

и другие.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(35)

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2022

Ecological niche differences are necessary for stable species coexistence but often difficult to discern. Models of dietary differentiation in large mammalian herbivores invoke the quality, quantity, and spatiotemporal distribution plant tissues growth forms agnostic toward food identity. Empirical support these models is variable, suggesting that additional mechanisms resource partitioning may be important sustaining large-herbivore diversity African savannas. We used DNA metabarcoding conduct a taxonomically explicit analysis diets across southeastern Africa, analyzing ∼4,000 fecal samples 30 from 10 sites seven countries over 6 y. detected 893 taxa 124 families, just two families—grasses legumes—accounted majority herbivore diets. Nonetheless, almost invariably partitioned taxa; diet composition differed significantly 97% pairwise comparisons between sympatric species, dissimilarity was pronounced even strictest grazers (grass eaters), browsers (nongrass closest relatives at each site. Niche weakest an ecosystem recovering catastrophic defaunation, indicating driven by interactions, stronger low rainfall, as expected if interspecific competition predominant driver. Diets more than grazers, which predictably shaped community organization: Grazer-dominated trophic networks had higher nestedness lower modularity. That structured along taxonomic lines complements prior work on how partition parts patches suggests common govern assembly

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

56
Food webs reveal coexistence mechanisms and community organization in carnivores DOI Creative Commons
Qi Lu, C. H. Cheng, Lingyun Xiao

и другие.

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(4), С. 647 - 659.e5

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

23
Interplay of competition and facilitation in grazing succession by migrant Serengeti herbivores DOI Open Access
T. Michael Anderson, Staci A. Hepler, Ricardo M. Holdø

и другие.

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 383(6684), С. 782 - 788

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Competition, facilitation, and predation offer alternative explanations for successional patterns of migratory herbivores. However, these interactions are difficult to measure, leaving uncertainty about the mechanisms underlying body-size-dependent grazing-and even whether succession occurs at all. We used data from an 8-year camera-trap survey, GPS-collared herbivores, fecal DNA metabarcoding analyze timing, arrival order, among grazers in Serengeti National Park. Temporal grazing is characterized by a "push-pull" dynamic: Competitive nudges zebra ahead co-migrating wildebeest, whereas grass consumption large-bodied migrants attracts trailing, small-bodied gazelle that benefit facilitation. "Natural experiments" involving intense wildfires rainfall respectively disrupted strengthened effects. Our results highlight balance between facilitative competitive forces co-regulating large-scale ungulate migrations.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

12
Diet-microbiome covariation across three giraffe species in a close-contact zone DOI Creative Commons
Elin Videvall, Brian A. Gill, Michael B. Brown

и другие.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. e03480 - e03480

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Megaherbivores provide biotic resistance against alien plant dominance DOI
Ninad Avinash Mungi, Yadvendradev V. Jhala, Qamar Qureshi

и другие.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(10), С. 1645 - 1653

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Trait-based sensitivity of large mammals to a catastrophic tropical cyclone DOI
Reena H. Walker, Matthew C. Hutchinson, Justine A. Becker

и другие.

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 623(7988), С. 757 - 764

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

17
Resource partitioning in a novel herbivore assemblage in South America DOI Creative Commons
Julia Carolina Mata, CHARLES DAVISON, Tobias Guldberg Frøslev

и другие.

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 93(5), С. 606 - 618

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

Abstract Human‐induced species declines and extinctions have led to the downsizing of large‐herbivore assemblages, with implications for many ecosystem processes. Active reintroduction extirpated large herbivores or their functional equivalents may help reverse this trend restore diverse ecosystems However, it is unclear whether resource competition between native non‐native could threaten restoration initiatives, what extent (re)introduced influence local vegetation dynamics. To answer these questions, we investigated diets a novel South American herbivore assemblage that includes resident species, reintroduced introduced species. We examined plant composition, diet breadth overlap describe herbivory profile potential competition. Using DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples ( n = 465), analysed in Rincón del Socorro rewilding area Iberá National Park, Argentina. compared richness samples, occurrence families/growth forms compositional similarity (inter‐ intraspecifically). Our results indicate species‐level taxonomic partitioning resources by system. Differences sample richness, composition reflected range strategies, from grazers (capybara) mixed feeders/browsers (brocket deer, lowland tapir). (Jaccard) revealed strong partitioning. The two most similar (Pampas deer brocket deer) still differed more than 80%. Furthermore, all but one (axis had intraspecifically others. Overall, found little evidence Instead, recently historically non‐natives are likely expanding dynamics ecosystem. Further research will be needed determine full ecological impacts herbivores. In conclusion, show clear differences among native, key promoting partitioning, coexistence function.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Dietary metabarcoding reveals the simplification of bird–pest interaction networks across a gradient of agricultural cover DOI Creative Commons
Luís P. da Silva, Vanessa A. Mata, Pedro B. Lopes

и другие.

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(8)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Agriculture is vital for supporting human populations, but its intensification often leads to landscape homogenization and a decline in non-provisioning ecosystem services. Ecological multifunctional landscapes are suggested as nature-based alternatives intensive agriculture, using ecological processes like natural pest regulation maximize food production. Birds recognized their role increasing crop yields by consuming invertebrate pests several agroecosystems. However, the understanding of how bird species, traits agricultural land cover influence structure bird-pest interactions remains limited. We sampled monthly 1 year, at four sites within landscape, following gradient cover. analysed 2583 droppings 55 species with DNA metabarcoding detected 225 1139 samples 42 species. As expected, were highly variable across Dietary richness was lower fully site, while predation frequency remained consistent gradient. Network analysis revealed reduction complexity coverage increased. Bird abundance affected bird's contribution network more than any (weight, phenology, diet foraging strata), common birds being important structure. Overall, our results show that increases interactions. This shows importance maintaining patches biodiversity conservation enhanced biocontrol.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5