A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina DOI Creative Commons
Tom Baden, Juan M Angueyra, Jenny M. Bosten

и другие.

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(5), С. e3003157 - e3003157

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Vertebrate photoreceptors have been studied for well over a century, but fixed nomenclature referring to orthologous cell types across diverse species has lacking. Instead, variably—and often confusingly—named according morphology, presence/absence of ‘rhodopsin’, spectral sensitivity, chromophore usage, and/or the gene family opsin(s) they express. Here, we propose unified vertebrate rods and cones that aligns with naming systems other retinal classes is based on photoreceptor type’s putative evolutionary history. This classification informed by functional, anatomical, developmental, molecular identities neuron as whole, including expression deeply conserved transcription factors required development. The proposed names will be applicable all vertebrates indicative widest possible range properties, their postsynaptic wiring, hence allude common species-specific roles in vision. Furthermore, system open-ended accommodate future discovery as-yet unknown types.

Язык: Английский

Avian photoreceptor homologies and the origin of double cones DOI Creative Commons
Yu Liu, Emily G. Hurley,

Yohey Ogawa

и другие.

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Birds possess the most complex photoreceptor system among vertebrates, with one rod and six cone types, including four single cones (violet, blue, green, red) two constituent cells of double (DC-P DC-A). The evolutionary relationships avian photoreceptors to those other vertebrate taxa have not been systematically explored. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on retinas newly hatched chickens trace cell-type homologies across species. Analysis differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) suggests that rods types correspond cognate cell in fish placental mammals, whereas a distinct origin. We propose DC-P arose from an ancestral red cone, as revealed by expression fate determinants thyroid hormone receptor β (THRB) SAMD7, DC-A may arisen blue suggested TFs FOXQ2 SKOR1. These signatures are shared green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis), suggesting conservation throughout Sauropsida. Consistent our hypothesis, CRISPR-mediated knockout THRB causes loss DC-P, but DC-A, appearance supernumerary cones, suggestive direct transfating. Furthermore, cis-regulatory analysis separate enhancers control opsin consistent origins. Taken together, studies suggest origins respectively.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina DOI Creative Commons
Tom Baden, Juan M Angueyra, Jenny M. Bosten

и другие.

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(5), С. e3003157 - e3003157

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Vertebrate photoreceptors have been studied for well over a century, but fixed nomenclature referring to orthologous cell types across diverse species has lacking. Instead, variably—and often confusingly—named according morphology, presence/absence of ‘rhodopsin’, spectral sensitivity, chromophore usage, and/or the gene family opsin(s) they express. Here, we propose unified vertebrate rods and cones that aligns with naming systems other retinal classes is based on photoreceptor type’s putative evolutionary history. This classification informed by functional, anatomical, developmental, molecular identities neuron as whole, including expression deeply conserved transcription factors required development. The proposed names will be applicable all vertebrates indicative widest possible range properties, their postsynaptic wiring, hence allude common species-specific roles in vision. Furthermore, system open-ended accommodate future discovery as-yet unknown types.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0