Reductionist science in agriculture and horticulture

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Science ensures that explanations and predictions about the biological physical worlds are verifiable, while also providing an approach enables improved understanding to develop be permanently recorded. There several terms in common usage describe approaches used scientific research, but at extremes, words such as ‘reductionism’ ‘holism’ now frequently encountered. While singular reductionism can result key relationships linkages being missed, holism appears ignore need identify how confounding factors affect quality of derived from complex systems. Here we suggest science is not a simple dichotomy versus holism. Instead, it comprises more fluid mission. However, within multidisciplinary agricultural horticultural one regularly finds like ‘systems’, ‘integration’, ‘unifying’. Reductionist certainly part pursuit holistic solutions problems, least transdisciplinary research.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Biotechnology in Remediation of Cadmium from Contaminated Site

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Pasture productivity in New Zealand 1990–2020: trends, expectations, and key factors

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 44

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2024

Pasture productivity gains are critical for maintaining global competitiveness of New Zealand's $38 billion p.a. animal product export industries. This review reveals that in pasture eaten on dairy farms declined sharply after ∼ 2001/02, from +1.48% yr−1 to +0.26% despite continued increases nitrogen (N) fertiliser use, stocking rate, irrigation, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and products plant breeding programmes. Thus, (outputs relative inputs) have also declined. Almost all the increase since 1990 can be explained by N rate. Many may reached peak yields possible within climatic environment late twentieth century. Meanwhile, climate change northern regions is placing downward pressure growth persistence. Climate emerges as a key cause declining production sheep/beef some regions, while elsewhere predicted under warming elevated CO2 not materialised. There major strategic knowledge gap regarding state resilience national resource which potentially constrains optimal allocation scarce research resources issues affecting future financial environmental sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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The Implications for Risk Management in the Era of Technological Advancements

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024

Amidst a period characterised by swift technological progress, risk management encounters unparalleled obstacles and prospects. The many facets of this paradigm change are examined in paper. Conventional assessment techniques need to as businesses revolutionised technologies like blockchain, IoT, artificial intelligence. Even though these advances increase production efficiency, they also bring new vulnerabilities, which means profiles be reevaluated. Furthermore, cascading risks made more likely the growing interconnection global systems. Cybersecurity becomes critical, necessitating advanced precautions protect private data. Moreover, instruments for prediction mitigation possible combination machine learning predictive analytics. ethical implications automated decision-making, on other hand, necessitate careful examination. Organisations must promote adaptability volatile terrain fostering culture constant innovation. Navigating difficulties effectively will define an enterprise’s resilience durability digitally driven future. This chapter explores era advancements how those could mitigated. methodology employed was secondary sources, gathered data evaluated using text content generate key insights.

Язык: Английский

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Rationally Designed Novel Antimicrobial Peptides Targeting Chitin Synthase for Combating Soybean Phytophthora Blight

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(6), С. 3512 - 3512

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Soybean phytophthora blight is a severe menace to global agriculture, causing annual losses surpassing USD 1 billion. Present crop loss mitigation strategies primarily rely on chemical pesticides and disease-resistant breeding, frequently surpassed by the pathogens' quick adaptive evolution. In this urgent scenario, our research delves into innovative antimicrobial peptides characterized low drug resistance environmental friendliness. Inhibiting chitin synthase gene activity in Phytophthora sojae impairs vital functions such as growth sporulation, presenting an effective method reduce its pathogenic impact. study, we screened 16 previously tested evaluate their effects against using structure-guided design, which involves molecular docking, saturation mutagenesis, dynamics, toxicity prediction. The silico analysis identified AMP_04 with potential inhibitory sojae's synthase. Through three rounds of pin-pointed most triple mutant, TP (D10K, G11I, S14L). Molecular dynamic simulations revealed TP's stability synthase-TP complex transmembrane mechanism, employing all-atom force field. Our findings demonstrate efficacy occupying substrate-binding pocket translocation catalytic channel. Effective inhibition enzyme can be achieved. Specifically, mutant demonstrates enhanced potency decreased relative wild-type AMP_04, utilizing mechanism akin barrel-stave model during membrane translocation. Collectively, study provides new strategy that could used potent agent combatting soybean blight, contributing sustainable agricultural practices.

Язык: Английский

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