Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(12 Edição Especial), С. e6944 - e6944
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024
A encefalite autoimune (EA) é uma doença neurológica rara que afeta crianças, caracterizada pela inflamação do cérebro por resposta imunológica inadequada, frequentemente associada à produção de autoanticorpos. Os pacientes pediátricos podem apresentar vários sintomas, incluindo convulsões, distúrbios psiquiátricos e alterações cognitivas graves.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 845 - 845
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025
Alcohol is the second-most misused substance after tobacco. It has been identified as a causal factor in more than 200 diseases and 5.3% of all deaths associated with significant behavioral, social, economic difficulties. As alcohol consumption may modulate immune system’s regulatory mechanisms to avoid attacking body’s tissues, it proven play dichotomic role autoimmune (ADs) based on quantity consumption. In this review, we report updated evidence ADs, focus addiction human biological system relationship between them, risk or protective factor. Then, narrative main most studied ADs where represents key modulator, including thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes, allergic rhinitis, primary biliary cholangitis. at low–moderate dosages seems mostly have these diseases, while higher dosages, collateral risks surpass possible benefits. The specific by which low-to-moderate intake relieves AD symptoms are not yet fully understood; however, emerging studies suggest that immunomodulatory effect, potentially altering balance anti-inflammatory innate adaptive cells, well cytokines (via NF-κB NLRP3 pathways). might influence composition gut microbiome (increasing amounts beneficial microbes) production their fatty acid metabolites, such short-chain acids (SCFAs) polyunsaturated (PUFAs), elevated concentrations acetate, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), nitric oxide (NO). Unfortunately, definite acceptable daily (ADI) ethanol complicated establish because many despite interesting content findings, there limit applicability should be weighed cases alcoholic drinking recommendations. aim future those pathways involved alcohol-protective various strategies intake.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
FEBS Open Bio, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an anti‐inflammatory and immunoregulatory medication used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) psoriasis. Its skin sensitization property precludes its topical use, which unfortunate for the treatment of Isosorbide di‐(methyl fumarate) (IDMF), a novel derivative DMF, was synthesized circumvent this adverse reaction unlock potential delivery, could be useful treating psoriasis in subpopulation psoriatic MS patients, as well general population. Here, we compared therapeutic non‐sensitizing with DMF version Diroximel three skin‐ neuroinflammation models: lck‐GFP zebrafish, activated BV‐2 murine microglia human T‐lymphocyte Jurkat cell line. The results provide comparative evaluation bioactivity these related chemical entities models relevant expose several advantages unique IDMF.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
eNeurologicalSci, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 38, С. 100550 - 100550
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
Fluid biomarkers such as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Neurofilament Light (NfL) play important roles in the diagnosis, monitoring, evaluation of therapeutic responses conditions Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Aquaporin-4 Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (AQP4-NMOSD). These offer key insights into underlying pathophysiological mechanisms these diseases, enabling effective follow-up personalized treatment approaches, which are essential for improving patient outcomes. Herein, we synthesize structural attributes, functional roles, clinical significance GFAP NfL context MS AQP4-NMOSD. We explore critical implications disease manifestation progression, emphasizing necessity to develop standardized methodologies multicentric studies confirm their applicability.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Medicinska istrazivanja, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 58(1), С. 75 - 81
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It typically presents in early or middle adulthood, pediatric-onset MS (POMS), defined by first attack occurring before age 18, less common. Current data from Danish Sclerosis Registry indicates that nearly 3% patients had onset 18. In comparison with adult-onset MS, POMS have more inflammatory-active course, resulting frequent relapses, but slower long-term disability accumulation. POMS, diagnostic dilemmas may include differentiating acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated (MOGAD), both which most commonly occur among children share some clinical imaging features MS. Inherited leukodystrophies should be considered differential diagnosis only select cases, as their hallmark feature-a progressive course-distinguishes them non-progressive acquired demyelinating syndromes, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. It's important to remember magnetic resonance (MRI) brain spinal cord essential for establishing timely accurate POMS. MRI helps exclude alternative diagnoses, allowing prompt initiation effective treatment.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Brain Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1845, С. 149275 - 149275
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a frequently disabling neurological disorder characterized by symptoms, clinical signs and imaging abnormalities that typically fluctuate over time, affecting any level of the CNS. Prominent lymphocytic inflammation, many genetic susceptibility variants involving immune pathways, as well potent responses neuroinflammatory component to immunomodulating drugs, have led natural conclusion this disease driven primary autoimmune process. In Hypothesis Theory article, we discuss emerging data cast doubt on assumption. After three decades therapeutic experience, what has become clear modulators are highly effective at suppressing inflammatory relapses, yet exhibit very limited effects later progressive phase MS. Moreover, neuropathological examination MS tissue indicates degeneration, CNS atrophy, myelin loss most prominent in stage, when inflammation paradoxically wanes. Finally, observations such "progression independent relapse activity" "silent progression," now thought take hold early course, together argue an underlying "cytodegenerative" process, likely targeting myelinating unit, may fact represent proximal step complex pathophysiological cascade exacerbated overlay. Parallels drawn with more traditional neurodegenerative disorders, where proteopathy prion-like propagation toxic misfolded species known play key role. A potentially pivotal contribution Epstein-Barr virus B cells process also discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(12 Edição Especial), С. e6944 - e6944
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024
A encefalite autoimune (EA) é uma doença neurológica rara que afeta crianças, caracterizada pela inflamação do cérebro por resposta imunológica inadequada, frequentemente associada à produção de autoanticorpos. Os pacientes pediátricos podem apresentar vários sintomas, incluindo convulsões, distúrbios psiquiátricos e alterações cognitivas graves.
Процитировано
0