Anticoagulation Management: Current Landscape and Future Trends

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1647 - 1647

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Blood transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells while removing waste. It also possesses a hemostasis function prevent excessive bleeding. However, abnormal clot formation (thrombosis) within healthy blood vessels can lead life-threatening conditions like heart attacks, strokes, pulmonary embolism. This review explores anticoagulants, their historical aspects, current clinical applications, future trends. Anticoagulants play critical role in preventing treating thrombosis by interfering with different stages of clotting. The journey began heparin, rapidly acting injectable medication discovered 1916. introduction warfarin 1950s revolutionized anticoagulation offering long-term oral regimens. Today, anticoagulants are crucial for managing deep vein embolism, especially an aging population rising prevalence thrombotic complications. Three main types used today: vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), heparins, direct (DOACs). Despite advancements, anticoagulant therapy remains complex due individual patient variability, need regular monitoring, delicate balance between bleeding risks. Emerging trends include development factor XIa inhibitors, which promise more targeted prevention potentially lower highlights ongoing innovation development, precise management, potential avenues inhibitors. Additionally, artificial intelligence holds improving outcomes addressing complexities disease management personalizing reducing

Язык: Английский

Unveiling Pharmacogenomics Insights into Circular RNAs: Toward Precision Medicine in Cancer Therapy

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4), С. 535 - 535

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025

Pharmacogenomics is revolutionizing precision medicine by enabling tailored therapeutic strategies based on an individual genetic and molecular profile. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a distinct subclass of endogenous non-coding RNAs, have recently emerged as key regulators drug resistance, tumor progression, responses. Their covalently closed circular structure provides exceptional stability resistance to exonuclease degradation, positioning them reliable biomarkers novel targets in cancer management. This review comprehensive analysis the interplay between circRNAs pharmacogenomics, focusing their role modulating metabolism, efficacy, toxicity profiles. We examine how circRNA-mediated regulatory networks influence chemotherapy alter targeted therapy responses, impact immunotherapy outcomes. Additionally, we discuss emerging experimental tools bioinformatics techniques for studying circRNAs, including multi-omics integration, machine learning-driven biomarker discovery, high-throughput sequencing technologies. Beyond diagnostic potential, are being actively explored agents delivery vehicles. Recent advancements circRNA-based vaccines, engineered CAR-T cells, synthetic circRNA therapeutics highlight transformative potential oncology. Furthermore, address challenges standardization, reproducibility, clinical translation, emphasizing need rigorous validation frameworks facilitate integration into practice. By incorporating profiling pharmacogenomic strategies, this underscores paradigm shift toward highly personalized therapies. hold immense overcome enhance treatment optimize patient outcomes, marking significant advancement

Язык: Английский