A Geoinformation approach for spatiotemporal mapping of climate change and environmental impacts on food security in Iraq
Abstract
Climate
change
and
its
associated
environmental
challenges
pose
significant
threats
to
food
security,
particularly
in
arid
semi-arid
regions
such
as
Iraq.
This
study
employed
an
integrated
geoinformation
approach
assess
the
spatiotemporal
impact
of
key
stressors
on
agricultural
productivity
over
past
two
decades
(2003–2023).
The
primary
objective
this
was
evaluate
influence
climate
variability,
land
degradation,
water
availability
security
Specifically,
it
aims
analyse
changes
use
cover
(LULC),
surface
temperature
(LST),
vegetation
health
using
Normalised
Difference
Vegetation
Index
(NDVI),
drought
conditions
Palmer
Drought
Severity
(PDSI),
soil
moisture,
pH,
demographic
trends.
A
geospatial
analysis
integrating
remote
sensing
Geographic
Information
System
(GIS)
techniques
(in
short,
Geoinformatio)
conducted
identify
changes.
Satellite-derived
indices,
Salinity
(NDSI),
Turbidity
Index,
Tillage
(NDTI),
were
used
degradation
quality.
findings
revealed
a
increase
LST,
with
peak
temperatures
rising
from
46.6°C
2003
49.9°C
2023,
exacerbating
reducing
viability.
Soil
salinity,
measured
NDSI,
indicated
upward
trend,
reaching
value
0.52
2013,
which
indicates
worsening
degradation.
Water
quality
deteriorated,
reflected
by
turbidity
levels
(NDTI
values
peaking
at
0.49
2008),
affecting
irrigation
suitability.
NDVI
declined
0.41
2018
but
showed
partial
recovery
0.59
suggesting
management
efforts.
identified
high-risk
zones
where
compounded
threaten
security.
results
underscore
effectiveness
approaches
assessing
impacts
agriculture
offer
scientific
foundation
for
policymakers
develop
targeted
mitigation
strategies.
Future
research
should
explore
machine
learning
models
predictive
analyses
region-specific
adaptation
measures
enhance
resilience.
Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Язык: Английский