Reward Processing and Circuit Dysregulation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Май 28, 2021

Past decades have witnessed substantial progress in understanding of neurobiological mechanisms that contribute to generation various PTSD symptoms, including intrusive memories, physiological arousal and avoidance trauma reminders. However, the neurobiology anhedonia emotional numbing PTSD, been conceptualized as reward processing deficits - wanting (anticipation reward) liking (satisfaction with outcome), respectively, remains largely unexplored. Empirical evidence on is rather limited, no studies examined association abnormalities neurocircuitry-based models pathophysiology. The manuscript briefly summarizes “state science” both human processing, implicated neurocircuitry, well empirical PTSD. We then summarize current gaps literature outline key future directions, further illustrating it by example two alternative explanations pathophysiology potentially affecting via different pathways. Studying will not only advance their link, but also could enhance treatment approaches specifically targeting symptoms patients.

Язык: Английский

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A tale of two targets: examining the differential effects of posterior cingulate cortex- and amygdala-targeted fMRI-neurofeedback in a PTSD pilot study

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Introduction Real-time fMRI-based neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-NFB) is a non-invasive technology that enables individuals to self-regulate brain activity linked neuropsychiatric symptoms, including those associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Selecting the target region for neurofeedback-mediated regulation primarily informed by neurobiological characteristics of participant population. There strong link between PTSD symptoms and multiple functional disruptions in brain, hyperactivity within both amygdala posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) during trauma-related processing. As such, previous rt-fMRI-NFB studies have focused on these two regions when training regulate neural activity. However, differential effects selection PTSD-related clinical outcomes not previously been investigated. Methods Here, we compared whole-brain activation changes participants ( n = 28) trained downregulate either 14) or PCC while viewing personalized trauma words. Results For as group, observed decreased several implicated psychopathology – namely, bilateral cuneus/precuneus/primary visual cortex, left superior parietal lobule, occipital pole, right temporal gyrus/temporoparietal junction (TPJ) downregulation using rt-fMRI-NFB. Conversely, there were no unique (i.e., over above group) decreases Importantly, was significantly improved whereas reduced reliving distress course this single session. In pilot analysis, did detect significant between-group differences state neurofeedback. critical control, groups differ their ability respective regions. This indicates subsequent results can be attributed terms neurophysiological function, rather than result group regulatory success. Conclusion study, differentially simultaneous PTSD-associated novel analysis may guide researchers choosing future help establish efficacy specific targets PTSD. A multi-session trial directly compares warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Differential mechanisms of posterior cingulate cortex downregulation and symptom decreases in posttraumatic stress disorder and healthy individuals using real‐time fMRI neurofeedback

Brain and Behavior, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2021

Intrinsic connectivity networks, including the default mode network (DMN), are frequently disrupted in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is main hub of DMN, where therapeutic regulation this region real-time fMRI neurofeedback (NFB) has yet to be explored.We investigated PCC downregulation while processing trauma/stressful words over 3 NFB training runs and a transfer run without (total n = 29, PTSD 14, healthy controls 15). We also examined predictive accuracy machine learning models classifying versus during training.Both control groups demonstrated reduced reliving symptoms response stimuli, group additionally showed distress. found that both were able downregulate similar success run, although was associated unique within-group decreases activation within bilateral dmPFC, postcentral gyrus, right amygdala/hippocampus, cortex, temporal pole/gyri. By contrast, increased dlPFC among as compared PTSD. During downregulation, negatively correlated symptom severity scores difficulties emotion regulation. Finally, algorithms classify participants based on brain 80% accuracy.This first study investigate controls. Our results reveal acute provide converging evidence for EEG-NFB targeting networks linked PCC.

Язык: Английский

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Why We Need a Developmentally Appropriate Trauma Diagnosis for Children: a 10-Year Update on Developmental Trauma Disorder

Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 16(2), С. 403 - 418

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Decreased brain network global efficiency after attachment memories retrieval in individuals with unresolved/disorganized attachment-related state of mind

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2022

Abstract The main aim of the study was to examine how brain network metrics change after retrieval attachment memories in individuals with unresolved/disorganized (U/D) attachment-related state mind and those organized/resolved (O/R) mind. We focused on three associated integration segregation: global (E glob ) efficiency for first function, local loc modularity second. also examined assortativity centrality metrics. Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings were performed before Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) a sample 50 previously assessed parenting quality. Functional connectivity matrices constructed by means exact Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA) software then imported into MATLAB compute Compared O/R mind, U/D show significant decrease beta E AAI. No statistically difference among groups emerged AAI, neither nor betweenness centrality. These results may help better understand neurophysiological patterns underlying disintegrative effects retrieving traumatic disorganized relation attachment.

Язык: Английский

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