Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs)
are
increasingly
prevalent
in
our
aging
population,
imposing
significant
social
and
economic
burdens.
Currently,
most
ND
patients
receive
only
symptomatic
treatment
due
to
limited
understanding
of
their
underlying
causes.
Consequently,
there
is
a
pressing
need
for
comprehensive
research
into
the
pathological
mechanisms
NDs
by
both
researchers
clinicians.
Autophagy,
cellular
mechanism
responsible
maintaining
equilibrium
removing
dysfunctional
organelles
misfolded
proteins,
plays
vital
role
cell
health
implicated
various
diseases.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
exert
influence
on
autophagy
hold
promise
treating
these
These
small
oligonucleotides
bind
3'-untranslated
region
(UTR)
target
mRNAs,
leading
mRNA
silencing,
degradation,
or
translation
blockade.
This
review
explores
recent
findings
regulation
autophagy-related
genes
different
miRNAs
conditions,
including
neurodegeneration
inflammation-related
The
recognition
as
key
regulators
human
has
spurred
investigations
pharmacological
compounds
traditional
medicines
targeting
disease
models.
catalyzed
new
wave
therapeutic
interventions
aimed
at
modulating
autophagy.
Neural Regeneration Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
19(5), С. 1150 - 1155
Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023
Parkinson's
disease
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
characterized
by
motor
deficits,
dopaminergic
neuron
loss,
and
brain
accumulation
of
α-synuclein
aggregates
called
Lewy
bodies.
Dysfunction
in
protein
degradation
pathways,
such
as
autophagy,
has
been
demonstrated
neurons
critical
mechanism
for
eliminating
disease.
However,
it
less
well
understood
how
are
eliminated
glia,
the
other
cell
type
brain.
In
present
study,
we
show
that
autophagy-related
gene
9
(Atg9),
only
transmembrane
autophagy
machinery,
highly
expressed
Drosophila
glia
from
adult
Results
immunostaining
live
imaging
analysis
reveal
portion
Atg9
localizes
to
trans-Golgi
network,
autophagosomes,
lysosomes
glia.
persistently
contact
with
these
organelles.
Lacking
glial
atg9
reduces
number
omegasomes
impairs
autophagic
substrate
degradation.
This
suggests
participates
early
steps
hence
control
Importantly,
loss
induces
parkinsonian
symptoms
including
neurons,
locomotion
activation.
Our
findings
identify
functional
role
establish
potential
link
between
These
results
may
provide
new
insights
on
underlying
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
1869(2), С. 159444 - 159444
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2023
Specific
membrane
lipids
play
unique
roles
in
(macro)autophagy.
Those
include
phosphatidylethanolamine,
to
which
LC3/GABARAP
autophagy
proteins
become
covalently
bound
the
process,
or
cardiolipin,
an
important
effector
mitochondrial
(or
mitophagy).
Ceramide
(Cer),
N-acyl
sphingosine,
is
one
of
simplest
sphingolipids,
known
as
a
stress
signal
apoptotic
pathway.
Moreover,
Cer
increasingly
being
recognized
activator,
although
its
mechanism
action
unclear.
In
present
review,
proposed
are
summarized,
together
with
some
biophysical
properties
membranes.
Possible
pathways
for
activation
discussed,
including
specific
protein
binding
lipid,
and
Cer-dependent
perturbation
bilayer
properties.
generation
lateral
inhomogeneities
(domain
formation)
given
special
attention.
Recent
results,
fluorescence
atomic
force
microscopy
data,
show
Cer-promoted
enhanced
lipid
bilayers.
These
observations
could
be
interpreted
terms
putative
formation
Cer-rich
nanodomains.
Autophagy,
an
essential
cellular
process
for
maintaining
homeostasis
and
eliminating
harmful
cytoplasmic
objects,
involves
the
de
novo
formation
of
double-membraned
autophagosomes
that
engulf
degrade
debris,
protein
aggregates,
damaged
organelles,
pathogens.
Central
to
this
is
phagophore,
which
forms
from
donor
membranes
rich
in
lipids
synthesized
at
various
sites,
including
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER),
has
emerged
as
a
primary
source.
The
ER-associated
omegasomes,
characterized
by
their
distinctive
omega-shaped
structure
accumulation
phosphatidylinositol
3-phosphate
(PI3P),
play
pivotal
role
autophagosome
formation.
Omegasomes
are
thought
serve
platforms
phagophore
assembly
recruiting
proteins
such
DFCP1/ZFYVE1
facilitating
lipid
transfer
expand
phagophore.
Despite
critical
importance
biogenesis,
many
aspects
remain
poorly
understood,
particularly
complete
range
involved
omegasome
dynamics,
detailed
mechanisms
membrane
contact
site
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs)
are
increasingly
prevalent
in
our
aging
population,
imposing
significant
social
and
economic
burdens.
Currently,
most
ND
patients
receive
only
symptomatic
treatment
due
to
limited
understanding
of
their
underlying
causes.
Consequently,
there
is
a
pressing
need
for
comprehensive
research
into
the
pathological
mechanisms
NDs
by
both
researchers
clinicians.
Autophagy,
cellular
mechanism
responsible
maintaining
equilibrium
removing
dysfunctional
organelles
misfolded
proteins,
plays
vital
role
cell
health
implicated
various
diseases.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
exert
influence
on
autophagy
hold
promise
treating
these
These
small
oligonucleotides
bind
3'-untranslated
region
(UTR)
target
mRNAs,
leading
mRNA
silencing,
degradation,
or
translation
blockade.
This
review
explores
recent
findings
regulation
autophagy-related
genes
different
miRNAs
conditions,
including
neurodegeneration
inflammation-related
The
recognition
as
key
regulators
human
has
spurred
investigations
pharmacological
compounds
traditional
medicines
targeting
disease
models.
catalyzed
new
wave
therapeutic
interventions
aimed
at
modulating
autophagy.
