Beyond vessels: unraveling the impact of VEGFs on neuronal functions and structure

Journal of Biomedical Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 32(1)

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Neurons rely on the bloodstream for essential nutrients and oxygen, which is facilitated by an intricate coupling of neuronal vascular systems. Central to this neurovascular interaction endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, a group secreted factors traditionally known their roles in promoting cell proliferation, migration, survival cardiovascular lymphatic However, emerging evidence shows that VEGFs also play indispensable nervous system, extending beyond canonical angiogenic lymphangiogenic functions. Over past two decades, have been found exert direct effects neurons, influencing key aspects function independently actions cells. In particular, it has become increasingly evident crucial functions development, regulation, maintenance morphology. Understanding development high scientific clinical interest because significance precise morphology neural connectivity network function, as well association morphological abnormalities with neurological neurodegenerative disorders. This review begins overview VEGF family members, structural characteristics, receptors, established vasculature. then highlights focuses exciting variety VEGFs, especially role

Язык: Английский

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Covert cerebrospinal fluid dynamics dysfunction: evolution from conventional to innovative therapies

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics disorders are intricately linked to diverse neurological pathologies, though they usually mild and covert. Contemporary insights into glymphatic system function, particularly the CSF transport, drainage, its role in clearing metabolic waste toxic substances both normal pathological states, pivotal of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) CSF-interstitial (ISF) exchange, have established novel theoretical frameworks subclinical dysfunction, promoted development non-surgical therapeutic approaches for them simultaneously. This review comprehensively analyzes advancement interventions disorders, emphasizing transition from methodologies innovative approaches. Current treatment strategies primarily encompass three directions: pharmacological therapy, physical biological regulation therapy. In terms interventions, developments traditional diuretics small-molecule drugs show promising potential. techniques such as lower body negative pressure, transcranial magnetic stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation provided new options clinical practice. Meanwhile, exemplified by recombinant VEGF-C administration, has paradigms. These demonstrated potential improving enhancing elimination. Future research should focus on developing individualized protocols, elucidating mechanisms, assessing longitudinal outcomes. will facilitate more precise exploration optimized multimodal combinations handling so-called convert dysfunction.

Язык: Английский

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Glymphatic system dysfunction and cerebrospinal fluid retention in gliomas: evidence from perivascular space diffusion and volumetric analysis

Cancer Imaging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Abstract Background Gliomas may impair glymphatic function and alter cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics through structural brain changes, potentially affecting peritumoral edema (PTBE) clearance. This study investigated the impact of gliomas on system CSF volume via diffusion tensor imaging analysis along perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) volumetric magnetic resonance (MRI), which clarified relationships between tumor characteristics disruption. Methods In this prospective study, 112 glioma patients 56 healthy controls underwent MRI to calculate DTI-ALPS indices perform analyses CSF, tumor, PTBE. Statistical were used assess index, volume, PTBE clinical characteristics. Results Glioma had significantly lower (1.266 ± 0.258 vs. 1.395 0.174, p < 0.001) greater volumes (174.53 34.89 cm³ 154.25 20.89 cm³, than did. The index was inversely correlated with ( r = -0.353, -0.266, 0.015). High-grade associated larger (all 0.001). Tumor grade emerged as an independent predictor in multivariate (β -0.244, 0.011). Conclusion are significant dysfunction, evidenced by reduced increased volumes. serves a potential biomarker disruption patients, offering insights into tumor-related changes pathophysiology brain-tumor interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Baicalein ameliorates cognitive decline induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion through the SIRT1-mediated Notch1 pathway to improve angiogenesis and suppress neuroinflammation

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Introduction The potential for therapeutic strategies that promote angiogenesis and suppress neuroinflammation to ameliorate cognitive decline induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) has led their recognition as promising targets vascular dementia (VD). SIRT1-mediated Notch1 signaling pathway is important in regulating neuroinflammation. Previous studies have demonstrated baicalein alleviates rats with CCH. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether can stimulate the context of VD this protective effect achieved pathway. aim study was investigate impact underlying mechanism on Methods Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) were administered or a SIRT1 inhibitor. Cognitive function assessed Morris water maze (MWM) test, immunohistochemical analysis microvascular density (MVD) number CD31+/5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU)+ cells. Neuroinflammation apoptosis immunohistochemistry GFAP, Iba-1, NEUN/cleaved caspase-3, ELISA TNF-α IL-1β. Additionally, Western blotting employed evaluate expression Results results ameliorated memory learning deficits following CCH promoting suppressing However, could be reversed inhibiting SIRT1. Baicalein observed up-regulate down-regulate Notch1-related molecules. Discussion SIRT1-related plays crucial role Moreover, exerts neuroprotective against through pathway, which turn improves suppresses

Язык: Английский

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Neuroinflammation and acute ischemic stroke: impact on translational research and clinical care

Frontiers in Surgery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025

Stroke, encompassing both ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes, is a leading cause of mortality disability globally current treatments remain limited. Neuroinflammation plays crucial role in the pathophysiology stroke, influencing acute injury long-term recovery. This review aims to provide comprehensive overview neuroinflammation detailing mechanisms, clinical implications, potential therapeutic strategies. A detailed literature was conducted, focusing on recent advancements understanding neuroinflammatory processes including roles thromboinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, immune response. The initial insult triggers an inflammatory cascade involving innate adaptive responses. BBB disruption allows peripheral cells neurotoxic substances infiltrate brain, exacerbating neuronal damage increasing risk infections such as pneumonia urinary tract infections. Thromboinflammation, characterized by platelet activation cell interactions, further complicates environment. Proteomic studies have identified key biomarkers that offer insights into mechanisms targets. Advances imaging techniques, PET MRI, enable real-time monitoring neuroinflammation, facilitating personalized treatment approaches. significantly impacts stroke outcomes, presenting challenges opportunities for treatment. Current immunologic strategies are Future research should aim elucidate complex interactions refine use, develop effective interventions mitigate neuroinflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Meningeal lymphatic drainage: novel insights into central nervous system disease

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Май 4, 2025

Abstract In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that meningeal lymphatic drainage plays a significant role in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Studies have indicated CNS diseases and conditions associated with dysfunction include neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, infections, traumatic brain injury, tumors, functional cranial disorders, hydrocephalus. However, the understanding of regulatory damage mechanisms lymphatics under physiological pathological is currently limited. Given importance profound interplay between this review covers seven key aspects: development structure vessels, methods for observing lymphatics, function molecular relationships vessels potential conclusions outstanding questions. We will explore relationship development, structure, current both animal models humans, identify unresolved points research. The aim to provide new directions future research therapeutic strategies targeting by critically analyzing advancements field, identifying gaps knowledge, proposing innovative approaches address these gaps.

Язык: Английский

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A minimally invasive thrombotic model to study stroke in awake mice

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Май 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis reveals: NXC improves cardiac lymphangiogenesis through miR-126-3p/SPRED1 regulating the VEGF-C axis to ameliorate post-myocardial infarction heart failure

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 119959 - 119959

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal dynamic changes of meningeal microenvironment influence meningeal lymphatic function following subarachnoid hemorrhage: from inflammatory response to tissue remodeling

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

Meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) play a critical role in clearing erythrocytes from the subarachnoid space and immune cells brain parenchyma following hemorrhage (SAH). However, drainage function of mLVs is impaired during acute stage after SAH gradually recovers subacute phase. We aimed to investigate meningeal transcriptional response post-SAH elucidate dynamic influence microenvironment on function. employed bioinformatics analysis single-cell RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics characterize spatiotemporal changes early post-SAH. In mouse model SAH, potential growth factor that promoted repair were further investigated validated. During phase, myeloid infiltrated meninges triggered inflammatory responses. fibroblast population expanded significantly, contributing tissue remodeling. The interplay between fibroblasts regulated cell migration phenotypic transition, potentially affecting mLVs. Notably, placental (PGF) emerged as most prominent ligand within VEGF signaling pathway received by endothelial (mLECs) This event was associated with recovery Our study revealed transformation an "inflammatory response" phase "tissue remodeling" SAH. Monocyte-derived macrophages self-recruiting neutrophils contributed impairment stage, while PGF might serve key promoting response. These findings provided novel insights into cellular dynamics underlying dysfunction

Язык: Английский

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CSF transport at the brain–meningeal border: effects on neurological health and disease

The Lancet Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(6), С. 535 - 547

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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