Widespread evolution of poricidal flowers: A striking example of morphological convergence across flowering plants

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2024

Summary The evolution of tube-like floral morphologies that control pollen release via small openings (functionally poricidal flowers) represents a taxonomically and geographically widespread instance repeated independent functionally similar morphology. Poricidal flowers are often closely associated with buzz pollination by bees, but we lack an updated angiosperm-wide survey their phylogenetic distribution. We identify all presently known angiosperm genera containing literature survey. determined the distribution minimum number gains losses genus-level species level phylogeny. estimated if is changes in speciation/extinction diversification rate analyses. occur across at least 87 families 635 > 28,000 species. At genus level, more than 200 145 occurred. Across angiosperms, analyses suggest flower lower net rates (origination-extinction). Species-level argue no linked to morphology within two focal found family-specific effects. present different hypotheses for functional significance flowers, including its association pollination, future directions studies elucidating extent which morphological convergence correlated.

Язык: Английский

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Global patterns and drivers of buzzing bees and poricidal plants

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(14), С. 3055 - 3063.e5

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Discrete element simulation of buzz pollination in tomato

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Buzz pollination is essential for plants which have poricidal anther dehiscence, such as tomato. Due to the lack of microscopic level observations and precise analyses buzz process, mechanism tomato pollen ejection during unclear. In this study, Micro-CT imaging was used measure internal structure size flowers. Then, a discrete element simulation 3D model standardized flower constructed. Finally, process collision adhesion between grains directly solved by numerical calculations. By comparing analyzing with existing research results, developed. This study provides an intuitive, feasible, simple yet efficient method pollination, helpful understand explore from pored anthers mechanical or natural bee-induced vibrations.

Язык: Английский

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Vibration mechanics involved in buzz pollination lead to size-dependent associations between bumblebees and Pedicularis flowers

Science China Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Pollen, anther, stamen, and androecium mimicry

Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(3), С. 349 - 368

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Floral colours represent a highly diverse communication signal mainly involved in flower visitors' attraction and guidance, but also discrimination, filtering non-pollinators discouraging floral antagonists. The divergent visual systems colour preferences of visitors, as well the necessity cues for detection foster diversity patterns. Despite bewildering patterns, recurrent component is yellow UV-absorbing centre, it still not clear why this pattern so frequent angiosperms. pollen, anther, stamen, androecium mimicry (PASAM) hypothesis suggests that system composed flowers possessing such reproductive structures, displaying central structures guides, pollen-collecting, pollen-eating, visitors responding to signals constitute world's most speciose system. In review, we call attention researchers some hypothetical PASAM around globe, presenting fascinating examples illustrate their huge diversity. We will present new published data on pollen-eating pollen-collecting pollinators' responses supporting discuss how widespread these are globe. Ultimately, our goal promote idea plausible first approach understanding patterns

Язык: Английский

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Buzz-pollinating bees deliver thoracic vibrations to flowers through periodic biting

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(18), С. 4104 - 4113.e3

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024

Pollinator behavior is vital to plant-pollinator interactions, affecting the acquisition of floral rewards, patterns pollen transfer, and plant reproductive success. During buzz pollination, bees produce vibrations with their indirect flight muscles extract from tube-like flowers. Vibrations can be transmitted flower via mandibles, abdomen, legs, or thorax directly. Vibration amplitude at determines rate release should vary coupling bee flower. This often occurs through anther biting, but no studies have quantified how biting affects vibration. Here, we used high-speed filmography investigate vibration changes during in Bombus terrestris visiting two species buzz-pollinated flowering plants: Solanum dulcamara rostratum (Solanaceae). We found that buzzing drives head up 3 times greater than those thorax, which doubles compared transmission when not biting. However, efficiency this depends on angle bites anther. Variation mechanisms, combined diversity across species, yields a rich assortment potential strategies could employ access rewards

Язык: Английский

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Biomechanical properties of non-flight vibrations produced by bees

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 227(12)

Опубликована: Май 22, 2024

Bees use thoracic vibrations produced by their indirect flight muscles for powering wingbeats in flight, but also during mating, pollination, defence and nest building. Previous work on non-flight has mostly focused acoustic (airborne vibrations) spectral properties (frequency domain). However, mechanical such as the vibration's acceleration amplitude are important some behaviours, e.g. buzz where higher remove more pollen from flowers. Bee have been studied only a handful of species we know very little about how they vary among species. In this study, conducted largest survey to date biomechanical bee buzzes. We buzzes can be induced experimentally provide common currency compare taxa. analysed 15,000 306 individuals 65 six families Mexico, Scotland Australia. found strong association between body size Comparison genera that buzz-pollinate those do not suggests buzz-pollinating bees produce with amplitude. no relationship fundamental frequency Although our results suggest is major determinant vibrations, observed considerable variation vibration equivalent even within individuals. Both morphology behaviour thus affect

Язык: Английский

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The specialised buzz pollination syndrome poses a partial barrier to plant invasions

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(8), С. 1686 - 1700

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Abstract Plants that exhibit generalised pollination syndromes have been hypothesised to become invasive more easily compared with specialists, yet the degree which specialised traits inhibit plant invasions is unknown. One such specialisation buzz syndrome, encompasses floral restrict pollen access (typically poricidal anthers) and benefits from insect behaviour for extraction. We reviewed literature on of plants assess whether: (1) species exhibiting are underrepresented as species, (2) can reproduce in absence specialist buzzing pollinators. Synthesis . found 2.5% (117/4630) angiosperms anthers, an underrepresentation proportion global estimated anthers (6%–10%). Most buzz‐pollinated genetically self‐compatible (97%), but only 43% set fruit a pollinator. Our findings highlight importance establishing new pollinator mutualisms sexual reproduction. However, we identified six non‐buzzing behaviours used extract important where pollinators may be absent or not attracted newly introduced species.

Язык: Английский

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The fate of pollen in two morphologically contrasting buzz-pollinated Solanum flowers

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

ABSTRACT Study premise Pollen transfer efficiency (PTE) and pollen deposition patterns on a pollinator’s body significantly influence plant reproductive success. However, studies fates (i.e., the destination of grains after being released) in animal-pollinated species, particularly those offering as sole reward, are limited. Here, we investigated two nectarless, buzz-pollinated Solanum species with contrasting floral morphology. Methods We conducted experimental trials involving one donor four recipient flowers rostratum S. dulcamara , using captive Bombus terrestris pollinator. After each trial, assessed amount remaining anthers, deposited stigmas, placed pollinator, falling to ground. then estimated PTE, modelled their curves. Key results found that produced more but had restricted dispensing schedule compared . Although PTE was similar between (0.72% vs. 1.07%, for dulcamara, respectively), loss mainly occurred due ground bee grooming potentially explained by different architectures. Both exhibited typical exponential decay pattern deposition, first visited receiving most outcross pollen. Conclusions Our suggest pollen-rewarding, is quantitatively nectar-rewarding single units (PTE = 1-2%), buzz- pollinated flower architectures achieve although through pollen-loss pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Buzz-world: Global patterns and drivers of buzzing bees and poricidal plants

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

SUMMARY Foraging behavior frequently plays a major role in driving the geographic distribution of animals. Buzzing to extract protein-rich pollen from flowers is key foraging used by bee species across at least 83 genera (these comprise ∼58% all species). Although buzzing widely recognized affect ecology and evolution bees flowering plants (e.g., buzz-pollinated flowers), global patterns drivers biogeography remain unexplored. Here, we investigate within each family how differ with respect species. We found that both distributional richness typically differed for compared hotspots when grouped family. A predictor distribution, but not overall members four five families included analyses (Andrenidae, Halictidae, Colletidae lesser extent, Apidae) was poricidal plant species, which depend on pollination. As highest areas low wind high aridity, discuss biodiversity are likely driven biogeographic factors host availability. Whilst explored State-level data, higher resolution work needed explore local level patterns, perspective, clearly play greater than previously predicted.

Язык: Английский

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