Population‐specific responses to developmental temperature in the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus: Implications for climate change

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract The increase of environmental temperature due to current global warming is not only favouring the expansion distribution range many insect species, but it also changing their phenology. Insect phenology tightly linked developmental timing, which regulated by temperatures. However, degree effects temperatures extend across stages and inter‐stage relationships have been thoroughly quantified in mosquitoes. Here, we used mosquito Aedes albopictus , an aggressive invasive species arboviral vector, study how influences fitness stages, thermal traits, energy reserves, transcriptome Wolbachia prevalence laboratory‐reared populations originally collected from either temperate or tropical regions. We show that hatchability, larval pupal viability speed are strongly influenced temperature, these wing length, body mass, longevity content water, protein lipids adults a population‐specific manner. On contrary, neither adult preference nor heat resistance significantly change with temperature. density was generally lower mosquitoes reared at 18°C than other tested temperatures, analysis showed enrichment for functions stress responses (i.e. cuticle proteins chitin, cytochrome p450 shock proteins) both 18 32°C. Our data overall reduced vector performance when were 32°C, absence isomorphy relationship between laboratory population deriving larvae northern Italy. Altogether, results important implications reliable model projections invasion potentials Ae. its epidemiological impact.

Язык: Английский

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Sexually discordant selection is associated with trait-specific morphological changes and a complex genomic response

Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 78(8), С. 1426 - 1440

Опубликована: Май 9, 2024

Sexes often have differing fitness optima, potentially generating intra-locus sexual conflict, as each sex bears a genetic "load" of alleles beneficial to the other sex. One strategy evaluate conflict in genome is artificially select populations discordantly against established dimorphism (SD), reintroducing attenuated conflict. We investigate long-term artificial selection experiment reversing size Drosophila melanogaster during ~350 generations sexually discordant selection. explore morphological and genomic changes identify loci under between sexes concordantly size-selected treatments. Despite substantial overall size, concordant maintained ancestral SD. However, altered trait-specific manner. observe multiple possible soft selective sweeps genome, with size-related genes showing signs Patterns differentiation within lineages identified potential sites by selected lineage shows pattern elevated males females on chromosome 3L, consistent maintenance Our results suggest visible differentially segregating due

Язык: Английский

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Chromosomal genome assembly resolves drug resistance loci in the parasitic nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(2), С. e1012820 - e1012820

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

The parasitic nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta is one of the most important pathogens sheep and goats in temperate climates worldwide can rapidly evolve resistance to drugs used control it. To understand genetics drug resistance, we have generated a highly contiguous genome assembly for UK T. isolate, MTci2. Assembly using PacBio long-reads Hi-C long-molecule scaffolding together with manual curation resulted 573 Mb (N50 = 84 Mb, total scaffolds 1,286) five autosomal sex-linked chromosomal-scale consistent its karyotype. resource was further improved via annotation 22,948 genes, over 3,200 these, resulting robust near complete (96.3% protein BUSCOs) support basic applied research on this veterinary pathogen. Genome-wide analyses combining evidence from three distinct experiments, identified selection around known candidate genes benzimidazole, levamisole ivermectin as well novel regions associated moxidectin resistance. These insights into contemporary historic genetic emphasise importance assemblies interpreting genome-wide variation identifying key loci prioritise developing diagnostic markers anthelmintic parasite control.

Язык: Английский

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Dominant Negative Mitf Allele Impacts Melanophore and Xanthophore Development and Reveals Collaborative Interactions With Tfec in Zebrafish Chromatophore Lineages

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 38(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Ectothermic vertebrates exhibit a diverse array of pigment cell types—chromatophores—that provide valuable opportunities to uncover mechanisms fate specification and how they evolve. Like melanocytes mammals, the melanophores teleosts other ectotherms depend on basic helix–loop–helix leucine zipper transcription factors encoded by orthologues MITF . A different chromatophore, iridescent iridophore, depends closely related factor Tfec. Requirements for chromatophore lineages remain largely uncertain. Here we identify new allele zebrafish Mitf gene, mitfa , that results in complete absence not only but also yellow‐orange xanthophores. Harboring missense substitution DNA‐binding domain identical previously isolated alleles mouse, show this has defects precursor survival xanthophore differentiation extend beyond those loss‐of‐function. Additional genetic analyses revealed interactions between Mitfa Tfec as likely basis observed phenotypes. Our findings point collaborative roles promoting development, particularly lineages, insights into evolutionary aspects functions across vertebrates.

Язык: Английский

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Selection on the Fly: Short-Term Adaptation to an Altered Sexual Selection Regime inDrosophila pseudoobscura

Genome Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(7)

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Experimental evolution studies are powerful approaches to examine the evolutionary history of lab populations. Such have shed light on how selection changes phenotypes and genotypes. Most these not examined time course adaptation under sexual manipulation, by resequencing populations' genomes at multiple points. Here, we analyze allele frequency trajectories in Drosophila pseudoobscura where altered their regime for 200 generations sequenced pooled populations 5 The intensity was either relaxed monogamous (M) or elevated polyandrous lines (E). We present a comprehensive study alters population genetics parameters chromosome gene level. investigate differences effective size-Ne-between treatments, perform genome-wide scan identify signatures from time-series data. found genomic both regimes D. pseudoobscura. There more significant variants E as expected stronger selection. However, that response X substantial pronounced restricted recently sex-linked arm XR M. In first experimental evolution, estimate Ne be lower lines, which might indicate swift adaptive onset Additionally, third affected polyandry whereby its distal end harbors region showing strong signal especially lines.

Язык: Английский

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Polygenic architecture of adaptation to a high-altitude environment forDrosophila melanogasterwing shape and size

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024

Abstract As is typical of small insects, populations Drosophila melanogaster adapted to high altitude environments evolved increased body size, disproportionality large wings, and differing wing shape compared low-altitude ancestors. In one instance the colonization high-altitude in Ethiopia recent (2000-3000 years ago), a useful system study alleles contributing adaptive divergence. Unlike predictions derived from formulations Fisher-Kimura-Orr geometric model based on de novo mutations concurrent with selection, models predict segregating population are more likely contribute adaptation short time scales, particularly when genetically diverse, like D. . Strains lowland (∼500m above sea level – ASL) highland (∼3000m were used generate F20 advanced-intercrosses. From each cross, phenotypically extreme individuals for size pool-sequenced, genetic differentiation among pools demonstrated polygenic architecture divergence shape. We identified QTL effect, This not observed all crosses, pointing importance examining independent backgrounds mapping adaptation. Despite intrinsic links between we find unique basis these traits. work demonstrates that many alleles, throughout genome, rather than single, effect adaption adding growing evidence

Язык: Английский

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Reproductive resource allocation correlates with successful global invasion of a mosquito species

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024

Abstract The understanding of traits favoring biological invasions has been considered an essential step to predict which species would become successful invaders. Classical approaches test for differences between invasive vs. not and emphasize reproduction as a critical phenotype establishment species. However, cross-species comparisons underestimate intraspecies differences, may be relevant in with highly genetically diverse populations. Here we capitalize on the well-characterized invasion history arboviral vector Aedes albopictus , resulted genetically-distinct native, old populations, compared reproductive capacity (fertility fecundity), development (timing egg development, oviposition patterns hatching) physiology (blood digestion nutrient movement during oogenesis) across We observed that mosquitoes optimize their investment oogenesis, leads increased production respect native long adapted laboratory mosquitoes. This higher fecundity results from delay oogenesis is accompanied by fertility. further tested inheritance via reciprocal crosses, showed fertility hybrids parental strains potential contribution males success Our provide evidence resource allocation influences Ae. manifests population correlate success. Significance Statement In addition being process ensure survival species, key determinant because it facilitates species’ ability establish new area. Reproduction complex relies intricate timely interactions genetic physiological factors. combined molecular, biochemical, show efficient energetic resources fosters output variation its geographic These are predicting this tailoring effective control strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic diversity loss in the Anthropocene will continue long after habitat destruction ends

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024

Genetic diversity within species is the basis for evolutionary adaptive capacity and has recently been included as a target protection in United Nations’ Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). However, there lack of reliable large-scale predictive frameworks to quantify how much genetic already lost, let alone quantitatively predict future losses under different conservation scenarios 21st century. Combining spatio-temporal population theory with genomic data 18 plant animal species, we studied dynamics after habitat area losses. We show reacts slowly declines, but lagged will continue many decades even habitats are fully protected. To understand magnitude this problem, combined our method species’ monitoring reported Living Planet Index, Red List, new GBF indicators. then project loss 13,808 short-term 13 – 22% long-term 42 48% substantial deviations depending on level fragmentation. These results highlight that only current insufficient ensure health continuous likely underestimates long term impacts. provide an area-based framework develop quantitative global biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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Deep-amplicon sequencing of the complete beta-tubulin gene in Trichuris trichiura before and after albendazole treatment

International Journal for Parasitology Drugs and Drug Resistance, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26, С. 100570 - 100570

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Sexually discordant selection is associated with trait specific morphological changes and a complex genomic response

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2023

Abstract Sexes often have differing fitness optima, potentially generating intra-locus sexual conflict, as each sex bears a genetic ‘load’ of alleles beneficial to the other sex. One strategy evaluate conflict in genome is artificially select populations discordantly, against established dimorphism, reintroducing attenuated conflict. We investigate long-term artificial selection experiment reversing size dimorphism Drosophila melanogaster during ∼350 generations sexually discordant selection. explore morphological and genomic changes identify loci under between sexes discordantly concordantly selected treatments. Despite substantial overall size, concordant maintained ancestral dimorphism. However, altered trait-specific manner. observe multiple, possible soft selective sweeps genome, with related genes showing signs Patterns differentiation within lineages identified potential sites by lineage shows pattern elevated on chromosome 3L, consistent maintenance Our results suggest measurable differentially segregating due

Язык: Английский

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