H3K27M,
a
driver
mutation
with
T
and
B
cell
neoepitope
characteristics,
defines
an
aggressive
subtype
of
diffuse
glioma
poor
survival.
We
functionally
dissect
the
immune
response
one
patient
treated
H3K27M
peptide
vaccine
who
subsequently
entered
complete
remission.
The
robustly
expanded
class
II
human
leukocyte
antigen
(HLA)–restricted
peripheral
H3K27M-specific
cells.
Using
functional
assays,
we
characterized
34
clonally
unique
H3K27M-reactive
receptors
identified
critical,
conserved
motifs
in
their
complementarity-determining
region
3
regions.
detailed
HLA
mapping,
further
demonstrate
that
diverse
HLA-DQ
HLA-DR
alleles
present
immunogenic
epitopes.
Furthermore,
profiled
from
activated
cells
cerebrospinal
fluid.
Our
results
uncover
breadth
adaptive
against
shared
clonal
neoantigen
across
multiple
allelotypes
support
use
II–restricted
vaccines
to
stimulate
tumor-specific
harboring
therapeutic
potential.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023
Abstract
Recent
advances
in
neoantigen
research
have
accelerated
the
development
and
regulatory
approval
of
tumor
immunotherapies,
including
cancer
vaccines,
adoptive
cell
therapy
antibody-based
therapies,
especially
for
solid
tumors.
Neoantigens
are
newly
formed
antigens
generated
by
cells
as
a
result
various
tumor-specific
alterations,
such
genomic
mutation,
dysregulated
RNA
splicing,
disordered
post-translational
modification,
integrated
viral
open
reading
frames.
recognized
non-self
trigger
an
immune
response
that
is
not
subject
to
central
peripheral
tolerance.
The
quick
identification
prediction
neoantigens
been
made
possible
advanced
next-generation
sequencing
bioinformatic
technologies.
Compared
tumor-associated
antigens,
highly
immunogenic
provide
emerging
targets
personalized
serve
prospective
predictors
survival
prognosis
checkpoint
blockade
responses.
therapies
will
be
aided
understanding
mechanism
underlying
neoantigen-induced
anti-tumor
streamlining
process
neoantigen-based
immunotherapies.
This
review
provides
overview
on
characterization
outlines
clinical
applications
immunotherapeutic
strategies
based
neoantigens.
We
also
explore
their
current
status,
inherent
challenges,
translation
potential.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Март 12, 2021
Abstract
In
less
than
nine
months,
the
Severe
Acute
Respiratory
Syndrome
Coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
killed
over
a
million
people,
including
>25,000
in
New
York
City
(NYC)
alone.
The
COVID-19
pandemic
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2
highlights
clinical
needs
to
detect
infection,
track
strain
evolution,
and
identify
biomarkers
of
disease
course.
To
address
these
challenges,
we
designed
fast
(30-minute)
colorimetric
test
(LAMP)
for
infection
from
naso/oropharyngeal
swabs
large-scale
shotgun
metatranscriptomics
platform
(total-RNA-seq)
host,
viral,
microbial
profiling.
We
applied
methods
specimens
gathered
669
patients
during
first
two
months
outbreak,
yielding
broad
molecular
portrait
emerging
disease.
find
significant
enrichment
NYC-distinctive
clade
virus
(20C),
as
well
host
responses
interferon,
ACE,
hematological,
olfaction
pathways.
addition,
use
50,821
patient
records
that
renin–angiotensin–aldosterone
system
inhibitors
have
protective
effect
severe
outcomes,
unlike
similar
drugs.
Finally,
spatial
transcriptomic
data
autopsy
tissues
reveal
distinct
ACE2
expression
loci,
with
macrophage
neutrophil
infiltration
lungs.
These
findings
can
inform
public
health
may
help
develop
drive
diagnostic,
prevention,
treatment
strategies.
Nature Cancer,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
4(5), С. 608 - 628
Опубликована: Май 1, 2023
Abstract
One
key
barrier
to
improving
efficacy
of
personalized
cancer
immunotherapies
that
are
dependent
on
the
tumor
antigenic
landscape
remains
patient
stratification.
Although
patients
with
CD3
+
CD8
T
cell-inflamed
tumors
typically
show
better
response
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
it
is
still
unknown
whether
immunopeptidome
repertoire
presented
in
highly
inflamed
and
noninflamed
substantially
different.
We
surveyed
61
regions
adjacent
nonmalignant
lung
tissues
from
8
performed
deep
antigen
discovery
combining
immunopeptidomics,
genomics,
bulk
spatial
transcriptomics,
explored
heterogeneous
expression
presentation
(neo)antigens.
In
present
study,
we
associated
diverse
cell
populations
found
a
relatively
higher
frequency
predicted
neoantigens
located
within
HLA-I
hotspots
cell-excluded
tumors.
such
recognition,
supporting
their
involvement
editing.
This
could
have
implications
for
choice
combination
therapies
tailored
patient’s
mutanome
microenvironment.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(730)
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024
Immunotherapy
has
emerged
as
a
crucial
strategy
to
combat
cancer
by
“reprogramming”
patient’s
own
immune
system.
Although
immunotherapy
is
typically
reserved
for
patients
with
high
mutational
burden,
neoantigens
produced
from
posttranscriptional
regulation
may
provide
an
untapped
reservoir
of
common
immunogenic
targets
new
targeted
therapies.
To
comprehensively
define
tumor-specific
and
likely
patient
RNA-Seq,
we
developed
Splicing
Neo
Antigen
Finder
(SNAF),
easy-to-use
open-source
computational
workflow
predict
splicing-derived
MHC-bound
peptides
(T
cell
antigen)
unannotated
transmembrane
proteins
altered
extracellular
epitopes
(B
antigen).
This
uses
highly
accurate
deep
learning
immunogenicity
prediction
(DeepImmuno)
in
conjunction
algorithms
rank
the
tumor
specificity
(BayesTS)
regulators
mis-splicing
(RNA-SPRINT).
T
antigens
SNAF
were
frequently
evidenced
HLA-presented
mass
spectrometry
(MS)
response
melanoma.
neoantigen
burden
was
attributed
coordinated
splicing
factor
dysregulation.
Shared
found
up
90%
melanoma,
correlated
overall
survival
multiple
cohorts,
induced
reactivity,
characterized
distinct
cells
origin
amino
acid
preferences.
In
addition
neoantigens,
our
B
focused
pipeline
(SNAF-B)
identified
class
neoepitopes,
which
termed
ExNeoEpitopes.
ExNeoEpitope
full-length
mRNA
predictions
specific
validated
using
long-read
isoform
sequencing
vitro
localization
assays.
Therefore,
systematic
identification
revealed
potential
shared
therapy
heterogeneous
cancers.
Nature Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(1), С. 134 - 142
Опубликована: Март 7, 2024
The
identification
of
patient-derived,
tumor-reactive
T
cell
receptors
(TCRs)
as
a
basis
for
personalized
transgenic
therapies
remains
time-
and
cost-intensive
endeavor.
Current
approaches
to
identify
TCRs
analyze
tumor
mutations
predict
activating
(neo)antigens
use
these
either
enrich
infiltrating
lymphocyte
(TIL)
cultures
or
validate
individual
autologous
therapies.
Here
we
combined
high-throughput
TCR
cloning
reactivity
validation
train
predicTCR,
machine
learning
classifier
that
identifies
TILs
in
an
antigen-agnostic
manner
based
on
single-TIL
RNA
sequencing.
PredicTCR
from
diverse
cancers
better
than
previous
gene
set
enrichment-based
approaches,
increasing
specificity
sensitivity
(geometric
mean)
0.38
0.74.
By
predicting
matter
days,
clonotypes
can
be
prioritized
accelerate
the
manufacture
EClinicalMedicine,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
40, С. 101099 - 101099
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2021
BackgroundSince
the
beginning
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic,
there
has
been
increasing
urgency
to
identify
pathophysiological
characteristics
leading
severe
clinical
course
in
patients
infected
with
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2).
Human
leukocyte
antigen
alleles
(HLA)
have
suggested
as
potential
genetic
host
factors
that
affect
individual
immune
response
SARS-CoV-2.
We
sought
evaluate
this
hypothesis
by
conducting
a
multicenter
study
using
HLA
sequencing.MethodsWe
analyzed
association
between
COVID-19
severity
and
HLAs
435
individuals
from
Germany
(n
=
135),
Spain
133),
Switzerland
20)
United
States
147),
who
had
enrolled
March
2020
August
2020.
This
included
older
than
18
years,
diagnosed
representing
full
spectrum
disease.
Finally,
we
tested
our
results
meta-analysing
data
prior
genome-wide
studies
(GWAS).FindingsWe
describe
HLA-C*04:01
COVID-19.
Carriers
twice
risk
intubation
when
SARS-CoV-2
(risk
ratio
1.5
[95%
CI
1.1–2.1],
odds
3.5
1.9–6.6],
adjusted
p-value
0.0074).
These
findings
are
based
on
four
countries
corroborated
independent
GWAS.
Our
biologically
plausible,
fewer
predicted
bindings
sites
for
relevant
peptides
compared
other
alleles.InterpretationHLA-C*04:01
carrier
state
is
associated
suggest
class
I
role
defense
against
SARS-CoV-2.FundingFunded
Roche
Sequencing
Solutions,
Inc.