The coming decade of digital brain research: A vision for neuroscience at the intersection of technology and computing

Imaging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2, С. 1 - 35

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract In recent years, brain research has indisputably entered a new epoch, driven by substantial methodological advances and digitally enabled data integration modelling at multiple scales—from molecules to the whole brain. Major are emerging intersection of neuroscience with technology computing. This science combines high-quality research, across scales, culture multidisciplinary large-scale collaboration, translation into applications. As pioneered in Europe’s Human Brain Project (HBP), systematic approach will be essential for meeting coming decade’s pressing medical technological challenges. The aims this paper to: develop concept decade digital discuss community large, identify points convergence, derive therefrom scientific common goals; provide framework current future development EBRAINS, infrastructure resulting from HBP’s work; inform engage stakeholders, funding organisations institutions regarding research; address transformational potential comprehensive models artificial intelligence, including machine learning deep learning; outline collaborative that integrates reflection, dialogues, societal engagement on ethical opportunities challenges as part research.

Язык: Английский

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Visual feature processing in a large stroke cohort: evidence against modular organization

Brain, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Abstract Mid-level visual processing represents a crucial stage between basic sensory input and higher-level object recognition. The conventional model posits that fundamental qualities like color motion are processed in specialized, retinotopic brain regions (e.g., V4 for color, MT/V5 motion). Using atlas-based lesion-symptom mapping disconnectome maps cohort of 307 ischemic stroke patients, we examined the neuroanatomical correlates underlying eight mid-level qualities. Contrary to standard model's predictions, our results did not reveal consistent relationships impairments damage traditionally associated regions. While validated methodology by confirming established relationship field defects primary areas (V1, V2, V3), found no reliable evidence linking deficits specific posterior brain. These findings challenge traditional modular view suggest may be more distributed across neural networks than previously thought. This supports alternative models where represent constellations co-occurring information rather

Язык: Английский

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Atlasing white matter and grey matter joint contributions to resting-state networks in the human brain

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2023

Over the past two decades, study of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging has revealed that connectivity within and between networks is linked to cognitive states pathologies. However, white matter connections supporting this remain only partially described. We developed a method jointly map grey contributing each network (RSN). Using Human Connectome Project, we generated an atlas 30 RSNs. The also highlighted overlap networks, which most brain's (89%) shared multiple RSNs, with 16% by at least 7 These overlaps, especially existence regions numerous suggest lesions in these areas might strongly impact communication networks. provide open-source software explore joint contribution RSNs facilitate damage In first application clinical data, were able link stroke patients impacted showing their symptoms aligned well estimated functions

Язык: Английский

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Stroke lesion size – Still a useful biomarker for stroke severity and outcome in times of high-dimensional models

NeuroImage Clinical, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40, С. 103511 - 103511

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

The volumetric size of a brain lesion is frequently used stroke biomarker. It stands out among most imaging biomarkers for being one-dimensional variable that applicable in simple statistical models. In times machine learning algorithms, the question arises whether such still useful, or high-dimensional models on spatial information are superior. We included 753 first-ever anterior circulation ischemic patients (age 68.4±15.2 years; NIHSS at 24h 4.4±5.1; modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3-months median[IQR] 1[0.75;3]) and traced lesions diffusion-weighted MRI. an out-of-sample model validation scheme, we predicted severity as measured by functional outcome mRS 3 months either from features size. For severity, best regression based performed significantly above chance (p<0.0001) with R2 = 0.322, but better 0.363 (t(752) 2.889; p=0.004). outcome, classification again accuracy 62.8%, which was not different (62.6%, p=0.80). With smaller training data sets only 150 50 patients, performance decreased up to point equivalent even inferior trained combination one did improve predictions. Lesion decent biomarker slightly particularly suited studies small samples. When low-dimensional desired, provides viable proxy features, whereas high-precision prediction personalised prognostic medicine should operate large

Язык: Английский

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Cerebellar imaging with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging: approaches, challenges, and potential

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56, С. 101353 - 101353

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is sensitive to the mobility of water in tissue and cell geometry organization central nervous system — providing unique insight into both local microstructure white matter connectivity. Most dMRI methods were developed for studying cerebral but can provide useful information about cerebellar gray matter. However, small size intricate structure cerebellum poses challenges dMRI. In this review, we discuss these challenges, recent advancements methodology, insights from applications novel methods. While many limitations still remain should be considered conclusions regarding connectivity, carefully designed experiments analyses new behavioral pathological aspects function.

Язык: Английский

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Functional and structural reorganization in brain tumors: a machine learning approach using desynchronized functional oscillations

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024

Abstract Neuroimaging studies have allowed for non-invasive mapping of brain networks in tumors. Although tumor core and edema are easily identifiable using standard MRI acquisitions, imaging often neglect signals, structures, functions within their presence. Therefore, both functional diffusion as well relationship with global patterns connectivity reorganization, poorly understood. Here, we explore the activity structure white matter fibers considering contribution whole a surgical context. First, find intertwined alterations frequency domain local spatially distributed resting-state potentially arising tumor. Second, propose fiber tracking pipeline capable anatomical information while still reconstructing bundles tumoral peritumoral tissue. Finally, machine learning healthy information, predict structural rearrangement after surgery given preoperative network. The generative model also disentangles complex reorganization different types Overall, show importance carefully designing including MR signals damaged tissues, they exhibit relate to non-trivial (dis-)connections or activity.

Язык: Английский

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Severity-dependent interhemispheric white matter connectivity predicts post-stroke neglect recovery

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44(21), С. e1311232024 - e1311232024

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024

Left-sided spatial neglect is a very common and challenging issue after right-hemispheric stroke, which strongly negatively affects daily living behavior recovery of stroke survivors. The mechanisms underlying remain controversial, particularly regarding the involvement intact, contralesional hemisphere, with potential contributions ranging from maladaptive to compensatory. In present prospective, observational study, we assessed severity in 54 patients (32 male; 22 female) at admission discharge inpatient neurorehabilitation. We demonstrate that interaction initial spared white matter (dis)connectivity resulting individual lesions (as by diffusion tensor imaging, DTI) explains significant portion variability poststroke recovery. mildly impaired patients, structural connectivity within lesioned hemisphere sufficient attain good Conversely, severe impairment, successful critically depends on intact between hemispheres. These distinct patterns, mediated their respective connections, may help reconcile dichotomous perspectives role as exclusively compensatory or not. Instead, they suggest unified viewpoint wherein can - but must not necessarily assume role. This would depend impairment available, connectivity. future, our findings could serve prognostic biomarker for guide patient-tailored therapeutic approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Post-stroke changes in brain structure and function can both influence acute upper limb function and subsequent recovery

NeuroImage Clinical, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 45, С. 103754 - 103754

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Improving outcomes after stroke depends on understanding both the causes of initial function/impairment and mechanisms recovery. Recovery in patients with initially low function/high impairment is variable, suggesting factors relating to are different important for subsequent Here we aimed determine contribution altered brain structure function severity recovery upper limb post-stroke. The Nine-Hole Peg Test was recorded week 1 one-month post-stroke used divide 36 (18 females, age: M = 66.56 years) into those high/low We determined differences (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) (Magnetoencephalography, tactile stimulation) between Lastly, examined relative changes levels function. Low related lower sensorimotor β power greater lesion-induced disconnection contralateral [ipsilesional] white-matter motor projection connections. Moreover, intra-hemispheric connectivity (structural functional) unique function, while inter-hemispheric Function-related recovery-related related, yet not identical. Separating out that contribute each process key identifying potential therapeutic targets improving outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Latent class cluster analysis to capture language profiles in the acute phase post-stroke

Aphasiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The scientific value of tractography: accuracy vs usefulness

Brain Structure and Function, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 230(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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