The connectomics of brain disorders

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 16(3), С. 159 - 172

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Global brain inflammation in stroke

The Lancet Neurology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 18(11), С. 1058 - 1066

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Disruptions of network connectivity predict impairment in multiple behavioral domains after stroke

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 113(30)

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2016

Significance Since the early days of neuroscience, relative merit structural vs. functional network accounts in explaining neurological deficits has been intensely debated. Using a large stroke cohort and machine-learning approach, we show that visual memory verbal are better predicted by connectivity than lesion location, motor location connectivity. In addition, disruption to subset cortical areas predicts general cognitive deficit (spanning multiple behavior domains). These results shed light on complementary value stroke, provide physiological mechanism for multidomain seen after stroke.

Язык: Английский

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The Human Thalamus Is an Integrative Hub for Functional Brain Networks

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 37(23), С. 5594 - 5607

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2017

The thalamus is globally connected with distributed cortical regions, yet the functional significance of this extensive thalamocortical connectivity remains largely unknown. By performing graph-theoretic analyses on data collected from human participants, we found that most thalamic subdivisions display network properties are capable integrating multimodal information across diverse networks. From a meta-analysis large dataset brain-imaging experiments, further involved in multiple cognitive functions. Finally, focal lesions humans have widespread distal effects, disrupting modular organization This converging evidence suggests critical hub region could integrate being processed throughout cerebral cortex as well maintain structure SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT traditionally viewed passive relay station sensory organs or subcortical structures to cortex. However, has connections entire cortex, which can also serve processing between regions. In study, demonstrate brain Moreover, engaged by tasks requiring These findings support idea

Язык: Английский

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Mapping Symptoms to Brain Networks with the Human Connectome

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 379(23), С. 2237 - 2245

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2018

Complex neurologic and psychiatric syndromes cannot be understood on the basis of focal brain lesions. Functional neuroimaging, maps interrelated regions called connectome, combination lesion analysis with networks connectome offer a new way to understand function disease.

Язык: Английский

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Incidence and prevalence of dementia associated with transient ischaemic attack and stroke: analysis of the population-based Oxford Vascular Study

The Lancet Neurology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 18(3), С. 248 - 258

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2019

BackgroundRisk of dementia after stroke is a major concern for patients and carers. Reliable data risk dementia, particularly transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke, are scarce. We studied the risks of, factors for, before stroke.MethodsThe Oxford Vascular Study prospective incidence study all vascular events in population 92 728 people residing Oxfordshire, UK. Patients with occurring between April 1, 2002, March 31, 2012, were ascertained multiple methods, including assessment dedicated daily emergency clinic review hospital admissions. Pre-event post-event (incident) diagnosed at initial during 5-years' follow-up on basis cognitive testing supplemented by obtained from hand searches primary care records. assessed association severity (as measured US National Institutes Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score), location (ie, dysphasia), previous events, markers susceptibility reserve (age, low education, pre-morbid dependency, leucoaraiosis), baseline cognition, Cox regression models adjusted age, sex, education. compared prevalence our published UK age-matched sex-matched rates.FindingsAmong 2305 (mean age 74·4 years [SD 13·0]), 688 (30%) had attacks 1617 (70%) strokes. was 225 patients; highest severe NIHSS >10) lowest attack. Of 2080 without pre-event 1982 (95%) followed up to end death. Post-event occurred 432 5 follow-up. The 1 year 34·4% (95% CI 29·7–41·5) (NIHSS score >10), 8·2% (6·2–10·2) those <3), 5·2% (3·4–7·0) Compared population, 1-year standardised morbidity ratio 47·3 35·9–61·2), 5·8 (4·4–7·5), 3·5 (2·5–4·8), respectively. Consequently, survivors brought forward approximately 25 who strokes, 4 2 attacks. 5-year associated event severity, dysphasia, leucoaraiosis, diabetes (p<0·0001 comparisons, except [p=0·006]).InterpretationThe have varies substantially depending clinical characteristics lesion burden factors. Incidence nearly 50 times higher that general but excess lower stroke.FundingWellcome Trust, Wolfson Foundation, British Heart Institute Research, Research Biomedical Centre.

Язык: Английский

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Network localization of neurological symptoms from focal brain lesions

Brain, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 138(10), С. 3061 - 3075

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2015

A traditional and widely used approach for linking neurological symptoms to specific brain regions involves identifying overlap in lesion location across patients with similar symptoms, termed mapping. This is powerful broadly applicable, but has limitations when do not localize a single region or stem from dysfunction connected the site rather than itself. newer sensitive such network effects functional neuroimaging of patients, this requires specialized scans beyond routine clinical data, making it less versatile difficult apply are rare transient. In article we show that mapping can be expanded incorporate into symptom localization without need patients. Our three steps: (i) transferring three-dimensional volume onto reference brain; (ii) assessing intrinsic connectivity rest using normative connectome data; (iii) overlapping lesion-associated networks identify common syndrome. We first tested our peduncular hallucinosis, syndrome visual hallucinations following subcortical lesions long hypothesized due on extrastriate cortex. While themselves were heterogeneously distributed little location, 22 23 negatively correlated was compared other (P < 10−5) relative cortical 0.01). Next, generalizability technique by applying additional syndromes: central post-stroke pain, auditory aphasia. each syndrome, heterogeneous had showed significant areas previously implicated expression 10−4). These results suggest producing share involved expression; publically available human data these approaches. Because current no imaging may prove applicable localizing setting lesions. The power limited reflect dysfunction. Boes et al. present novel method leverages link networks. They validate four syndromes, expression.

Язык: Английский

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GRAPES—Grounding representations in action, perception, and emotion systems: How object properties and categories are represented in the human brain

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 23(4), С. 979 - 990

Опубликована: Май 13, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Acute off-target effects of neural circuit manipulations

Nature, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 528(7582), С. 358 - 363

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Recovery from stroke: current concepts and future perspectives

Neurological Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2020

Abstract Stroke is a leading cause of acquired, permanent disability worldwide. Although the treatment acute stroke has been improved considerably, majority patients to date are left disabled with considerable impact on functional independence and quality life. As absolute number survivors likely further increase due demographic changes in our aging societies, new strategies needed order improve neurorehabilitation. The most critical driver recovery post-stroke neural reorganization. For developing novel, neurobiologically informed promote function, an understanding mechanisms enabling plasticity mandatory. This review provides comprehensive survey recent developments field using neuroimaging non-invasive brain stimulation. We discuss current concepts how reorganizes its architecture overcome stroke-induced deficits, also present evidence for maladaptive effects interfering recovery. demonstrate that combination neurostimulation techniques allows better can be modulated reorganization networks. Finally, neurotechnology-based allowing patient-tailored interventions achieve enhanced responses discussed. highlights important limitations models, finally closes possible solutions future directions.

Язык: Английский

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