Host Genetic Variation Impacts SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in the Diversity Outbred Mouse Population
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1), С. 103 - 103
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic
led
to
the
rapid
and
worldwide
development
of
highly
effective
vaccines
against
SARS-CoV-2.
However,
there
is
significant
individual-to-individual
variation
in
vaccine
efficacy
due
factors
including
viral
variants,
host
age,
immune
status,
environmental
genetic
factors.
Understanding
those
determinants
driving
this
may
inform
more
broadly
protective
strategies.
While
are
known
impact
for
respiratory
pathogens
such
as
influenza
tuberculosis,
on
not
well
understood.
To
model
SARS-CoV-2
efficacy,
while
controlling
non-genetic
factors,
we
used
Diversity
Outbred
(DO)
mouse
model.
We
found
that
DO
mice
immunized
exhibited
high
levels
vaccine-induced
neutralizing
antibody
responses.
majority
vaccinated
were
protected
from
virus-induced
disease,
similar
human
populations,
observed
breakthrough
a
subset
mice.
Importantly,
antibody,
titer
heritable,
indicating
serves
useful
system
studying
contribution
both
disease
outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Antibodies in Long‐COVID—Markers of Protection or Elevated Risk? A Systematic Review
Reviews in Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
35(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025
Long-COVID
affects
a
significant
number
of
COVID-19
survivors,
profoundly
impacting
daily
life
and
work.
Although
research
suggests
potential
link
between
antibody
levels
long-COVID
risk,
findings
remain
inconclusive.
Understanding
dynamics
could
support
the
identification
patients
at
improve
diagnosis,
guide
protective
strategies
such
as
vaccination.
Despite
growing
evidence,
no
systematic
review
has
yet
evaluated
current
literature
on
this
topic.
We
therefore
aimed
to
synthesise
evaluate
existing
evidence
association
anti-SARS-CoV-2
titres
long-COVID,
with
goal
clarifying
their
role
in
predicting
guiding
patient
management,
informing
future
directions.
Studies
published
PubMed/Medline
databases
January
2020
October
2024
were
included
without
language
restrictions.
body
fluids
other
than
serum/blood
excluded.
Study
selection
quality
assessment
was
conducted
independently
by
two
researchers.
After
screening
949
studies,
58
studies
encompassing
53,739
individuals,
7812
patients,
included.
Evidence
highly
heterogenous
but
most
reported
an
anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike
antibodies
although
nature
appeared
be
dependent
time
from
acute
infection.
Low
during
associated
increased
risk
long-COVID.
The
low
that
maintaining
sufficiently
high
may
protective.
However,
level
is
further
sufficient
power
are
required
confirm
potentially
determine
cutoffs.
Язык: Английский
Low pre-infection levels of neutralizing antibody in breakthrough infections after bivalent BA.4–5 vaccine and practical application of dried blood spots
Vaccine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
42(22), С. 126029 - 126029
Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2024
The
level
of
neutralizing
antibodies
required
to
confer
protection
against
COVID-19
breakthrough
infections
(BIs)
is
unclear,
and
the
ability
know
immune
status
individuals
rapidly
changing
endemic
variants
limited.
We
assessed
longitudinal
serum
anti-RBD
antibody
levels
activities
(NTs)
Omicron
BA.5
XBB.1.5
in
healthcare
workers
following
fourth
monovalent
fifth
bivalent
BA.4-5
vaccines.
occurrence
BIs
was
also
followed,
pre-infection
were
compared
between
patients
who
developed
BI
those
did
not.
In
addition,
we
collected
whole
blood
samples
on
same
day
as
sera
stored
them
filter
papers
(nos.
545,
590,
424)
for
up
two
months,
then
measured
their
NTs
using
dried
spots
(DBS)
eluates,
with
paired
sera.
Pre-infection
lower
than
not,
but
not
different
them.
below
50
%
200-fold
diluted
might
be
one
indicators
high
risk
BI.
However,
at
6
months
after
dose
vaccine
this
threshold
almost
half
infection-naïve
participants.
DBS
eluates
strongly
correlated
sera,
time
temperature
stability
varied
type
paper;
no.
545
paper
found
most
suitable
NT
evaluation.
Язык: Английский
Correlates of Nucleocapsid Antibodies and a Combination of Spike and Nucleocapsid Antibodies Against Protection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the Omicron XBB.1.16/EG.5–Predominant Wave
Open Forum Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(9)
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024
Abstract
Background
We
aimed
to
examine
the
association
among
nucleocapsid
(N)
antibodies,
a
combination
of
N
and
spike
(S)
protection
against
SARS-CoV-2
reinfection.
Methods
conducted
prospective
cohort
study
staff
at
national
medical
research
center
in
Tokyo
followed
them
for
incidence
infection
between
June
September
2023
(Omicron
XBB.1.16/EG.5
wave).
At
baseline,
participants
donated
blood
samples
measure
N-
S-specific
antibodies.
Cox
regression
was
used
estimate
hazard
ratio
([1
–
ratio]
×
100)
subsequent
across
these
antibody
levels.
Results
Among
with
previous
infection,
higher
pre-reinfection
antibodies
were
associated
lower
risk
reinfection,
even
after
adjusting
S
levels
(P
<
.01
trend).
Estimation
matrix
revealed
that
high
conferred
robust
(>90%)
infection.
In
addition,
pattern
low
but
vaccine-enhanced
showed
(>80%).
Conclusions
Pre-reinfection
correlated
independent
If
low,
vaccine-boosted
might
enhance
reinfection
protection.
Язык: Английский
Protection of Omicron bivalent vaccine, previous infection, and their induced neutralizing antibodies against symptomatic infection with Omicron XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1
Open Forum Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(9)
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024
Abstract
Background
Data
are
limited
on
the
protective
role
of
Omicron
BA
bivalent
vaccine,
previous
infection,
and
their
induced
neutralizing
antibodies
against
XBB.1.16
EG.5.1
infection.
Methods
We
conducted
a
nested
case-control
analysis
among
tertiary
hospital
staff
in
Tokyo
who
had
received
≥3
doses
COVID-19
vaccines
donated
blood
samples
June
2023
(1
month
before
wave).
identified
206
symptomatic
cases
between
September
selected
controls
with
1:1
propensity
score
matching.
examined
association
vaccination,
preinfection
live
virus
antibody
titers
risk
Results
Previous
infection
during
BA-
or
XBB-dominant
phase
was
associated
significantly
lower
EG.5.1–dominant
than
infection-naive
status,
70%
100%
protection,
respectively,
whereas
vaccination
showed
no
association.
Preinfection
were
39%
(95%
CI,
8%–60%)
28%
8%–44%)
matched
controls.
Neutralizing
activity
somewhat
detectable
sera
individuals
but
barely
those
naive
vaccine.
Conclusions
In
era
when
XBB
vaccine
unavailable,
did
not
confer
protection
The
afforded
these
variants.
Язык: Английский
Antibody Responses and Infection Prevention following the Sixth Vaccination using the BA.1 bivalent COVID-19 vaccine among Healthcare workers during the XBB variant Dominance in Japan
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024
The
effect
of
antibodies
elicited
by
bivalent
mRNA
vaccines
(original
and
omicron
BA.1)
on
preventing
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
onset
in
the
presence
XBB
variant
remains
unknown.
A
prospective
cohort
study
conducted
at
Chiba
University
Hospital
examined
healthcare
workers
who
received
their
sixth
vaccination
with
Pfizer-BioNTech
COVID-19
vaccine
BA.1).
Researchers
quantitatively
measured
serum
anti-spike
(S)
antibody
levels.
Participants
not
infected
during
60-day
observation
period
after
had
significantly
higher
S
titers
than
those
were
newly
(27756
U/mL,
95%
CI
[24988–30831
U/mL]
vs.
15321
[10824–21688
U/mL],
p<0.05).
risk
infection
decreased
84%
when
titer
exceeded
15500
U/ml.
Neutralizing
against
XBB.1.16
XBB.1.42
variants
age-
sex-matched
noninfected
individuals
post-vaccination
period.
highly
correlated
neutralizing
titers.
In
conclusion,
BA.1),
high
prevention,
even
variants.
Язык: Английский