Insects,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(7), С. 590 - 590
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2021
The
selective
application
of
insecticides
is
one
the
cornerstones
integrated
pest
management
(IPM)
and
strategies
for
resistance
to
insecticides.
present
work
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
traditional
new
methods
gas,
liquid,
gel,
solid
physical
insecticide
formulations
control
stored-product
food
industry
urban
pests
from
taxa
Acarina,
Blattodea,
Coleoptera,
Diptera,
Hymenoptera,
Lepidoptera,
Psocoptera,
Zygentoma.
Various
definitions
concepts
historically
currently
used
various
pesticide
are
also
described.
This
review
demonstrates
that
technological
advances
have
sparked
renewed
research
interest
in
optimization
conventional
such
as
aerosols,
sprays,
fumigants,
inert
gases.
Insect
growth
regulators/disruptors
(IGRs/IGDs)
increasingly
employed
baits,
residual
treatments,
spray-residual
protectants
long-term
stored-grain
protection.
Insecticide-impregnated
hypoxic
multilayer
bags
been
proven
be
most
promising
low-cost
safe
hermetic
grain
storage
developing
countries.
netting
baits
were
originally
developed
urban/medical
recognized
an
innovative
technology
protection
stored
commodities.
New
biodegradable
acaricide
gel
coatings
nets
suggested
ham
meat.
Tablets
satchels
represent
approach
botanicals.
Many
emerging
technologies
can
found
form
impregnated
protective
packaging
(insect
(IGRs/IGDs),
natural
repellents),
pheromone-based
attracticides,
electrostatic
dust
or
nanoparticles,
edible
artificial
sweeteners,
hydrogels,
with
synthetic
attractants,
encapsulations
active
ingredients,
cyanogenic
coatings.
Smart
based
on
RNA-based
gene
silencing
compounds
incorporated
into
stand
at
forefront
current
strategic
research.
Inert
gases
(diatomaceous
earth)
positive
examples
alternatives
products,
which
their
integration
other
proposed
implemented
practice.
Although
many
laboratory
studies
conducted
biological
activity
botanical
insecticides,
published
demonstrating
effective
industrial
field
usage
stores
production
facilities
scarce.
shows
problems
associated
some
(e.g.,
sorption,
stability,
efficacy,
smell)
extent
echo
frequently
encountered
addressed
almost
100
years
ago
during
transition
ancient
modern
classical
chemical
methods.
Insects,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(11), С. 758 - 758
Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2020
The
invasive
red
imported
fire
ant,
Solenopsis
invicta
Buren
(hereafter,
ants),
is
a
significant
threat
to
public
health
and
danger
livestock,
pets
wildlife
due
their
venomous
stings.
ant
has
invaded
many
countries
regions
become
globally
pest.
current
major
tool
manage
ants
are
synthetic
insecticides
that
used
largely
as
stomach
poisons
in
bait
products
or
contact
spray,
broadcast,
drench,
dust
for
area
nest
treatments.
In
addition
these
insecticide
products,
repellants
fumigants
can
also
be
useful
some
unique
scenarios.
ever-increasing
concern
about
the
potential
adverse
effects
of
on
environment
been
driving
force
searching
safer
alternatives
control
ants.
Tremendous
effort
made
developing
biologically-based
managing
ants;
however,
natural
continue
one
most
attractive
sources
safe
insecticides.
Here,
we
summarized
currently
ants,
available
alternative
market,
academic
efforts
toxins,
fumigants.
Abstract
This
opinion
addresses
the
re-evaluation
of
erythritol
(E
968)
as
food
additive
and
an
application
for
its
exemption
from
laxative
warning
label
requirement
established
under
Regulation
(EU)
No
1169/2011.
Erythritol
is
a
polyol
obtained
by
fermentation
with
Moniliella
pollinis
BC
or
megachiliensis
KW3-6,
followed
purifications
drying.
readily
dose-dependently
absorbed
in
humans
can
be
metabolised
to
erythronate
small
extent.
then
excreted
unchanged
urine.
It
does
not
raise
concerns
regarding
genotoxicity.
The
dataset
evaluated
consisted
human
interventional
studies.
Panel
considered
that
has
potential
cause
diarrhoea
humans,
which
was
adverse
because
association
electrolyte
water
imbalance.
lower
bound
range
no
observed
effect
levels
(NOAELs)
0.5
g/kg
body
weight
(bw)
identified
reference
point.
appropriate
set
numerical
acceptable
daily
intake
(ADI)
at
level
An
ADI
bw
per
day
protective
immediate
well
chronic
effects,
secondary
diarrhoea.
highest
mean
95th
percentile
exposure
children
(742
mg/kg
day)
adolescents
(1532
day).
Acute
maximally
3531
meal
99th
percentile.
Overall,
both
dietary
assessments
overestimation.
concluded
estimates
acute
were
above
ADI,
indicating
individuals
high
may
risk
experiencing
effects
after
single
repeated
exposure.
Concerning
new
application,
available
data
do
support
proposal
exemption.
Parasites & Vectors,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024
Sugar
alcohols,
such
as
erythritol,
are
low-impact
candidates
for
attractive
toxic
sugar
baits
(ATSB)
to
kill
mosquitoes.
To
determine
whether
erythritol
has
a
viable
future
in
ATSB
formulations,
suite
of
assays
was
conducted
diagnose
toxicity
mechanisms
and
starvation
effects
on
mortality
Aedes
aegypti
(L.)
model
system.
We
measured
general
carbohydrate
load,
glucosidase
levels,
free
glucose
intoxicated
adult
mosquitoes
observe
digestion
impaired.
assayed
the
combinations
with
larvae
adults.
measure
when
were
not
resource-deprived,
additional
manipulated
prior
status.
Up
50,000
ppm
water
had
no
effect
within
72
h,
but
an
ammonia
spike
indicated
diuresis
early
4
h
(F8,44
=
22.50,
P
<
0.0001)
after
sucrose/erythritol
added.
Adult
consumption
diuretic
regardless
pairing,
while
sucrose
together
generated
above
80%
(F2,273
33.30,
alongside
triple
normal
excretion
(F5,78
26.80,
0.0004).
Glucose
fructose
paired
individually
less
mortality,
still
double
fecal
excretion.
When
ingesting
erythritol-laced
meals,
detected
compared
meals
(χ2
12.54,
df
1,
Data
showed
that
is
linear
competitive
inhibitor
α-glucosidase,
marking
it
novel
class
insecticide
current
research
climate.
However,
efficacy
null
persistent
across
various
levels.
Despite
significant
diuresis,
combined
from
acute
enough
vector
control
programs
considering
against
Journal of Economic Entomology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
114(1), С. 1 - 13
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2020
Artificial
sweeteners
are
sweet-tasting
additives
found
in
consumable
products
as
substitutes
for
naturally
occurring
sugars.
They
derived
from
plant
extracts
or
manufactured
by
chemical
synthesis.
Ingestion
of
insects
can
lead
to
significant
physiological
effects,
such
mortality,
decreased
fecundity,
and
behavioral
change.
Due
their
low
toxicity
toward
humans
the
issues
associated
with
conventional
insecticide
usage,
artificial
have
recently
gained
attention
potential
use
biorational
insecticides.
Here,
we
review
impact
on
novel
Journal of Economic Entomology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
114(4), С. 1701 - 1708
Опубликована: Май 3, 2021
Erythritol,
an
artificial
sweetener,
has
shown
promise
as
organic,
human-safe
insecticide.
Recently,
erythritol
applications
were
to
be
successful
at
controlling
pear
psylla
(Cacopsylla
pyricola
(Förster))
(Hempitera:
Psyllidae),
the
most
important
pest
of
in
Pacific
Northwest,
USA.
Twospotted
spider
mite
(Tetranychus
urticae
Koch)
(Trombidiformes:
Tetranychidae)
and
rust
(Epitrimerus
pyri
(Nalepa))
Eriophyidae)
can
also
highly
damaging
pests.
Their
common
natural
enemy,
Galendromus
occidentalis
(Nesbitt)
(Mesostigmata:
Phytoseiidae),
provide
biological
control
if
selective
pesticides
are
used
for
managing
other
Through
a
series
bioassays,
we
sought
determine
whether
could
either
species
mite.
We
examined
had
acute
or
sublethal
impacts
on
G.
occidentalis,
through
variety
exposure
methods.
Effects
included
mortality,
fecundity,
prey
consumption,
locomotion.
determined
that
high
concentration
(30%)
efficacy
against
both
caused
arresting
behavior
twospotted
Erythritol
little
mortality
but
did
reduce
fecundity
consumption
some
motion-capture
software,
this
is
primarily
due
reduced
movement,
likely
by
difficulty
walking
residues
excessive
grooming
behavior.
Because
predatory
non-target
effects
less
than
those
two
mites,
concluded
integrated
into
IPM
with
no
disruption
control.
Journal of Medical Entomology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
60(5), С. 1022 - 1029
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023
Abstract
Around
the
world,
mosquitoes
continue
to
transmit
disease-causing
pathogens
and
develop
resistance
insecticides.
We
previously
discovered
that
a
generally
regarded
as
safe
(GRAS)
compound,
1,2-propanediol,
reduces
adult
mosquito
survivorship
when
ingested.
In
this
study,
we
assess
compare
5
more
chemically
related
compounds
for
lethality
8
GRAS
sugar
substitutes
determine
toxicity.
conducted
series
of
feeding
assays
if
ingesting
influenced
mean
in
locally
collected
lab-reared
populations
Aedes
aegypti
(Diptera,
Culicidae,
Linnaeus,
1762)
albopictus
Skuse,
1894)
mosquitoes.
Our
results
indicate
1,3-propanediol,
1,5-pentanediol,
1,6-hexanediol,
2-methyl-1,3-propanediol,
DL-dithiothreitol,
acesulfame
potassium,
allulose,
erythritol,
sodium
saccharin,
stevia,
sucralose
significantly
reduced
one
or
both
species.
Short-term
trials
with
most
toxic
revealed
they
could
substantially
affect
after
24
h.
also
found
there
were
different
responses
2
species
several
experimental
conditions,
male
expired
greater
extent
than
female
These
findings
are
Further
study
is
required
their
effectiveness
attractive
baits
(ATSBs)
potential
component
population
control
strategies.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
169(10), С. 878 - 887
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021
Abstract
Polyol
sweeteners,
including
erythritol
and
xylitol,
have
been
investigated
for
their
potential
in
insect
control
against
a
number
of
pests
mosquitoes,
fruit
flies,
ants,
filth
flies.
Several
insecticidal
modes
action
the
polyols
proposed
non‐biting
flies
include:
(1)
dehydration
from
excessive
regurgitation,
(2)
arrestment
physiological
processes
due
to
abnormally
high
hemolymph
osmolality
or
osmotic
diarrhea,
(3)
alteration
gut
microbiome.
Here,
we
explored
house
fly,
Musca
domestica
L.
(Diptera:
Muscidae),
fly
medical
veterinary
importance.
House
fed
xylitol
regurgitated
at
significantly
higher
rate
when
compared
that
ingested
sucrose.
Flies
sucrose
solutions
had
than
but
not
deposited
more
fecal
spots
polyol
solutions.
Cultivable
bacteria
were
least
abundant
either
most
provided
water
only.
Of
tested,
stress
post‐feeding
regurgitation
seems
likeliest
cause
death
related
consumption.
However,
cannot
rule
out
classical
toxicological
biochemical
mode
these
results.
Although
efficacy
as
active
ingredients
is
still
under
debate,
use
other
components
products
may
be
beneficial.
Due
widespread
resistance
limited
chemicals
registered
control,
it
important
new
thoroughly
assessed
usefulness.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2023
Abstract
Around
the
world,
mosquitoes
continue
to
transmit
disease-causing
pathogens
while
also
developing
resistance
insecticides.
We
previously
discovered
that
a
generally
regarded
as
safe
(GRAS)
compound,
1,2-propanediol,
reduces
adult
mosquito
survivorship
when
ingested.
In
this
study,
we
assess
and
compare
five
more
chemically
related
compounds
for
lethality
eight
GRAS
sugar
substitutes
determine
toxic
effects.
conducted
series
of
feeding
assays
if
ingesting
influenced
mean
in
locally
collected
lab-reared
populations
Aedes
aegypti
(Linnaeus,
1762)
albopictus
(Skuse,
1894)
mosquitoes.
Our
results
indicate
1,3-propanediol,
1,5-pentanediol,
1,6-hexanediol,
2-methyl-1,3-propanediol,
DL-dithiothreitol,
acesulfame
potassium,
allulose,
erythritol,
sodium
saccharin,
stevia,
sucralose
significantly
reduced
one
or
both
species.
Short-term
trials
with
most
revealed
they
could
substantially
affect
after
24
hours.
found
many
yielded
different
responses
two
species
male
expired
greater
extent
than
female
These
findings
several
may
be
highly
effective
local
vector
population
disease
control
through
functioning
components
attractive
bait
systems
(ATSBs)
