
Journal of Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2025(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous pest, particularly destructive to maize crops all over the world. It native America but has strong flying capabilities, and currently, FAW invaded many Asian countries, including Pakistan. Therefore, current study aims monitor its activity in four different areas of The damage percentage was recorded fields caused by FAW. Furthermore, susceptibility test pesticides performed against under laboratory conditions. Maximum autumn that were surrounded other alternative hosts such as sorghum, potato, jantar, rice chilies, cotton when compared spring (with no alternate host their surroundings). Temperature seems play an important role size population they cause. results showed among tested insecticides, emamectin benzoate lufenuron exhibited higher toxic effects, while chlorpyrifos lambda‐cyhalothrin lower toxicities Additionally, revealed increasing resistance populations commonly used especially South Punjab. These findings underscore urgent need for integrated pest management strategies address development. Despite observed resistance, remains viable control option, proactive crucial continued effectiveness long‐term control.
Язык: Английский