Melatonin Synthesis and Function: Evolutionary History in Animals and Plants

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2019

Melatonin is an ancient molecule that can be traced back to the origin of life. Melatonin's initial function was likely as a free radical scavenger. presumably evolved in bacteria; it has been measured both α-proteobacteria and photosynthetic cyanobacteria. In early evolution, bacteria were phagocytosed by primitive eukaryotes for their nutrient value. According endosymbiotic theory, ingested eventually developed symbiotic association with host eukaryotes. The into mitochondria while cyanobacteria became chloroplasts organelles retained ability produce melatonin. Since these have persisted present day, all species ever existed or currently exist may continue synthesize melatonin (animals plants) (plants) where functions antioxidant. other functions, including its multiple receptors, later evolution. day animals, via receptor-mediated means, regulation sleep, modulation circadian rhythms, enhancement immunity, multifunctional oncostatic agent, etc., retaining reduce oxidative stress processes are, part, receptor-independent. plants, continues reducing well promoting seed germination growth, improving resistance, stimulating immune system modulating rhythms; single receptor identified land plants controls stomatal closure on leaves. synthetic pathway varies somewhat between animals. amino acid, tryptophan, necessary precursor taxa. tryptophan initially hydroxylated 5-hydroxytryptophan which then decarboxylated formation serotonin. Serotonin either acetylated

Язык: Английский

---

Chemical Priming of Plants Against Multiple Abiotic Stresses: Mission Possible?

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 21(4), С. 329 - 340

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2015

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin biosynthesis in plants: multiple pathways catalyze tryptophan to melatonin in the cytoplasm or chloroplasts

Journal of Pineal Research, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 61(4), С. 426 - 437

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2016

Melatonin is an animal hormone as well a signaling molecule in plants. It was first identified plants 1995, and almost all enzymes responsible for melatonin biosynthesis had already been characterized these species. from tryptophan requires four-step reactions. However, six genes, that is, TDC, TPH, T5H, SNAT, ASMT, COMT, have implicated the synthesis of plants, suggesting presence multiple pathways. Two major pathways proposed based on enzyme kinetics: One tryptophan/tryptamine/serotonin/N-acetylserotonin/melatonin pathway, which may occur under normal growth conditions; other tryptophan/tryptamine/serotonin/5-methoxytryptamine/melatonin when produce large amounts serotonin, example, upon senescence. The biosynthetic capacity associated with conversion to serotonin much higher than melatonin, yields low level Many intermediates are produced various subcellular compartments, such cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, either facilitates or impedes subsequent enzymatic steps. Depending pathways, final sites vary at cytoplasm differentially affect mode action

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin treatment delays postharvest senescence and regulates reactive oxygen species metabolism in peach fruit

Postharvest Biology and Technology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 118, С. 103 - 110

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2016

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin: A master regulator of plant development and stress responses

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 63(1), С. 126 - 145

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2020

Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule with multiple functions in plants. Since the discovery of melatonin plants, numerous studies have provided insight into biosynthesis, catabolism, and physiological biochemical this important molecule. Here, we describe biosynthesis from tryptophan, as well its various degradation pathways The identification putative receptor plants has led to hypothesis that hormone involved regulating plant growth, aerial organ development, root morphology, floral transition. universal antioxidant activity role preserving chlorophyll might explain anti-senescence capacity aging leaves. An impressive amount research focused on modulating postharvest fruit ripening by expression ethylene-related genes. Recent evidence also indicated plant's response biotic stress, cooperating other phytohormones well-known molecules such reactive oxygen species nitric oxide. Finally, great progress been made towards understanding how alleviates effects abiotic stresses, including salt, drought, extreme temperature, heavy metal stress. Given diverse roles, propose master regulator

Язык: Английский

---

Exogenous Melatonin Confers Salt Stress Tolerance to Watermelon by Improving Photosynthesis and Redox Homeostasis

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8

Опубликована: Март 1, 2017

Melatonin, a pleiotropic signal molecule, has been shown to play important roles in the regulation of plant growth, development, and responses environmental stresses. Since few species have investigated unveil effect exogenous melatonin on salt stress, underlying mechanism melatonin-mediated stress tolerance other still remains largely unknown. In this study, effects leaf photosynthesis redox homeostasis watermelon were examined under (300 mM NaCl) along with different doses (50, 150, 500 μM) pretreatment. NaCl inhibited increased accumulation reactive oxygen membrane damage leaves seedlings. However, pretreatment roots alleviated NaCl-induced decrease photosynthetic rate oxidative dose-dependent manner. The protection by was closely associated inhibition stomatal closure improved light energy absorption electron transport photosystem II, while reduction attributed coupled enhanced activities antioxidant enzymes. This study unraveled crucial role mitigation thus can be implicated management salinity cultivation.

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin mitigates cadmium phytotoxicity through modulation of phytochelatins biosynthesis, vacuolar sequestration, and antioxidant potential in Solanum lycopersicum L

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 6

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2015

Melatonin is a ubiquitous signal molecule, playing crucial roles in plant growth and stress tolerance. Recently, toxic metal cadmium (Cd) has been reported to regulate melatonin content rice; however, the function of under Cd stress, particularly higher plants, still remains elusive. Here, we show that optimal dose could effectively ameliorate Cd-induced phytotoxicity tomato. The contents were gradually increased over time stress. However, such increase endogenous was incapable reverse detrimental effects Cd. Meanwhile, supplementation with conferred tolerance as evident by biomass photosynthesis. In addition notable antioxidant enzymes activity, melatonin-induced mitigation closely associated enhanced H + -ATPase activity glutathione phytochelatins. Although exogenous had no effect on root content, it significantly reduced leaf indicating its role transport. Analysis different subcellular compartments revealed cell wall vacuolar fractions Our results suggest enhancements potential, phytochelatins biosynthesis subsequent sequestration might play critical Such mechanism may have potential implication safe food production.

Язык: Английский

---

Melatonin: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Plant Science

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 6

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2016

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a ubiquitous molecule with pleiotropic actions in different organisms. It performs many important functions human, animals, and plants; these range from regulating circadian rhythms animals to controlling senescence plants. In this review, we summarize the available information regarding presence of melatonin plant species, along highlighting its biosynthesis mechanisms action. We also collected on effects application commercially crops improve their growth development. Additionally, have identified new aspects where may possible roles plants, for example, function improving storage life quality fruits vegetables, role vascular reconnection during grafting process nutrient uptake roots by modifying root architecture. Another potentially aspect production melatonin-rich food (cereals, fruits, vegetables) through combination conventional modern breeding approaches, increase resistance against biotic abiotic stress, leading improved crop yields, nutraceutical value produce solve security issues.

Язык: Английский

---

Tolerance to Stress Combination in Tomato Plants: New Insights in the Protective Role of Melatonin

Molecules, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 23(3), С. 535 - 535

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2018

Abiotic stresses such as drought, heat or salinity are major causes of yield loss worldwide. Recent studies have revealed that the acclimation plants to a combination different environmental is unique and therefore cannot be directly deduced from studying response each applied individually. The efficient detoxification reactive oxygen species (ROS) thought play key role in enhancing tolerance abiotic stresses. Here, we report on melatonin protection photosynthetic apparatus through increase ROS tomato grown under heat, two most common known act jointly. Plants treated with exogenous showed modulation expression some antioxidant-related genes their related enzymes. More specifically, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase phospholipid hydroperoxide (APX, GR, GPX Ph-GPX, resepctively) an antagonistic regulation compared did not receive melatonin. This translated into better antioxidant capacity lesser accumulation stress combination. performance photosynthesis parameters photosystems was also increased heat. In accordance these findings, were found grow non-treated ones. Our study highlights important plays stresses, how this compound can specifically regulate oxidative stress-related enzymes plant tolerance.

Язык: Английский

---

Exogenous melatonin improves growth and photosynthetic capacity of cucumber under salinity-induced stress

Photosynthetica, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 54(1), С. 19 - 27

Опубликована: Май 21, 2015

Melatonin mediates many physiological processes in animals and plants. To examine the potential roles of melatonin salinity tolerance, we investigated effects exogenous on growth antioxidant system cucumber under 200 mM NaCl stress conditions. The results showed that melatonin-treated plants significantly increased mass protection. Under stress, addition effectively alleviated decrease net photosynthetic rate, maximum quantum efficiency PSII, total chlorophyll content. Our data also suggested resistance exhibited a concentration effect. application 50-150 μM improved capacity. Additionally, pretreatment with reduced oxidative damage by scavenging directly H2O2 or enhancing activity enzymes (including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase) concentrations antioxidants (ascorbic acid glutathione). Therefore, could enhance their tolerance.

Язык: Английский

---