Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Abscisic Acid/Gibberellin Balance in the Control of Seed Dormancy and Germination in Cereals

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Май 23, 2018

Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that does not allow the germination of intact viable seed under favourable environmental conditions. Non-dormant seeds or with low level can germinate readily optimal conditions, and such a leads to preharvest sprouting, on mother plant prior harvest, which significantly reduces yield quality cereal crops. High dormancy, other hand, may lead non-uniform seedling establishment. Therefore, intermediate considered be desirable as it prevents problems sprouting allows uniformity postharvest seeds. Induction, maintenance release are complex physiological processes influenced by wide range endogenous factors. Plant hormones, mainly abscisic acid (ABA) gibberellin (GA), major factors act antagonistically in control germination; ABA positively regulates induction while GA enhances germination. Significant progress has been made recent years elucidation molecular mechanisms regulating ABA/GA balance there seeds, this review summarizes current state knowledge topic.

Язык: Английский

---

An Updated Overview on the Regulation of Seed Germination

Plants, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(6), С. 703 - 703

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2020

The ability of a seed to germinate and establish plant at the right time year is vital importance from an ecological economical point view. Due fragility these early growth stages, their swiftness robustness will impact later developmental stages crop yield. These traits are modulated by continuous interaction between genetic makeup environment production germination stages. In this review, we have summarized established knowledge on control molecular perspective. This serves as “backbone” integrate latest developments in field. include link events occurring mother influenced environment, changes chromatin landscape, discovery new players insights related well-known master regulators. Finally, results recent studies hormone transport, signaling, biophysical mechanical tissue properties underscoring relevance tissue-specific regulation interplay signals crucial process.

Язык: Английский

---

Implications of Abscisic Acid in the Drought Stress Tolerance of Plants

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(9), С. 1323 - 1323

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2020

Drought is a severe environmental constraint, which significantly affects plant growth, productivity, and quality. Plants have developed specific mechanisms that perceive the stress signals respond to external changes via different mitigation strategies. Abscisic acid (ABA), being one of phytohormones, serves as an important signaling mediator for plants’ adaptive response variety stresses. ABA triggers many physiological processes, including bud dormancy, seed germination, stomatal closure, transcriptional post-transcriptional regulation stress-responsive gene expression. The site its biosynthesis action must be clarified understand network ABA. Various studies documented multiple sites biosynthesis, their transporter proteins in plasma membrane, several components ABA-dependent pathways, suggesting stresses complex networking mechanism. Knowing about responses will increase our ability enhance crop tolerance through use various advanced techniques. This review elaborate on transportation, pathways at molecular level drought stress, add new insight future studies.

Язык: Английский

---

Dormancy and germination: making every seed count in restoration

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 28(S3)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2020

From 50 to 90% of wild plant species worldwide produce seeds that are dormant upon maturity, with specific dormancy traits driven by species' occurrence geography, growth form, and genetic factors. While is a beneficial adaptation for intact natural systems, it can limit recruitment in restoration scenarios because may take several seasons lose consequently show low or erratic germination. During this time, seed predation, weed competition, soil erosion, viability loss lead re‐establishment failure. Understanding considering germination planning thus critical ensuring effective management use efficiency. There five known classes (physiological, physical, combinational, morphological, morphophysiological), each requiring cues alleviate enable The status be determined through series simple steps account initial quality assess across range environmental conditions. In article, we outline the classification process various corresponding methodologies ex situ alleviation. We also highlight importance record‐keeping reporting accession information (e.g. geographic coordinates collection location, cleaning information, storage conditions, testing data) ensure these factors adequately considered planning.

Язык: Английский

---

Molecular dynamics of seed priming at the crossroads between basic and applied research

Plant Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(4), С. 657 - 688

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2023

The potential of seed priming is still not fully exploited. Our limited knowledge the molecular dynamics pre-germinative metabolism main hindrance to more effective new-generation techniques. Climate change and other recent global crises are disrupting food security. To cope with current demand for increased food, feed, biofuel production, while preserving sustainability, continuous technological innovation should be provided agri-food sector. Seed priming, a pre-sowing technique used increase vigor, has become valuable tool due its enhance germination stress resilience under changing environments. Successful protocols result from ability properly act on stimulate events that crucial quality. However, requires constant optimization, researchers committed addressing some key open questions overcome such drawbacks. In this review, an update scientific technical related provided. rehydration-dehydration cycle associated treatments can described in terms metabolic pathways triggered, modulated, or turned off, depending physiological stage. Understanding ways affects, either positively negatively, impacts gene expression protein/metabolite accumulation/depletion represents essential step toward identification novel quality hallmarks. need expand basic mechanisms ruling response underlined along strong applied research primed seeds as source This route will hasten implementation techniques needed support sustainable agriculture systems.

Язык: Английский

---

The Control of Seed Dormancy and Germination by Temperature, Light and Nitrate

The Botanical Review, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 86(1), С. 39 - 75

Опубликована: Март 1, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

Regulation of seed dormancy and germination by nitrate

Seed Science Research, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 28(3), С. 150 - 157

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2018

Abstract Nitrate promotes seed germination at low concentrations in many plant species, and functions as both a nutrient signal. As nutrient, it is assimilated via nitrite to ammonium, which then incorporated into amino acids. reductase (NR) catalyses the reduction of nitrate nitrite, committed step assimilation. Seed sensitivity affected by other environmental factors, such light after-ripening, genotypes. Mode action has been well documented Arabidopsis thaliana hedge mustard Sisymbrium officinale . In these species independent its assimilation NR, suggesting that acts signal stimulate germination. Arabidopsis, maternally applied affects degree primary dormancy wild-type mutants defective NR. This indicates not only during germination, but also development negatively regulate dormancy. Functional genomics studies have revealed elicits downstream events similar stimulators, stratification, distinct signals share same target(s). NIN-like protein 8 (NLP8) transcription factor, signalling, induces nitrate-dependent gene expression. particular, encoding abscisic acid (ABA) catabolic enzyme CYP707A2 directly regulated NLP8. regulation triggers nitrate-induced ABA decrease permits review article summarizes an update our current understanding nitrate.

Язык: Английский

---

Regulation of Seed Dormancy and Germination Mechanisms in a Changing Environment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(3), С. 1357 - 1357

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2021

Environmental conditions are the basis of plant reproduction and critical factors controlling seed dormancy germination. Global climate change is currently affecting environmental changing plants from seeds. Disturbances in germination will cause disturbances diversity communities. Models developed for scenarios show that some species face a significant decrease suitable habitat area. Dormancy an adaptive mechanism affects probability survival species. The ability seeds many to survive until recedes meet requirements strategy can act as buffer against negative effects heterogeneity. influence temperature humidity on status underlines need understand how affect patterns. Knowledge these processes important understanding evolution adaptation changes habitat. network genes under not fully characterized. Integrating research techniques different disciplines biology could aid mechanisms Transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, other fields provide researchers with new opportunities life. This paper focuses presenting various environments, emphasis their prospective roles climate.

Язык: Английский

---

Delay of Germination-1 (DOG1): A Key to Understanding Seed Dormancy

Plants, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(4), С. 480 - 480

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2020

DELAY OF GERMINATION-1 (DOG1), is a master regulator of primary dormancy (PD) that acts in concert with ABA to delay germination. The and DOG1 signaling pathways converge since requires protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) control PD. enhances through its binding PP2C HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION (AHG1/AHG3). suppresses the AHG1 action enhance sensitivity impose To carry out this suppression, formation DOG1-heme complex essential. DOG1-AHG1 DOG1-Heme an independent processes but essential for function. quantity active mature viable seeds correlated extent Thus, dog1 mutant seeds, which have scarce endogenous high gibberellin (GAs) content, exhibit non-dormancy phenotype. Despite being studied extensively recent years, little known about molecular mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation DOG1. However, it well-known physiological function tightly regulated by array transformations include alternative splicing, polyadenylation, histone modifications, cis-acting antisense non-coding transcript (asDOG1). becomes modified (i.e., inactivated) during seed after-ripening (AR), levels do not correlate germination potential. Interestingly, was recently found transcription factor (TF) bZIP67 binds promoter. This required activate expression leading enhanced dormancy. On other hand, development under low-temperature conditions triggers increasing abundance bZIP67. Together, current data indicate strictly limited PD process, also facets maturation, part interfering ethylene components. Otherwise, affects such us flowering drought tolerance, approaches understanding are, at time, still inconclusive.

Язык: Английский

---

Functional variants of DOG1 control seed chilling responses and variation in seasonal life-history strategies in Arabidopsis thaliana

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(5), С. 2526 - 2534

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2020

The seasonal timing of seed germination determines a plant's realized environmental niche, and is important for adaptation to climate. depends on patterns dormancy release or induction by cold interacts with flowering-time variation construct different life histories. To characterize the genetic basis climatic associations natural in chilling responses associated life-history syndromes, we selected 559 fully sequenced accessions model annual species Arabidopsis thaliana from across wide climate range scored each 13 stratification treatments, as well flowering senescence. Germination strategies varied continuously along 2 major axes: 1) Overall fraction 2) vs. cold. Natural was correlated time senescence create syndromes. Genome-wide association identified several loci responses, including known functional polymorphism self-binding domain candidate gene DOG1. A phylogeny DOG1 haplotypes revealed ancient divergence these variants periods Pleistocene change, Gradient Forest analysis showed that allele turnover SNPs significantly gradients. These results provide evidence A. thaliana's niche syndromes are shaped past cycles, local contemporary

Язык: Английский

---