Canalization and plasticity in psychopathology

Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 226, С. 109398 - 109398

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2022

This theoretical article revives a classical bridging construct, canalization, to describe new model of general factor psychopathology. To achieve this, we have distinguished between two types plasticity, an early one that call 'TEMP' for 'Temperature or Entropy Mediated Plasticity', and another, 'canalization', which is close Hebbian plasticity. These forms plasticity can be most easily by their relationship 'precision' inverse variance; TEMP relates increased variance decreased precision, whereas the opposite true canalization. also subsumes learning rate, (Ising) temperature entropy. Dictionary definitions 'plasticity' it as property being shaped molded; better match this. Importantly, propose 'pathological' phenotypes develop via mechanisms canalization defensive response adversity associated distress dysphoria. Our states entrenches in psychopathology, narrowing phenotypic state-space agent develops expertise pathology. We suggest - combined with gently guiding psychological support counter address questions whether when adaptive versus maladaptive, furnish our references basic human neuroscience, offer concrete experiments measures test its main hypotheses implications. part Special Issue on "National Institutes Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series".

Язык: Английский

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Neural complexity is increased after low doses of LSD, but not moderate to high doses of oral THC or methamphetamine

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Structured Dynamics in the Algorithmic Agent

Entropy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(1), С. 90 - 90

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

In the Kolmogorov Theory of Consciousness, algorithmic agents utilize inferred compressive models to track coarse-grained data produced by simplified world models, capturing regularities that structure subjective experience and guide action planning. Here, we study dynamical aspects this framework examining how requirement tracking natural drives structural properties agent. We first formalize notion a generative model using language symmetry from group theory, specifically employing Lie pseudogroups describe continuous transformations characterize invariance in data. Then, adopting generic neural network as proxy for agent system drawing parallels Noether’s theorem physics, demonstrate forces mirror model. This dual constraint on agent’s constitutive parameters repertoire enforces hierarchical organization consistent with manifold hypothesis network. Our findings bridge perspectives information theory (Kolmogorov complexity, modeling), (group theory), dynamics (conservation laws, reduced manifolds), offering insights into correlates agenthood structured systems, well design artificial intelligence computational brain.

Язык: Английский

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Efficiency and reliability in biological neural network architectures

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 17, 2024

Abstract Simplified models of neural networks have demonstrated the importance establishing a reasonable tradeoff between memory capacity and fault-tolerance in cortical coding schemes. The intensity is mediated by level neuronal variability. Indeed, increased redundancy activity enhances robustness code at cost its efficiency. We hypothesized that heterogeneous architecture biological provides substrate to regulate this tradeoff, thereby allowing different subpopulations same network optimize for objectives. To distinguish subpopulations, we developed metric based on mathematical theory simplicial complexes captures complexity their connectivity, contrasting higher-order structure random control. confirm relevance our analyzed several openly available connectomes, revealing they all exhibited wider distributions across than relevant controls. Using biologically detailed model an electron microscopic data set connectivity with co-registered functional data, showed low exhibit efficient activity. Conversely, high play supporting role boosting reliability as whole, softening robustness-efficiency tradeoff. Crucially, found both types can do coexist within single connectome networks, due heterogeneity connectivity. Our work thus suggests avenue resolving seemingly paradoxical previous results assume homogeneous

Язык: Английский

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Deep CANALs: a deep learning approach to refining the canalization theory of psychopathology

Neuroscience of Consciousness, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Psychedelic therapy has seen a resurgence of interest in the last decade, with promising clinical outcomes for treatment variety psychopathologies. In response to this success, several theoretical models have been proposed account positive therapeutic effects psychedelics. One more prominent is "RElaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics," which proposes that psychedelics act therapeutically by relaxing strength maladaptive high-level beliefs encoded brain. The recent "CANAL" model psychopathology builds on explanatory framework RElaxed pSychedelics proposing canalization (the development overly rigid belief landscapes) may be primary factor psychopathology. Here, we make use learning theory deep neural networks develop series refinements original CANAL model. Our contribution disambiguate two separate optimization landscapes underlying representation brain and describe unique pathologies can arise from each. Along each dimension, identify either too much or little canalization, implying construct does not simple linear correlation presentation expanded paradigm, demonstrate ability novel predictions regarding what aspects amenable psychedelic therapy, as well forms ultimately most beneficial given individual.

Язык: Английский

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Neural Geometrodynamics, Complexity, and Plasticity: A Psychedelics Perspective

Entropy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(1), С. 90 - 90

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

We explore the intersection of neural dynamics and effects psychedelics in light distinct timescales a framework integrating concepts from dynamics, complexity, plasticity. call this geometrodynamics for its parallels with general relativity’s description interplay spacetime matter. The geometry trajectories within dynamical landscape “fast time” are shaped by structure differential equation connectivity parameters, which themselves evolve over “slow driven state-dependent state-independent plasticity mechanisms. Finally, adjustment processes (metaplasticity) takes place an “ultraslow” time scale. Psychedelics flatten landscape, leading to heightened entropy complexity as observed neuroimaging modeling studies linking increases disruption functional integration. highlight relationship between criticality, fast synaptic Pathological, rigid, or “canalized” result ultrastable confined repertoire, allowing slower plastic changes consolidate them further. However, under influence psychedelics, destabilizing emergence complex leads more fluid adaptable state process that is amplified plasticity-enhancing psychedelics. This shift manifests acute systemic increase disorder possibly longer-lasting affecting both short-term long-term processes. Our offers holistic perspective on these substances their potential impacts function.

Язык: Английский

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The potential of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine in the treatment of alcohol use disorder: A first look at therapeutic mechanisms of action

Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide with high economic costs. Current treatment options show modest efficacy and relapse rates are high. Furthermore, there increases in gap few new medications have been approved past 20 years. Recently, psychedelic‐assisted therapy psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide has garnered significant attention AUD. Yet, they require amounts therapist input due to prolonged subjective effects (~4–12 h) leading costs impeding implementation. Accordingly, is an increasing interest rapid short‐acting psychedelic 5‐methoxy‐ N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT). This paper offers a first look at potential therapeutic mechanisms for AUD by reviewing current literature on 5‐MeO‐DMT. Primarily, 5‐MeO‐DMT able induce mystical experiences ego‐dissolution together psychological flexibility mindfulness. could decrease symptoms through alleviation mood‐related comorbidities consistent negative reinforcement self‐medication paradigms. In addition, preliminary evidence indicates that modulates neural oscillations might subserve (increases gamma ), mindfulness theta reorganization executive control networks coherence across frequencies) improve emotion regulation inhibition. Finally, animal studies characterized neuroplasticity, anti‐inflammation, 5‐HT 2A receptor agonism, downregulation metabotropic glutamate 5 clinical implications comorbidities. The concludes several recommendations future research establish purported action.

Язык: Английский

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Fundamental interactions in self-organised critical dynamics on higher order networks

The European Physical Journal B, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 97(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract In functionally complex systems, higher order connectivity is often revealed in the underlying geometry of networked units. Furthermore, such systems show signatures self-organised criticality, a specific type non-equilibrium collective behaviour associated with an attractor internal dynamics long-range correlations and scale invariance, which ensures robust functioning as brain. Here, we highlight intertwining features critical plausible mechanism for emergence new properties on larger scale, representing central paradigm physical notion complexity. Considering time-scale structural evolution known separation i.e., external driving, distinguish three classes geometries that can shape them differently. We provide overview current trends study phenomena, synchronisation phase oscillators discrete spin couplings embedded faces simplicial complexes. For representative example induced by structures, present more detailed analysis field-driven reversal hysteresis loops complexes composed triangles. These numerical results suggest two fundamental interactions edge-embedded triangle-embedded must be taken into account theoretical models to describe influence dynamics. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Ambient smart environments: affordances, allostasis, and wellbeing

Synthese, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 204(2)

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024

Abstract In this paper we assess the functionality and therapeutic potential of ambient smart environments. We argue that language affordances alone fails to do justice peculiar technology, draw from theoretical approaches based on free energy principle active inference. environments should be understood as playing an'upstream' role, shaping an agent's field in real time, adaptive way supports optimal grip a affordances. characterise using precision weighting, terms allostatic control, drawing analogy with role weighting metacognitive processes. One key insight present is may support control not only by simplifying problem space, but increasing uncertainty, order destabilise calcified, sub-optimal, psychological behavioural patterns. short, lay empirically-grounded foundation for understanding environments, answering related philosophical questions around agency, trust, subjective wellbeing.

Язык: Английский

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Serotonergic psychedelics as potential therapeutics for post-COVID-19 syndrome (or Long COVID): A comprehensive review

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 111279 - 111279

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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